环境空气中VOC_S在线监测法与SUMMA罐采样气相色谱-质谱法比对研究

定性比较了环境空气VOCs在线监测法和SUMMA罐采样GC-MS法的基本原理、检测化合物种类和适用范围,并对标样实验、日均浓度、小时浓度从统计学角度进行了定量比对.研究表明,VOCs在线监测法监测结果与实验室方法有较好可比性,可用于相关领域VOCs的连续监控.     

铜矿尾矿库复垦种植牡丹可行性研究

对铜陵市凤凰山铜矿废弃尾矿库上复垦种植牡丹可行性进行了试验，通过合理选择不同对照地，从土壤的理化性质，被污染程度比较，为尾矿库复垦的土壤改良提供依据。并对种植的牡丹从生长情况、药用成分、微量元素含量等进行了分析了评价，认为在铜尾矿库中复垦种植的牡丹可以作为中草药。     

Improved Cu and Zn sorption on oxidized wheat lignocellulose

We studied the effect an oxidizing treatment of a lignocellulosic substrate, extracted from wheat bran, on the sorption of Cu and Zn. Oxidizing agents, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) or sodium periodate (NaIO₄), creates oxygenated functions, e.g. alcohol and carboxylic acid, which increase the density of functional sites and the binding capacity of lignocellulose towards copper and zinc. We found that the treatment with KMnO₄ is the most efficient, with an increase of about 30–40% metal ion binding, compared to 15–25% using NaIO₄. The investigation of the oxidation process shows that the efficiency of KMnO₄ can be attributed to its affinity towards insaturated double bonds of lignin entities. Oxidized lignocellulose is thus a promising, efficient, and cheap biomaterial for the decontamination of wastewater.     

在线分离富集FI分光光度法直接测定铜

本文针对ＡＡＳ法测定痕量铜时，大量铁存在表现干扰，研究并建立了流动注射（ＦＩ）在线螯合树脂分离富集光度法直接测定痕量铜的新方法，具有灵敏度高、选择性强；因此，已成功地用于水样中痕量铜的测定，该法在水质检验和环境监测中有一定的适用性．     

铜对缘管浒苔（Enteromorpha linza）的毒性效应

研究了铜对缘管浒苔（Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｍｏｒｐｈａｌｉｎｚａ）的毒性效应，试验了不同的配合剂对铜的毒性效应及累积量的影响。结果发现，铜对缘管浒苔的毒性效应阈值为０．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ；０．５０ｍｇ／ＬＣｕ￣（２＋）可使缘管浒苔迅速死亡，培养９６ｈ后光合作用强度下降为零。ＥＤＴＡ可抑制铜在藻体中的累积，缓解毒性；８－羟基喹啉则促进铜在藻体中的累积，加刷了毒性。和铜污染的培养介质短期接触（＜１ｍ后，加入足量ＥＤＴＡ，藻体生长和对照组相当，较长时间接触（＞４ｈ）后，ＥＤ－ＴＡ不能使藻恢复生长。结合ＥＤＴＡ“洗脱”实验提出，Ｃｕ￣（２＋）可能首先经离子交换机制结合于藻体表面，之后，才逐步向细胞内转移。     

网捕凝聚法处理高浓度有机络合铜废水

采用网捕凝聚法对含Cu为1730～3820mg/l、COD为3984～5480mg/l的有机络合铜废水的处理工艺条件进行了研究。经实验室放大试验表明,在严格控制pH7.0～7.5条件下,加入凝聚剂生成絮体晶核来实现网捕凝聚,可使出水中铜为0.2～2.0mg/l,然后采用生物流化床对此废水进行生物降解,可使排放水中铜和COD达到或接近排放标准。     

甲硫醇在苏玛罐及气袋中稳定性研究

以硅烷化苏玛罐和Tedlar气袋为保存容器,干燥空气为本底,利用低温冷阱浓缩-气相色谱/质谱联用法检测,研究甲硫醇气体样品在不同容器、温度和浓度等条件下的浓度变化趋势.结果表明,甲硫醇样品使用Tedlar气袋采样并在4℃环境下保存时具有相对较好的稳定性,对于浓度在约3 ppb至20 ppb的样品其保存有效期可达96 h;当有一定量的二甲二硫共存时,可延长甲硫醇的保存期限,以保证结果的有效性与准确性.     

Copper mobilization affected by weather conditions in a stormwater detention system receiving runoff waters from vineyard soils (Champagne, France)

Copper, a priority substance on the EU-Water Framework Directive list, is widely used to protect grapevines against fungus diseases. Many vineyards being located on steep slopes, large amounts of Cu could be discharged in downstream systems by runoff water. The efficiency of stormwater detention basins to retain copper in a vineyard catchment was estimated. Suspended solids, dissolved (Cu_diss) and total Cu (Cu_tot) concentrations were monitored in runoff water, upstream, into and downstream from a detention pond. Mean Cu_tot concentrations in entering water was 53.6 μg/L whereas it never exceeded 2.4 μg/L in seepage. Cu_tot concentrations in basin water (>100 μg/L in 24% of the samples) exceeded LC₅₀ values for several aquatic animals. Copper was principally sequestered by reduced compounds in the basin sediments (2/3 of Cu_tot). Metal sequestration was reversible since sediment resuspension resulted in Cu remobilization. Wind velocity controlled resuspension, explained 70% of Cu_diss variability and could help predicting Cu mobilization.     

纳米铜颗粒的种间毒性关系

纳米颗粒的种间毒性关系尚无明确结论,因此很难判断纳米颗粒对未进行毒性测试的物种的风险如何。本文作者将5种水蚤(Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex, Daphnia galeata, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Chydorus sphaericus)暴露于4种不同粒径的纳米铜颗粒(CuNPs)和1种亚微米铜颗粒的悬浊液中,考察物种的形态特征与CuNPs急性毒性的关系。结果显示,杆状的CuNPs比球状的CuNPs毒性更低。纳米铜颗粒与溶出铜离子均对CuNPs的毒性有贡献,其中,当新生蚤的体长、体表面积和身体体积更小时,5种悬浊液中颗粒的毒性更大。5种蚤的身体体积与5种CuNPs的毒性显著相关(r_adj²>0.51, p < 0.001),78-nm CuNPs与蚤身体体积的相关性最好 (r_adj²?=?0.95, p < 0.001)。这个研究可以为纳米颗粒对有相似外形特征的物种进行毒性种间外推提供线索。
精选自Lan Song, Martina G. Vijver, Geert R. de Snoo and Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg. Assessing toxicity of copper nanoparticles across five cladoceran species. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Volume 34, Issue 8, pages 1744–1750, August 2015. DOI: 10.1002/etc.3000
详情请见http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.3000/full