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631.
炭素石墨制品生产过程中产生的石墨化废旧辅料,在炭素行业是最有开发潜力的固体废物。通过初加工可实现回收利用,经研制开发新产品可实现综合利用。该综合利用方法表明,在实现综合利用中可获得大的经济效益和可观的社会效益。 相似文献
632.
固体废物统一管理是通过对企业各种废物进行调查、摸底,确定出企业固体废物的种类及各种固体废物的产生量,通过对固体废物进行分类,实施科学的》三层把关" 管理制度,有效地杜绝了企业有害废物及无任何利用和再生价值的固体废物( 即暂时不能利用的固体废物) 外排的失控性,大大减少了环境污染负荷,使企业排污费逐年减少。 相似文献
633.
对应用定量构效关系及替代生物种间相关方法估算有机污染物的毒性进行了评述,结果表明,对以非反应性毒性机理起主导作用的大量不同的有机污染物,定量构效关系及替代生物种间相关方法预测毒性均非常成功。同时指出了所讨论的每一种方法的优点与不足。 相似文献
634.
淮南市淮河水域水源保护与防治对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据淮河水环境的特点,对水域现状和污染源现状进行了分析,通过对水源保护功能的划分,提出了防治对策和综合整治措施。 相似文献
635.
636.
Macken A Giltrap M Foley B McGovern E McHugh B Davoren M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(3):627-637
This paper describes the ecotoxicological evaluation of five organic contaminants frequently detected in marine sediments (tributyltin, triphenyltin, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, and PCB 153) using three marine species (Vibrio fischeri, Tetraselmis suecica, and Tisbe battagliai). The sensitivity of each species varied for all compounds. The triorganotins were consistently the most toxic to all species. The applicability of each test system to assess the acute toxicity of environmental contaminants and their use in Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) is discussed. Suitability of the Microtox and T. battagliai tests for employment in TIE studies were further assessed through spiking experiments with tributyltin. Results demonstrated that the most effective treatment to remove organotin toxicity from the sample was the C18 resin. The results of this study have important implications for risk assessment in estuarine and coastal waters in Ireland, where, at present the monitoring of sediment and water quality is predominantly reliant on chemical analysis alone. 相似文献
637.
638.
Identifying the cause of toxicity in an algal whole effluent toxicity study - an unanticipated toxicant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Toxicity was observed in whole effluent toxicity (WET) studies with the freshwater alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, in three consecutive monthly studies, (NOEC = 50-75%). Toxicity was not observed to Ceriodaphnia dubia or the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas in concurrent studies. Selected toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) tests were conducted in a tiered approach to eliminate possible toxicants and progressively identify the causative agent. Filtration following alkaline adjustment (pH 10 or 11) was effective in eliminating significant growth effects and also reduced phosphate concentration. The TIE studies confirmed that the observed effluent toxicity was caused by excess ortho-phosphate in the effluent not by overstimulation or related to unfavorable N:P ratios; but due to direct toxicity. The 96-h 25% inhibition concentration (IC25) of ortho-phosphate to P. subcapitata was 3.4 mg L−1 while the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration was 4.8 mg L−1. This study illustrates the value of multi-species testing and also provides an example of an effective TIE using algae identifying an unanticipated toxicant. 相似文献
639.
采用新型反应器及胶凝除硅、直接酸溶重结晶、直接煅烧等技术对二氧化锆的生产工艺进行了改革 ,降低了原材料消耗及能耗 ,减少了废液排放量 ,并将回收的废物加工成副产品白炭黑 ,在生产过程中防治污染。 相似文献
640.
The degradation and detoxification performance of ozonation in treating pentachlorophenol (PCP) contaminated wastewater was determined. All experiments were conducted in a bench scale glass column equipped with ceramic diffuser and a lab-scale ozone generator under ambient temperature and pH 7. The decomposition rate of PCP in this study was primarily controlled by the ozone mass transfer rate from gas to liquid phases. Principal intermediates found were 2,3,4,6- and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenols (TeCP) and phenol. PCP seems to be more vulnerable to ozone than its intermediates. A bioluminescence technique was used to evaluate the toxicity of PCP with Vibrio fisheri NRRL B-11177 as the test bacterium, and the EC(50) of PCP was found to be 1.0 mg l(-1). Detoxification occurred as the PCP and TeCP reacted with ozone and decomposed to less chlorinated congeners and phenol. 相似文献