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111.
南黄海冷水团海域及西部近岸区表层沉积物中碳、氮、磷的分布特征及其生态学指示意义 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
基于南黄海西部沉积化学及相关环境因子的调查资料,重点分析和探讨了冷水团海域及近岸区表层沉积物中TOC、TN、TP的分布特征及其生态学指示意义.结果显示,冷水团海域沉积物比近岸区沉积物具有较高的含水率、TOC、TN、TP含量及N/P比.沉积物类型(粒径)、物质来源和沉积环境显著影响着TOC含量,TOC高值主要分布在泥质沉积区.表层沉积物TN与TOC含量在冷水团海域呈显著正相关关系,表明两者的同源性较好,但整个调查海域中TP与TOC、TN无显著相关性,说明其来源较复杂.南黄海冷水团海域和西部近岸浅水区沉积物理化特性之间的显著差异反映了它们受控因素的迥异,冷水团海域沉积物TOC和TN含量受水柱中生物活动的影响较大,上层水体中产生的有机碎屑是其重要的海生物质来源,而浅水区沉积物TN和TP含量受水柱中生物活动的影响相对较小.底层水年平均DO含量对沉积物TOC、TN分布也具有一定影响. 相似文献
112.
Zhihua Li Zhenyu Hang Qian Zhang Shuangshuang Zhang Tianyu Zhang Hanqing Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(5):330-338
Respirograms of activated sludge OUR_ x~Tand OUR_x~(20)were measured under site(T) and standard(20°C) temperatures, respectively, and the predicted standard temperature respirogram OUR_( x,cal)~(20)was also calculated using the Arrhenius equation. These respirogram profiles reveal more information than effluent quality. A decrease of OUR_ x ~(20)is a critical alarm signal for the loss of pollutant removal capacity, and a sudden increase of the predicted value OUR_( x,cal)~(20)is an alarm signal for the unrecoverable deterioration of biomass. The sign of OUR_x~(20)–OUR_(x,cal)~(20)can be used for selection of tuning strategies. For example, a negative value of OUR_x~(20)–OUR_( x,cal)~(20)indicates that doubling biomass is difficult,thus strategies such as extending the reaction time with limited available biomass is preferred. The findings in this study elucidated the respiration profile of activated sludge under changes of temperature and can be effectively used for the stable operation of Wastewater Treatment Plants under cold temperatures and seasonal variations. 相似文献
113.
本文采用RA-915+型测汞仪建立了一种快速测定土壤中总汞的热解析冷原子吸收分光光度法。该方法使用土壤标准样品直接固体进样建立标准曲线,不需要任何样品前处理消解过程,可在几分钟内快速测量1个土壤样品中的总汞含量。采用该方法分析了ESS系列4个土壤标准样品和GSS系列15个土壤标准样品,并与原子荧光法比对分析了9个土壤实际样品,结果表明本方法具有快速、准确、简便和稳定性较高等优点。 相似文献
114.
Long term methane emissions from landfill sites are often predicted by first-order decay (FOD) models, in which the default coefficients of the methane generation potential and the methane generation rate given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are usually used. However, previous studies have demonstrated the large uncertainty in these coefficients because they are derived from a calibration procedure under ideal steady-state conditions, not actual landfill site conditions. In this study, the coefficients in the FOD model were estimated by a new approach to predict more precise long term methane generation by considering region-specific conditions. In the new approach, age-defined waste samples, which had been under the actual landfill site conditions, were collected in Hokkaido, Japan (in cold region), and the time series data on the age-defined waste sample’s methane generation potential was used to estimate the coefficients in the FOD model. The degradation coefficients were 0.050 1/y and 0.062 1/y for paper and food waste, and the methane generation potentials were 214.4 mL/g-wet waste and 126.7 mL/g-wet waste for paper and food waste, respectively. These coefficients were compared with the default coefficients given by the IPCC. Although the degradation coefficient for food waste was smaller than the default value, the other coefficients were within the range of the default coefficients. With these new coefficients to calculate methane generation, the long term methane emissions from the landfill site was estimated at 1.35 × 104 m3-CH4, which corresponds to approximately 2.53% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in the city (5.34 × 105 t-CO2/y). 相似文献
115.
此文应用厚壁圆筒弹性解,推导了冷挤压双层组合凹模,具有最大弹性极限时所能承受的最大挤压应力的计算公式,以及满足上述条件时双层组合凹模分界面半径和分界面过盈量的计算公式.利用上述各式,可使组合凹模获得最佳设计. 相似文献
116.
Cold season (winter and thaw) CH4, CO2 and N2O fluxes from freshwater marshes (47°35′N, 133°31′E, Northeast China) were measured, using the static chamber method. The mean CH4 and CO2 fluxes from Carex lasiocarpa (Cl) were 0.5 ± 0.19 and 6.23 ± 1.36 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively, and those from Deyeuxia angustifoli (Da) were 0.18 ± 0.15 and 5.22 ± 2.48 mg C m−2 h−1, respectively in winter. There was no significant difference between Cl and Da (p > 0.05). The contributions of winter CH4 fluxes were about 5.5% and 3% in the Cl and Da, respectively. Marshes are an important potential N2O sink in winter season in northeast China. During thaw, the CH4 and CO2 emissions rapidly increased, 4.5–6 times of winter emissions. Wetland became a source of N2O. Cold season gases flux from northern wetlands play an important role in the seasonal gas exchange. 相似文献
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119.
应用厚壁圆筒的弹性解 ,分析了冷挤压三层组合凹模具有最大弹性极限时的优化设计 ,推导了三层组合凹模的最大承压、各层分界面半径和分界面过盈量的优化设计计算公式。利用所推导的计算公式 ,可实现三层组合凹模几何参数的最佳设计 相似文献
120.
在分析了S195连杆螺钉传统的热模锻存在问题的基础上,指出该螺钉冷挤压加工的必要性。对该螺钉的冷挤压工艺进行了深入地研究,从而提出了切实可行的冷挤压工艺。 相似文献