长三角地区能源消费与区域发展相互关系及其影响因素

以长三角地区上海、江苏和浙江3省市为研究对象,运用Johansen协整检验、向量误差修正模型（VEC）和Granger因果检验等方法分析能源消费与经济发展的相互关系,并利用LMDI方法对3省市1995~2007年的能源强度进行分解分析,得到能源消费与区域发展关系的影响因素。结果表明：近年来长三角能源消费形势严峻,并较多地受到产业结构调整的影响。上海和江苏的能源消费在一定程度上拉动了经济发展,但是随着产业结构的调整,上海工业结构的调整促进了能源强度降低,而江苏却正好相反。近年来,浙江省的经济发展对能源消费的影响比较显著,随着该省工业规模扩大,能源强度有所升高,但是其产业结构的调整有利于降低能源强度。     

城乡一体化发展视角下的区域空间结构构建——以淮安市为例

概括了城市与区域发展关系的6种空间结构模式,分别是：单极中心城市带动的空间结构、点 轴式空间结构带动的空间结构、城乡融合区的空间结构、三维城乡合作带动的空间结构、田园城市带动的空间结构和都市圈带动的空间结构;分析这些模式的适用条件和对城乡一体发展的效应。然后,分析淮安城乡发展的现状空间结构特征,即全市区域空间结构处于极核与点轴并重发展阶段,乡镇人口规模小,经济实力弱,基础设施建设滞后等,导致城乡一体化发展水平低。针对这样的状况,提出淮安城乡一体化发展的空间结构思路是：推进由点 轴式结构向网络式结构的尽快转变;在大力建设中心城市的同时,积极建设片区重点中心镇;建立城乡统筹发展的规划机制,以保证一体化发展规划的高质量实施     

新型高效氟吸附剂的研究进展

综述了共沉淀法和负载法制备的两类高效氟吸附剂,分别介绍了氟吸附剂的制备路线、吸附原理及结构性能,重点阐述了具有高效氟吸附能力的载体结构、修饰基团,并据此展望了新型高效除氟材料的发展方向。     

Four Decades of Plant Community Change in the Alpine Tundra of Southwest Yukon,Canada

Repeat measurements from long-term plots provide precise data for studying plant community change. In 2010, we visited a remote location in Yukon, Canada, where a detailed survey of alpine tundra communities was conducted in 1968. Plant community composition was resurveyed on the same four slopes using the same methods as the original study. Species richness and diversity increased significantly over the 42 years and non-metric multidimensional scaling indicated that community composition had also changed significantly. However, the direction and magnitude of change varied with aspect. Dominant species were not replaced or eliminated but, instead, declined in relative importance. Fine-scale changes in vegetation were evident from repeat photography and dendro-ecological analysis of erect shrubs, supporting the community-level analysis. The period of study corresponds to a mean annual temperature increase of 2°C, suggesting that climate warming has influenced these changes.     

Incidence of thyroid disease following exposure to polybrominated biphenyls and polychlorinated biphenyls, Michigan, 1974-2006

Thyroid hormones, which influence body metabolism and development, could be affected by persistent organic pollutants. We sought to examine the relationship between polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and thyroid disease. We employed incidence density sampling to perform a nested case control analysis of the Michigan Long-Term PBB Cohort. Cohort members (n = 3333) were exposed to PBBs through contaminated cattle feed in 1973-1974 and to PCBs through daily life. Those with detectable serum PBB and PCB concentrations at enrollment were categorized into tertiles of PBB and PCB exposure. Case-patients were cohort members answering “Yes” to “Has a healthcare provider ever told you that you had a thyroid problem?” during follow-up interviews; control-patients were cohort members answering “No”. We used odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to compare odds of thyroid disease by PBB and PCB exposure and by various risk factors. Total cumulative thyroid disease incidence after 33 years was 13.9% among women and 2.6% among men. After adjusting for body mass index, we found no statistically significant differences in odds of any type of thyroid disease among women or men with elevated PBB or PCB exposure. Compared to control-patients, women with thyroid disease had increased odds of being overweight/obese (OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.94-4.11) and developing infertility (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.08-2.69), diabetes (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.04-2.51), or arthritis (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.18-2.50) during follow-up. Additional research should explore potential associations between PBBs/PCBs and thyroid disease among children exposed in utero.     

The measurement of place attachment: Personal,community, and environmental connections

Place attachment has been researched extensively in the social and behavioural sciences over the past two decades. However, it is challenging for researchers to assimilate the mixed messages presented in the place attachment literature and to understand the multiple place attachment terms. In this study, a four-dimensional model of rural landholder attachments to their natural resource management region was conceptually and empirically developed with the aim of developing an integrated approach to the measurement of place attachment that clearly distinguishes between different elements of place scholarship. A 29-item place attachment scale with the dimensions of place identity, place dependence, nature bonding, and social bonding was tested on a random sample of rural landholders in the Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia (N = 320). The majority of respondents were male (69.3%) and the average age was 59 years. The scale was reduced to 20-items and then administered simultaneously and in the same response format to rural landholders in two other areas of South Australia: the Northern and Yorke region (N = 664) and South Australian Murray-Darling Basin region (N = 659). In both studies, the majority of respondents were male (85%) and the average age was 55 years. Exploratory factor and reliability analyses of Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges and Northern and Yorke datasets produced a five-dimensional model of place attachment with high reliabilities. Social bonding divided into the constructs of family bonding and friend bonding. The refined five-dimensional model was then examined for convergent validity, with moderate but significant correlations found between individual attachment constructs and dependent variables expected to be related to the construct, such as place identity and length of residence, and nature bonding and time currently spent in nature. We used confirmatory factor analysis to test the goodness-of-fit of the South Australian Murray-Darling Basin (SAMDB) dataset to the proposed five-dimensional model and then compared its fit to the traditional two-dimensional model of place identity and place dependence. The five-dimensional model provided moderate fit for the SAMDB data. We conclude with a discussion of the validity and reliability of the five-dimensional model and its future role in place attachment research.     

基于SSM方法的黑龙江省入境旅游产业结构分析

以相关入境旅游统计数据为基础,运用转移—份额分析法,对2002—2007年黑龙江省入境旅游产业结构进行了分析。结果表明,黑龙江省入境旅游产业发展速度高于全国水平,产业结构较好,但总体竞争力不强。在此基础上,针对产业中的优势部门、增长部门和劣势部门提出了相应的对策和建议。     

混凝土结构使役环境中氯离子浓度控制系统设计

本文结合湖北省自然科学基金项目"混凝土结构使役环境的智能模拟(2008CDB396)",在前期"211工程"项目"单轴约束可调式混凝土温度应力试验机"研究基础上,针对现有混凝土耐久性试验机在侵蚀溶液注入与氯离子浓度控制环境的空白,采用C51单片机为控制器,设计了一种混凝土结构使役环境中氯离子浓度控制系统,用于自动调节混凝土耐久性实验,模拟实验环境箱内的侵蚀溶液氯离子浓度,保证混凝土耐久性实验试件所处环境氯离子浓度稳定在设定的范围。系统采用溶液缓冲调节与循环注入方式,控制单元采用直读式离子浓度控制器,信号采集更方便。本系统不仅结构简洁,工作可靠性高,还能减少人力浪费,提高运行经济性。     

论经济发展和环境保护双赢——以秦皇岛经济技术开发区为例

秦皇岛经济技术开发区经济迅猛发展,为避免走发达国家"先污染,后治理"的老路,必须以科学发展观为导向,优化产业结构,提高资源利用效率,节能减排,加强工业污染源的治理,完善基础设施建设,实现企业清洁生产,建立生态工业园区,以生态文明建设为引领,不断提升循环经济水平和持续发展能力,从而达到提高人民生活水平和改善人民生活环境的目的。     

Effects of a chelating resin on metal bioavailability and toxicity to estuarine invertebrates: Divergent results of field and laboratory tests

Benthic invertebrates can uptake metals through diffusion of free ion solutes, or ingestion of sediment-bound forms. This study investigated the efficacy of the metal chelating resin SIR 300™ in adsorbing porewater metals and isolating pathways of metal exposure. A field experiment (Botany Bay, Sydney, Australia) and a laboratory toxicity test each manipulated the availability of porewater metals within contaminated and uncontaminated sediments. It was predicted that within contaminated sediments, the resin would adsorb porewater metals and reduce toxicity to invertebrates, but in uncontaminated sediments, the resin would not significantly affect these variables. Whereas in the laboratory, the resin produced the predicted results, in the field the resin increased porewater metal concentrations of contaminated sediments for at least 34 days and decreased abundances of four macroinvertebrate groups, and richness in all sediments. These contrasting findings highlight the limits of extrapolating the results of laboratory experiments to the field environment.