冷摆辗组合凹模的设计计算

模具寿命是冷摆辗的关键问题之一,增加模具强度就能显著地提高模具寿命.目前国内外都采用组合凹模来增加模具强度.此文针对摆动辗压设备的结构特点,应用弹性力学的厚壁圆筒理论以及结构力学的最大剪应力强度理论,对冷摆辗组合凹模的优化设计进行了探讨.     

飞边量可控的模锻设计技术及其在生产中的应用

此文介绍了一种先使材料充满型腔,然后再让剩余材料流出型腔形成飞边的模缎设计方法。这与先使部分材料流出型腔形成少量飞边,然后利用飞边桥部的阻流作用使材料充满型腔的传统方法完全不同。这两种不同的流动方式可分别称为“先内后外”式(IN-OUT)和“先外后内”式(OUT-IN)。为了实现“先内后外”流动方式,此文采用了反向模拟的技术。文章介绍了有关反向模拟技术的一些问题。为了实现模拟工作的自动化,提出了一种模拟复合块的技术。一个复杂的锻件,只须划分成几个复合块,然后开动第一个复合块,模拟就自动地依次传递进行下去。此文叙述的全部模拟做法都已经过了生产实验。     

合建式完全混合曝气池处理能力评价及改造初探

根据生物曝气池几年来的运行实践，对其主要设计参数进行复核，为了达到设计处理能力，对生化曝气池的改造提出个人的看法并做初步探讨     

Inherently safer design review and their timing during chemical process development and design

This paper discusses the enhancement of inherent safety review and its implementation in the chemical process development and design. The aim is to update and improve the existing inherently safer design review (ISDR) practices during design of chemical process plant by exploiting major accident cases from the U.S. Chemical Safety Board (CSB) and Failure Knowledge Database (FKD). Although the basic guidelines to conduct ISDR during design phase are available, however they are too general and incomplete. The review criteria and their best timing for application are still missing. This paper attempts to develop the accident-based ISDR for chemical process plant design. The proposed accident-based ISDR is supported with detail review criteria for each phase of process design. The timing of ISDR application is corresponding to the common design tasks and decisions made in the design project. Therefore, timely design review could be done at the specific design task and the findings help designer to make a correct decision making.     

职业安全专业软件的应用及其产业化发展

概略介绍了国内外各类安全应用软件,并对安全软件产业化进行了实例分析,总结了安全软件产业发展的特点,并对我国安全软件的产业化提出了若干建议。     

大气污染物等浓度曲线画法初探

介绍一种环境影响评价中大气污染物等浓度曲线的画法，可用于绘制任意接近的等浓度曲线而不会相交或相切，运算量较小且与图形大小无关。     

Adaptation pathways in planning for uncertain climate change: Applications in Portugal,the Czech Republic and the Netherlands

Adaptation pathways are developed to design adaptive policies to handle climate change uncertainty. Use of this tool varies across planning practices and adaptation challenges and adjusting the tool to particular practices can foster its adequate use. To gain insight into the use of adaptation pathways, we compared four initiatives (one each in Portugal and the Czech Republic and two in the Netherlands) with regard to design choices made. We found six design choices which need to be considered when adjusting adaptation pathways. Design choices about the geographic scale, inclusion of sectors, the generation and delineation of adaptation options, specification of possible pathways, the related performance metrics and the type of assessment are interdependent, but they are also influenced by contextual aspects. Analysis of the institutional diversity, planning culture and framing shows that the use of adaptation pathways is flexible enough to be adjusted for diverging planning practices. However, the tool is best suited to deliver local adaptation solutions, and adequate use depends on consensus about the adaptation problem, setting objective thresholds and determining uncertainty about future change. We conclude that understanding the customised use of tools for local planning practices is essential for adaptive policy design.     

硐室爆破中安全填塞长度设计原则的研究

通过分析药室体积和药室横断面积，应用气体运动相似的特性，推导出一种新的硐室爆破填塞长度设计原则，并给出了计算实例     

Brushland fire-management policies: A cross-impact simulation of southern California

A cross-impact simulation computer language, UW-KSIM, is presented as a potentially useful technique for assessing the consequences of resource policies. Cross-impact simulation is used to estimate trends in a set of variables that result from interactions produced from hypothesized relationships among the members of the set. This technique is illustrated with an example that simulates the likely impacts of a 20-year rotation burn policy in southern California's brushland watersheds and that compares the results to a simulated representation of the observed effects of the fire-exclusion policy. Simulated losses under the fire-exclusion policy were up to 300% higher than those produced by the rotation burn policy. Similarly, the simulated average area burned per year was reduced from 5.6% of the study area under the fire-exclusion policy to 2% of the study area under the rotation burn policy. A corresponding reduction in simulated appropriations for fighting wildfires was also demonstrated.     

Evaluating aquacultural use of thermal effluents: An application of system dynamics to environmental problem solving

Given the ecological burden imposed by power plants located in the coastal zone, efforts to improve the marginal benefits realized from their operation are warranted. Indeed, if this source of environmental pollution can be utilized to compensate for past ecological damage, then the benefits will be magnified many-fold.This study addresses the economic feasibility of utilizing heated effluent water from power plants to invigorate the growth of oysters raised under controlled conditions. The preliminary findings indicate that given proper combinations of system capacity, supplemental nutrient supplies, sea water flow and temperature gradients, such an operation is feasible.This is also a demonstration of a viable application of a sophisticated computer modeling approach to environmental problems. System Dynamics a technique pioneered at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is applied to evaluate the physical, biological, and economic interrelationships of the aquacultural system variables. It offers many advantages for the environmental manager and researcher, a number of which are realized in the present investigation.