Change in frontline supervisors’ safety leadership practices after participating in a leadership training program: Does company size matter?

Introduction: The majority of construction companies are small businesses and small business often lack the resources needed to ensure that their supervisors have the safety leadership skills to build and maintain a strong jobsite safety climate. The Foundations for Safety Leadership (FSL) training program was designed to provide frontline leaders in all sized companies with safety leadership skills. This paper examines the impact of the FSL training by size of business. Methods: Leaders, defined as foremen or other frontline supervisors, from small, medium, and large construction companies were recruited to participate in a study to evaluate the degree to which the FSL changed their understanding and use of the leadership skills, safety practices and crew reporting of safety-related conditions. We used linear mixed modeling methods to analyze pre-post training survey data. Results: Prior to the training, leaders from small and medium sized companies reported using safety leadership skills less frequently than those from large ones. After the training, regardless of business size, we observed that the FSL training improved leaders understanding of safety leadership skills from immediately before to immediately after the training. Additionally, leaders reported greater use of safety leadership skills, safety practices, and crew reporting of safety-related conditions from before to two-weeks after the training. However, those from small and medium sized companies reported the greatest improvement in their use of safety leadership skills. Conclusions: The FSL training improves safety leadership outcomes regardless of the size company for which the leader worked. However, the FSL may be even more effective at improving the safety leadership skills of leaders working for smaller sized construction companies or those with lower baseline levels of safety leadership skills. Practical applications: The majority of construction companies employ a small number of employees and therefore may not have the resources to provide their frontline leaders with the leadership training they need to be effective leaders who can create a strong jobsite safety climate. The Foundations for Safety Leadership (FSL) training can help fill this gap.     

论循环型城市的法制建设

循环型城市是循环经济理论应用到城市的具体体现,循环型城市的建设战略要通过正确的法律法规贯彻执行。文章分析了循环型城市法制建设的必要性和原则,重点论述了循环型城市法制建设的具体措施。     

Data mining for occupational injuries in the Taiwan construction industry

There is a higher rate of occupational injury in the construction industry than most other industries on average. However, steps can be taken to reduce worker risk through effective injury prevention strategies. In this article, association rule mining is employed in identifying the characteristics of occupational injuries in the construction industry. Accident reports during the period 1999–2004 are extracted from case reports of the Northern Region Inspection Office of the Council of Labor Affairs of Taiwan. In addition to general factors, several factors related to weather conditions are included in this article. The results show that there are some patterns of occupational injuries in the construction industry. The effect of rain on the occurrence of fatalities is of great significance. Proposed inspection plans should be in accordance with the type of construction and environmental evaluation. The findings identified in this article provide a direction for more effective inspection strategies and injury prevention programs.     

燃煤电厂建设项目环境监理实践与探析

简述了燃煤电厂项目工程特点与环境监理现状,结合燃煤电厂环境监理工作的实践,主要归纳总结了对燃煤电厂建设项目施工阶段环境监理的主要内容和方法,并提出了深刻领会环评及其批复要求的精神实质,编写好环境监理方案和环境监理实施细则;全面细化环评报告书及其批复提出的要求,逐一核实实施情况;不断深化环境监理的内容,确保各项环保措施落实到位,保证各类环保设施运行效果的建议.     

南京市建筑扬尘排放清单研究

统计分析了2010年南京市各行政区建筑场地面积和工期,结合扬尘排放因子,建立了南京市建筑扬尘排放清单。研究表明,2010年南京市建筑扬尘TSP、PM10和PM2．5的排放量分别达2．53万t、1．40万t和0．95万t,占工业烟（粉）尘排放量的23％、13％和8．6％。郊区县建筑扬尘排放量较大,约占全市 TSP、PM10、PM2．5排放总量的72％;主城区排放强度较高。对不同建筑工程类型扬尘排放量估算表明,城市建设工程和市政工程是建筑扬尘的主要来源,城市建设工程中又以住宅类建设工程为主。对不同研究获得的建筑扬尘结果比较,发现扬尘排放因子选择和污染源活动水平统计是影响建筑扬尘结果的关键因素。     

关于核燃料循环建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测的思考

针对核燃料循环建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测活动中存在的问题作探讨,明确了验收监测活动的起点,建议加强验收监测方案编制的培训。指出应重视流出物的持续监测和环保设施运行效率的验证,验收监测方案应参考环评文件中的环境监测计划,结合设施运行后的现状合理编制,并重视与污染源项有关的其他监测问题。提出了进一步完善核燃料循环标准体系、持续加强环保验收能力建设等建议。     

Hydrogen sulphide removal from landfill gas

Control of odours should be considered to be a fundamental issue in order to site, design and manage sanitary landfills. With regard to construction and demolition (C&;D) debris, landfilling was the mainly adopted solution in many European Countries; in particular, gypsum drywalls can produce high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) in landfill gas ranging from 7 ppm to 100 ppm. In some cases also dangerous concentrations until to 12,000 ppm were detected. In this paper H₂S removal efficiency in a lab-scale vertical packed scrubber was investigated. Hydrogen sulphide abatement was evaluated for inlet H₂S concentrations of 1000–100–10 ppm, adjusting scrubbing liquid pH in the range 9–12.5 by means of caustic soda (NaOH 2N solution). Moreover, best operating conditions for the system were defined as well as H₂S abatement along the tower and liquid recirculation effectiveness in case of inlet H₂S concentration of 10 ppm (typical odour concentration). Results showed that pH of 11.5 in scrubbing liquid could be considered the best value for removal of different inlet H₂S concentrations, also taking into account parasitical consumption of NaOH due to CO₂ absorption. Moreover, in case of continuous working of the system at H₂S concentration of 10 ppm, strong removal efficiency was already obtained with a packed bed height of about 70 cm. Significant performances were ensured after 1 h of constant activity, consuming about 3 ml of soda per cubic meter of polluted air. Subsequently liquid blowdown was necessary.     

建筑施工过程中环境保护措施应用研究

在改革开放高速的社会发展环境下,各行各业都在不断的变化,随着我国经济与科技的飞速发展,我国对各行业的环境保护越发重视,其中建筑行业是环境保护中的重要一环。本文对于建筑施工过程中环境保护技术的重要性进行了阐述,研究现代房建工程施工中普遍存在的环境问题,从而提出改善方案,保障建筑施工过程中环境保护技术措施的有效应用。     

沈阳市地铁一号线项目施工期环境影响及对策研究

通过对沈阳地铁一号钱施工期产生的环境影响综合分析,研究该项目在建设中产生的噪声、振动、废水、废气及固体废弃物等污染物产生的规律和发生量,并提出缓解和控制环境影响的措施。     

The association between subcontractor safety management programs and worker perceived safety climate in commercial construction projects

Problem: Safety management programs (SMPs) are designed to mitigate risk of workplace injuries and create a safe working climate. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the relationship between contractors’ SMPs and workers’ perceived safety climate and safety behaviors among small and medium-sized construction subcontractors. Methods: Subcontractor SMP scores on 18 organizational and project-level safety items were coded from subcontractors’ written safety programs and interviews. Workers completed surveys to report perceptions of their contractor’s safety climate and the safety behaviors of coworkers, crews, and themselves. The associations between SMP scores and safety climate and behavior scales were examined using Spearman correlation and hierarchical linear regression models (HLM). Results: Among 78 subcontractors working on large commercial construction projects, we found striking differences in SMP scores between small, medium, and large subcontractors (p < 0.001), related to a number of specific safety management practices. We observed only weak relationships between SMP scales and safety climate scores reported by 746 workers of these subcontractors (β = 0.09, p = 0.04 by HLM). We saw no differences in worker reported safety climate and safety behaviors by contractor size. Discussion: SMP only weakly predicted safety climate scales of subcontractors, yet there were large differences in the quality and content of SMPs by size of employers. Summary: Future work should determine the best way to measure safety performance of construction companies and determine the factors that can lead to improved safety performance of construction firms. Practical applications: Our simple assessment of common elements of safety management programs used document review and interviews with knowledgeable representatives. These methods identified specific safety management practices that differed between large and small employers. In order to improve construction safety, it is important to understand how best to measure safety performance in construction companies to gain knowledge for creating safer work environments.