三江平原小叶章湿地土壤硫的组成与垂直分布

以三江平原小叶章湿地为对象,对比研究了典型草甸小叶章湿地和沼泽化草甸小叶章湿地土壤硫的组成与垂直分布特征.结果表明,在2种小叶章湿地类型中,土壤总硫含量分别为303.39～520.83和303.74～1 219.81 mg·kg-1,平均值为391.62和513.03 mg·kg-1,均低于世界平均土壤硫含量(700 mg·kg-1).硫主要富集在土壤表层,且主要以有机硫形式存在,有机硫占总硫比例约为90%,而在有机硫中,则以碳键硫所占比例最大,占总硫比例分别为45.34%和37.24%.沼泽化草甸小叶章湿地土壤各形态硫含量及其变异性均高于典型草甸小叶章湿地.在2种湿地土壤中各形态硫都具有明显的垂直分布特征和变异性.土壤有机质含量是影响硫含量的重要因素,同时也受到土壤各粒级含量的影响,并且土壤各形态硫含量之间存在一定的相关关系.     

Specific Features of the Dynamics of Murine Rodent Communities under the Effects of Urbanization: 1. Dynamics of Species Composition and Abundance

The long-term population dynamics of rodent communities in park forests of Yekaterinburg was studied. The results showed that deep population depressions occurring in natural communities are not characteristic of the urban communities. In the urban environment, the density of rodents is always maintained at a relatively high level due to the appearance of species that are atypical for the natural communities. This fact deserves attention in view of the increasing risk of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in the region, as a high rodent abundance may provide for the maintenance of a stable TBE focus in the city.     

气溶胶和餐厅烟尘中有机氯农药特征与来源

使用GCIECD（气相色谱／电子捕获检测器）及毛细色谱柱定量分析粤港地区气溶胶和餐厅烟尘中有机氯农药的组成和分布特征,并分析其主要来源研究表明,从研究区大气环境中的气溶胶样品及餐厅烟尘颗粒物中,检出12种有机氯农药．其中6种DDT（滴滴涕）及其代谢物,3种BHC（六六六）和其它3种含氯农药,浓度范围在0.20～60.78pg/m³．靠近农田和果园的气溶胶及餐厅烟尘颗粒物中4,4'－DDT和2,4'－DDT浓度较高,说明大气环境中的DDT不仅来源于农药施撒过程和农田表层土壤,而且还来源于动物脂肪高温裂解的释放。     

乳化液膜法提取活性艳蓝KN-R工艺研究

利用表面活性剂TH-1、民用煤油、载体N235和内水相NaOH溶液组成的液膜体系,采用正交试验法,对提取活性艳蓝KN-R工艺进行了研究。结果表明:以5%TH-1,5%N235,10%NaOH,油内比Roi为1∶1.5的乳状液膜体系,处理初始浓度为6000mg/L活性艳蓝KN-R废水,在pH值为1,传质温度为25℃,乳水比Rew为1∶5的传质条件下,提取率可达94.8%。     

南响堂石窟表面粉尘特征及对石雕影响的研究

从对石窟石雕表面所覆盖的粉尘进行的物、化性能测试分析入手,对粉尘的特征、来源进行了系统地研究,指出粉尘主要由水泥尘、粘土尘、烟及煤炭尘组成,其来源为石窟周边的工业污染源.同时对粉尘与碳酸盐岩石雕表面所发生的各种反应进行了讨论,提出该工业粉尘是导致石窟石雕表面破损的一个不可忽视的重要因素.      

垃圾填埋场稳定化及其研究现状

文章对直埋场稳定化过程进行了初步描述,并从填埋气、渗滤液、垃圾组成和沉降等４个方面总结了填埋场稳定化的研究现状。     

Chemical composition of water conditioned by crowdedMoina macrocopa (Crustacea: Cladocera)

The chemical composition of water conditioned by colonies ofMoina macrocopa and involved in the regulation of their life cycle was analyzed in comparison with water samples from natural water bodies. Dechlorinated tap water was used as the control medium. The results showed that metabolism of crustaceans leads to an increase in the concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in all forms, the appearance of protein and carbohydrate fractions, and changes in the composition of lipid fractions in the water conditioned by their colonies. The contents of all organic components are very low, which makes their identification difficult. Concentrations of substances identified in the conditioned water do not exceed those occurring in nature.     

广东坡地红壤颗粒组成状况的研究──Ⅱ.土壤颗粒组成的空间分异

讨论了广东坡地红壤类土壤颗粒组成的空间分异现象,阐述了岩性、地形条件、水文动力学对颗粒组成空间分布的影响,指出地形条件、水动力学作用对广东坡地红壤类土壤颗粒组成的影响,在很大程度上是由广东所处区域的生物气候条件决定的。     

坡地赤红壤物理退化及其机理研究──Ⅲ.土壤物理退化机理分析

主要通过相关统计和综合分析,探讨坡地赤红壤物理退化的内部和外部环境的影响因素．指出养分贫瘠化,尤其是贫有机质化是坡地赤红壤物理性状退化的主要内部原因,植被破坏则是坡地赤红壤物理性状退化的外部因素、而人类活动的影响对坡地赤红壤的物理退化有重要作用。