唐山市某工业厂房全装配式改造更新方案分析

在原有工业厂房的基础上,采用装配式钢框架及梁-墙一体式墙板和可拆卸式剪力墙板对原有工业厂房进行改造更新.钢梁柱节点采用法兰外环板式,新加楼盖板采用预制预应力带肋底板混凝土叠合楼板(简称PKG板),同时与钢框架梁形成钢-混凝土组合梁体系,并与装配式墙板一体化设计,内墙板一部分采用原屋面重型混凝土板调节楼层重心,另一部分采...     

挡板缓冲下煤与瓦斯突出冲击波传播减能机制研究

为揭示煤与瓦斯突出冲击波在挡板缓冲条件下能量耗散规律,利用流体动力学理论建立突出冲击波在挡板缓冲下的传播特征分析的数学模型,分析突出冲击波沿巷道衰减的影响因素,基于不同的突出压力条件下煤与瓦斯突出物理模拟试验和数值模拟结果,研究沿着直巷道突出冲击波在挡板缓冲下能量的削弱机制和传播规律。研究结果表明：矿井突出冲击波能量的衰减程度主要与突出压力、输运煤粉做功和巷道横截面积有关,突出压力与冲击波传播超压成正相关关系,巷道横截面积是人为削弱冲击波能量最有效的途径;根据不同的突出压力,突出冲击波超压沿巷道主要表现为急剧增大,然后压力逐渐降低;挡板缓冲下反射冲击波与突出入射冲击波叠加的二次加速作用,导致挡板装置断面前后空间局部能量变大,但总体能量是减弱的,降低了突出冲击波的传播距离;通过理论分析、物理试验和数值模拟所得结果基本一致。     

某温湿高度试验箱低温-高度试验温度漂移原因分析与对策

目的针对某国产温湿高度试验箱,给出在低温-高度试验时,温度漂移的解决方法。方法在低温-高度试验时,对温度漂移原因进行研究分析,找出温度漂移的原因,给出了利用箱体微电脑触摸屏编程控制方法与设备控制参数设置的参考数据,找出了解决问题的简单方法。结果在低温(如-55℃)、低气压(如11.9 kPa)阶段,温度波动小于±3℃。结论通过设备控制参数重置,特别是通过一种拟合编程摸底试验,成功地解决了低温-高度试验时温度漂移问题。试验结果满足试验技术条件要求,并且节约了人力物力,为产品的交付使用赢得了时间。     

某型飞机减速板钛合金梁断裂原因分析

简要介绍了某型飞机减速板钛合金梁断裂的情况。采用XL30场发射环境扫描电镜及能谱仪对断口进行了取样分析。结果表明,在减速板钛合金梁销钉孔周围的应力集中区存在点蚀坑。点蚀坑主要是由于在疲劳载荷和CL-的共同作用下,销钉孔周围的应力集中区表面氧化膜破裂和重新生成的不断交替发生而形成的。在疲劳载荷作用下点蚀坑萌生疲劳裂纹源,并逐渐扩展,最终导致结构破坏。     

Characterization of bacterial community dynamics in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant

Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial communities in drinking water systems is vital to securing the microbial safety of drinking water. The objective of this study was to comprehensively characterize the dynamics of microbial biomass and bacterial communities at each step of a full-scale drinking water treatment plant in Beijing, China. Both bulk water and biofilm samples on granular activated carbon (GAC) were collected over 9 months. The proportion of cultivable cells decreased during the treatment processes, and this proportion was higher in warm season than cool season, suggesting that treatment processes and water temperature probably had considerable impact on the R2A cultivability of total bacteria. 16s rRNA gene based 454 pyrosequencing analysis of the bacterial community revealed that Proteobacteria predominated in all samples. The GAC biofilm harbored a distinct population with a much higher relative abundance of Acidobacteria than water samples. Principle coordinate analysis and one-way analysis of similarity indicated that the dynamics of the microbial communities in bulk water and biofilm samples were better explained by the treatment processes rather than by sampling time, and distinctive changes of the microbial communities in water occurred after GAC filtration. Furthermore, 20 distinct OTUs contributing most to the dissimilarity among samples of different sampling locations and 6 persistent OTUs present in the entire treatment process flow were identified. Overall, our findings demonstrate the significant effects that treatment processes have on the microbial biomass and community fluctuation and provide implications for further targeted investigation on particular bacteria populations.     

压实膨润土的土水特性试验研究

回填材料是高放废物地质处置库多重屏障系统的重要组成部分,以蒙脱石为主要成分的膨润土是较理想的回填材料,研究膨润土的非饱和渗透特性,对于回填材料选材和处置库安全性评价具有重要意义。文章通过室内试验开展柯尔碱膨润土的土水特性研究,用压力膜仪实测不同干密度柯尔碱膨润土的土水特征曲线,根据柔性壁渗透仪测得的饱和导水率数据,采用Van Genuchten(1980)预测模型分别计算得到每种干密度膨润土在不同含水量及基质吸力条件下的非饱和导水率,建立了非饱和导水率与含水量、基质吸力的相关关系,对比分析干密度对曲线的影响。结果表明,干密度对柯尔碱膨润土的土水特征曲线有着明显的影响,在初始含水量相同的情况下,干密度较大的膨润土脱水速率比干密度较小的膨润土脱水速率慢,表现出较高的持水性能。柯尔碱膨润土的非饱和导水率随含水量减小和基质吸力增大皆呈非线性降低,干密度越小,非饱和导水率越大。