Research and practice on fluctuation water injection technology at low permeability coal seam

In order to solve the problem of poor affusion effect on low permeability coal seam, the paper analyzes the micro process of the coal seam water infusion in wetting coal and determines the main factors affecting coal seam water infusion. The permeability of the NO.3 coal seam in east working face of Xingcun coal mine by MTS815.03 servo-controlled rock mechanical test system has been tested. Results show that when the peak stress in coal sample specimens reaches 48.53 MPa, permeability ranges from 0.5158 to 2.9576 × 10⁻⁸ Darcy, and it means that the coal seam is low in permeability and difficult in water injection. Based on the characteristics of low permeability and geostress situation, efficient fluctuation water injection technology with permeable agent and relevant process parameters have been designed. The surface tension of the permeable agent developed here is 31.18 m N/m when mass concentration reaches 0.05%. The permeable agent can permeate into 2 cm thick coal layer completely in 10 s, thus improving the wettability of water effectively and the water injection pressure fluctuates between 7 MPa and 25 MPa. The application of the technique in the 3rd coal seam in east working face of Xingcun coal mine shows not only single-arch injection experienced a significant increase on average, from no more than 10 m³ to 63.3886 m³, but also the effect of dust fall, cooling and rock burst prevention is remarkable.     

广州某商业中心雨水回收利用设计

以某商业中心为例,介绍了屋面雨水回收用于空调冷却塔补水的设计。根据广州地区雨水资源丰富、水质良好及工程项目的特点,确定了雨水回收范围、回收用途,并进行了月均水量平衡计算。经济效益分析表明,该系统每年可节约市政供水34000m^3,经济效益和环境效益显著。     

燃煤电厂“烟塔合一”技术环境防护距离估算

介绍了国内燃煤电厂＂烟塔合一＂技术的应用现状,结合实际情况阐述了＂烟塔合一＂环境防护距离设置的必要性,列举工程实例说明现阶段大气环境防护距离估算方法。     

钢铁工业硫酸酸洗废液的处理

采用冷冻结晶法和催化氧化法2种工艺对衡阳钢管厂酸洗废液进行处理,在工艺调试的基础上得出了2种工艺各自的最佳运行参数.运行结果表明,调酸-冷冻结晶法处理废酸后,再生废酸可满足回用要求,催化氧化法生产的聚合硫酸铁也满足<净水剂聚合硫酸铁>(GB14591-2006)I型标准.     

Seed selections for crystallization of calcium phosphate for phosphorus recovery

Seed induces and promotes the crystallization of calcium phosphate, and acts as carrier of the recovered phosphorus （P）. In order to select suitable seed for P recovery from wastewater, three seeds including Apatite （AP）, Juraperle （JP） and phosphate-modified Juraperle （M-JP） were tested and compared. Batch and fixed-bed column experiments of seeded crystallization of calcium phosphate were undertaken by using synthetic wastewater with 10 mg/L P phosphate. It shows that AP has bad enduring property in the crystallization process, while JP has better performance for multiple uses, and M-JP is a hopeful seed for P recovery by crystallization of calcium phosphate.     

化铣废液中铝离子快速结晶去除的工艺研究

采用L1(64)5正交试验法,优化化铣废液中铝离子快速结晶去除的工艺。结果表明:稀释倍数和晶种添加量是显著性影响因素;最优工艺组合为:化铣废液稀释1.2倍至铝离子浓度为41.43 g/L;添加与溶液中铝离子比例成0.3:1的氢氧化铝晶种;温度控制在35℃;机械搅拌转速100 r/min;搅拌时间为1 h/d。反应48 h后,化铣废液中铝离子浓度从41.43 g/L降至30.10 g/L,铝离子去除效率为27.35%,化铣废液达到再生回用要求。     

T酸废母液蒸氨预处理的动力学研究

为了有效降低经络合萃取处理后的T酸废母液中氨氮和总氮的浓度,为后续生物处理创造条件,对T酸母液进行Fenton氧化和蒸氨预处理,讨论了Fenton氧化、pH值、气液比、温度和反应时间对氨氮和总氮去除效果的影响.结果表明,Fenton氧化降低了T酸废母液的氨氮浓度,有利于氨氮和总氮的去除,去除率增幅明显.蒸氨过程中,氨氮和总氮的去除率随着pH值、温度和气液比的增大而升高,在pH值为11,气液比为3000,温度为95℃的条件下反应120min,氨氮去除率大于99%,总氮去除率大于97%.蒸氨预处理的氨氮去除动力学方程符合一级反应动力学,反应速率常数为k=0.00883min-1.反应的阿伦尼乌斯方程为:ln(k)=-1.97161-1016.5026/RT,R2=0.9959,反应活化能为8451.20J/mol,指前因子为0.139min-1.蒸氨是处理高氨氮T酸废母液有效手段,有工业应用价值.     

低温结晶净化柠檬酸盐解吸贫液中硫酸根

在柠檬酸盐吸收—解吸脱硫技术中,完成循环吸收过程的吸收液由于烟气杂质催化和高温解吸变成了含低二氧化硫浓度、中高硫酸根浓度、多种有机酸共存的柠檬酸盐解吸贫液,造成吸收效率下降、SO2平衡容量严重降低,必须进行溶液净化,特别是净化硫酸根。针对这一问题,实验室采用低温结晶法净化柠檬酸盐脱硫解吸贫液模拟液,通过对溶液中硫酸根浓度分析,研究了不同反应时间、温度、初始硫酸根浓度、柠檬酸根总浓度和溶液pH对硫酸根去除效率的影响。结果表明,硫酸根去除率与冷冻温度和溶液pH有关。在柠檬酸根总浓度1.5 mol/L,初始硫酸根浓度40 g/L,冷冻温度3℃,pH 4.5的条件下,可将硫酸根净化至16.9 g/L。     

碳酸钙诱导结晶动力学影响因素研究

碳酸钙诱导结晶速率受到水中多种因素的影响,采用pH-stat法对pH值、过饱和度、钙和镁离子活度和金属离子（铁、锰）等因素对碳酸钙诱导结晶速率的影响进行研究.结果表明,当pH值在8.0~10.0之间,过饱和度在1.4~4.03之间时,碳酸钙诱导结晶速率随着pH值的增大或者过饱和度的增大而增大,当钙离子和镁离子活度在0~1.18之间时,碳酸钙的结晶速率随着镁离子的增多而降低.碳酸钙结晶速率介于1.0×10^-10m/s~5.0×10^-10m/s.铁离子和锰离子的存在会促进碳酸钙的诱导结晶过程,且铁离子和锰离子同时存在时碳酸钙结晶速率高于其单独存在时碳酸钙的结晶速率.通过深入研究不同因素对碳酸钙诱导结晶动力学的影响,为碳酸钙结晶造粒工艺提供数据支持.     

兰州炼厂第三循环水场设计及运行

对兰州炼油厂第三循环水场的冷却塔设计、特点、仪表控制及运行考核进行了综述，五项指标合格率均达９９％