我国SO2减排构想与经济分析

对我国未来燃煤SO₂排放数量进行了测算,设计了一个SO₂减排方案,并对减排成本进行了经济分析。据测算,2000年燃煤SO₂排放量将达到2163万t,减排44万t,减排成本为12.99亿元;2010年燃煤SO₂排放量将达到2613万t,减排1448万t,减排成本为285.10亿元。      

型煤燃烧固硫中的温度效应

以氧化钙作为固硫剂的型煤中适当加入Ｆｅ,Ｓｉ添加剂组分,燃烧生成新的固硫体系后进行了２种不同温度条件下的进样实验。１．型煤样品分成６份,进行逐渐升温实验,分别加热到１１７０℃－１２２０℃,温度间隔１０℃,恒温１／４ｈ,２．型煤样品分成７份,进行先升温后进样实验,将加热炉分别升温至要求温度１０００℃－１２２０℃＋后进样,温度间隔５０℃,恒温１／２ｈ,实验表明：在Ｆｅ,Ｓｉ体系的型煤燃烧过程中,当进样     

SBR法处理啤酒废水和味精废水进水方式的研究

采用SBR法处理啤酒废水和味精废水 ,研究了不同进水方式对SBR法处理效果的影响。试验结果表明 :啤酒废水采用限制曝气进水效果较好 ,瞬时进水和限制曝气进水效果相当 ;味精废水采用非限制曝气进水效果较好。通过动力学分析认为 :SBR反应器内的反应在限制曝气进水条件下以推流式进行 ,在非限制曝气进水条件下具有完全混合式的特点。     

废弃含汞灯具中荧光粉分析及汞处理

废旧直管型荧光灯、节能灯及高压汞灯等照明灯具所用荧光粉中含有重金属汞,由此带来的汞污染已危及人体健康与生态安全。分析了废弃含汞灯具中荧光粉混合物的粒径分布以及不同粒径筛分物中塑料的组分含量和汞含量,并研究了不同加热时间、加热温度对汞蒸馏效果的影响。结果表明:含汞荧光粉原料中塑料含量占1.00%,粒径大于150μm的玻璃颗粒占72.00%以上,其汞含量仅为9 mg/kg;在恒定氮气量为2L/min的条件下,利用管式炉在700℃的温度下加热240min,汞的蒸馏效果最佳,汞蒸馏效率为61.11%~95.26%。     

电除尘器船型灰斗内部粉尘在停机后的温度研究

本文以土耳其SILOPI 2#机电除尘器为工程分析对象,对燃煤电厂电除尘器船型灰斗内的粉尘在停机后的温度变化情况进行分析计算和有限元模拟,通过粉尘随时间的温度变化数据判断粉尘的凝结情况,得出该项目在最低气温-9.3℃环境下,119小时内船型灰斗不会因粉尘凝结而发生严重堵塞情况,模拟结果与实际一致。本文为工程上电除尘器因故停机的检修提供时间参考。     

Coal facies characteristics and its control on methane content in South Yanchuan Block,Southeast Ordos Basin,China

The variability in depositional environments in ancient peat bog and coal facies characteristics was investigated with 29 coal samples from four coalbed methane wells in South Yanchuan Block, Southeast Ordos Basin, China. The control of methane content is described as coal facies parameters and the corresponding measurements of methane content. The results indicated that the depositional environment of ancient peat bog in South Yanchuan Block is primarily a lower delta plain, and a low tissue preservation index (TPI) and high gelification index (GI) are typical features of reservoir’s coal facies, reflecting a deep water depositional environment in ancient peat bog. Compared with the coal facies characteristics of the western area, the coal reservoir in the eastern area displays low GI and high ash content as a result of ancient peat bog’s proximity to sea and source area. Various lateral methane contents are influenced by burial depth, whereas the characteristics of coal facies have a strong control on methane content within the single well in vertical direction. The methane content increases with increase in GI and vitrinite to inertinite ratio (V:I), while there are indistinct relationships between TPI and transportation index with methane content. With high GI and longer distance to sea and source area, the methane content in the western area is higher than that of the eastern area. High desmocollinite content also has a negative influence on methane content.     

轻烧镁窑烟尘污染治理技术的筛选与应用

利用煤气发生炉生产煤气，烧结轻烧镁，具有产品质量高，大幅度削减烟尘排放量，节约能源等优点，该项技术具有广泛的推广价值，本文较详细地介绍了辽宁省轻烧镁窑烟尘污染治理技术的典型，具有同类技术的国内先进水平．     

不同添加剂对铅冶炼污染石灰性土壤的修复及土壤性质的影响研究

探讨了污水处理厂脱水污泥、枯草和磷矿粉对受铅冶炼污染的石灰性土壤(全Pb、Cd、Zn含量分别为2337、21.4、486 mg·kg-1,DTPA提取态Pb、Cd、Zn含量分别为1035、14.5、68.7 mg·kg-1)中重金属的稳定效果及对土壤性质的影响.其中,污泥和枯草均按200 g·kg-1(干重)的用量施用,磷矿粉按n(P)∶n(Pb)=2∶1比例施用,培养80 d.研究结果表明,单独施用污泥可使土壤DTPA-Pb含量降低18.0%(p0.05),并可显著降低土壤pH,增加土壤氮、磷有效性和电导率、DTPA-Cd、DTPA-Zn含量,其中,DTPA-Cd、DTPA-Zn含量增加比例均达到10%以上.单独施用枯草可使土壤DTPA-Pb含量降低10.7%(p0.05),土壤有机质含量增加26.4%(p0.05),对土壤其它性状影响较小.磷矿粉单独施用时对土壤性质影响较小.与污泥单独施用相比,磷矿粉与污泥配合施用时,可使土壤DTPA-Cd含量降低11.9%.     

煤体注水湿润半径预测的神经网络模型

合理的注水半径一直是煤体注水防尘技术中难以确定的参数。笔者基于对影响煤体注水半径因素的分析和神经网络理论的原理之上 ,设计网络模型为 3层 ,输入层为 7个节点 ,应用BP网络算法 ,建立了煤体注水湿润半径的预测模型 ,并对其参数进行了讨论。然后 ,用平顶山矿务局和水城矿务局 13个矿 19个回采工作面的统计资料对BP网络进行自适应学习 ,并取η =0 .9,α =0 .82 ,控制网络总误差E≤ 10 6。经过 2 12 34次迭代后 ,网络趋于稳定。用训练好的网络对平顶山矿务局的某矿的 3层煤的注水湿润半径进行预测 ,预测结果与实测值很接近。其误差分别为 0 .5 %,0 .6 %和 0 .7%。     

Kinetics characteristics of coal low-temperature oxidation in oxygen-depleted air

The longwall gob (mined-out) area is one of the main places that are prone to coal spontaneous combustion and most of the residual coal in it is in oxygen-depleted air as it is a semi-enclosed space. A DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry) test system was designed to accurately test the heat generation of coal oxidation in different oxygen concentration atmosphere, based on which the kinetics parameters (activation energy and pre-exponential factor) of coal low-temperature oxidation in oxygen-depleted air were solved out. The results show that the kinetics parameters present obvious stage features and the lower the oxygen concentration is, the smaller is the difference of the kinetics parameters that in different oxidation stages. When the oxygen concentration is lower than 5% and 3% for jet coal and meagre coal respectively, the kinetics parameters of slow oxidation start to be greater than that of rapid oxidation. Both in the slow oxidation and rapid oxidation stage, with the decrease of oxygen concentration, kinetics parameters present significant decline on the whole while in different oxygen concentration range, the decline rate is different. It's concluded that when assessing the residual coal's self-heating risk, we need to use the corresponding kinetics parameters of coal oxidation in the oxygen concentration of the location where the residual coal is and the safety factor will be greater to only use the kinetics parameters of coal oxidation in slow oxidation stage. This study is of great significance for the assessment and control of the self-heating risk of coal that in different oxygen concentration atmospheres of the longwall gob areas.