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821.
822.
除尘效率是衡量废气污染原治理设备性能的重要指标。因现场监测条件的制约,会出现除尘系统进出口烟气流量差距过大的现象,由此不能真实反映除尘系统的状况。本文通过对实测数据的分析说明:对高效率除尘器而言,进出口烟气流量相关1-1.5倍时,对除尘效率的计算可视为无影响。 相似文献
823.
覃频频 《中国安全科学学报》2007,17(1):172-176
针对交通领域中的事件检测(无事件模式和事件模式)模式识别问题,描述了支持向量机(SVM)支持的基本方法,建立了基于线性(linear function)、多项式(polynomial function)和径向基(radial basis function)3种核函数的事件检测SVM模型。采用高速公路路段I-880线圈数据集和事件数据集验证模型,结果发现:无论对于向北、向南或混合方向的事件检测,在3个SVM模型中,SVM(P)检测效果最好,SVM(L)最差。SVM算法具有避免局部最小,实现全局最优化,更好的泛化效果的优点,是高速公路事件检测的一种很有潜力的算法。 相似文献
824.
Van Butsic Noelwah R. Netusil 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2007,43(3):622-629
Abstract: This paper uses the hedonic price method to estimate the value of an acre‐foot of irrigation water in Douglas County, Oregon. The analysis uses detailed information from 113 arms‐length transactions of farmland for 2000 and 2001. The estimated willingness‐to‐accept of $261 to sell an acre‐foot of irrigation water is consistent with other studies and recent transactions in the study area. Estimates for the value of leasing water are provided using a range of discount rates and leasing periods. 相似文献
825.
826.
Konstantine Drakonakis Katherine Rostkowski Jason Rauch T.E. Graedel R.B. Gordon 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2007,49(4):406-420
A detailed inventory shows that an average resident of the City of New Haven depends on a per capita capital stock of 9200 kg/c of iron and 144 kg/c of copper in the city infrastructure, buildings, transportation systems, and equipment. Of the iron stock 28% is in items such as rail cars and ships in ocean trade not permanently within the city, and 22% is devoted to receiving and delivering oil fuel to the city and its surrounding communities. Copper is principally used in the distribution of electric power and in water piping within buildings. The city's 9200 kg/c of iron stock-in-use is less than the 13,000 kg/c national average due to New Haven's lack of heavy industry and relatively small number of large buildings. The 144 kg/c of copper stock-in-use is only 58% of the overall value for the United States, but is comparable to that in cities such as Stockholm, Sweden. Attainment of a level of iron and copper services with contemporary technology in less developed countries to the level enjoyed in New Haven would require consumption of the presently identified world copper resources. 相似文献
827.
Stuart S. Schwartz 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2007,43(6):1583-1594
Abstract: The subjective nature of graphical base‐flow separation combined with the many applications of base‐flow time series derived from continuous streamflow data, motivates the development and application of automated algorithms for heuristic base‐flow separation. Base‐flow time series derived from gauged streamflow support diverse applications in engineering hydrology, catchment analysis, hydrogeologic investigations, regional low‐flow analysis, and recharge estimation. Whether based on graphical procedures for recession analysis or analytical expressions derived from fundamental equations of ground‐water flow, the variety of base‐flow separation algorithms belies the array of base‐flow definitions and interpretations that variously refer to dominant process, source, flow path, and characteristic response time. Algorithms that are invariant in their consistent – though heuristic – characterization of base‐flow response are particularly useful for interbasin comparisons of low‐flow characteristics and hydrologic regionalization. More adaptable algorithms provide application‐specific flexibility in allocating flow components like interflow to either quickflow or slowflow. Four widely used algorithms that produce consistent base‐flow time series using only gauged streamflow records are compared and contrasted with a complementary heuristic algorithm that incorporates hydrologic judgment explicitly, through manual parameterization. The utility of these inherently subjective algorithms is illustrated through a simple example of flow phase separation in a two‐component end‐member mixing model of dissolved chlorides in the Cuyahoga River. 相似文献
828.
Over-allocation of irrigation water has led to widespread environmental degradation in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) in Australia,
prompting discussions of the water efficiency performance of irrigated industries. There is increasing pressure for irrigators
to adopt water efficient practices in line with ecologically sustainable principles, especially with current drought conditions.
However, there is great uncertainty surrounding the available practices to improve irrigation efficiency from both ecological
and economic standpoints. This paper examines the economic and environmental impact of several possible water efficient practices
and government policies, using an interdisciplinary approach combining biophysical modelling and economic modelling. This
is done for the case-study of the Mooki catchment in the MDB, located in northern New South Wales, Australia. 相似文献
829.
The complexity of the evacuation process is associated with the flow of occupants through various egresses available inside the building. Several methods and algorithms are now available to analyse the problem related to evacuation. In the present paper an algorithm, evacuation discrete time model (EDTM) has been presented to analyse the building egress evacuation time problem with previous works. The algorithm is based on the crowd flow theory and uses discrete computational approach to identify various widths of egresses available for movement of the people, which is more accurate and practicable because the crowd flow rate is variable. The developed model has been compared with an existing model to show the capabilities of the developed algorithm. A case of stadium stand egress is chose for the validity of EDTM, and a comparison of EDTM, previous model and computer simulation indicates that both the EDTM and the simulation curves were found to give better predictions than the previous model. Based upon the comparison analysis with stranded crowd and evacuation crowd at a certain time, EDTM shows great value in explaining the cause of stampede-trampling and crushing incident of egress or narrow passage zone. 相似文献
830.