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151.
Kelly R. Bright Enue E. Sicairos-Ruelas Patricia M. Gundy Charles P. Gerba 《Food and environmental virology》2009,1(1):37-41
The antiviral properties of zeolite (sodium aluminosilicate) powders amended with metal ions were assessed using human coronavirus
229E, feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), and feline calicivirus F-9. Zeolites containing silver and silver/copper
caused significant reductions of coronavirus 229E after 1 h in suspension. The silver/copper combination yielded a >5.13-log10 reduction within 24 h. It was also the most effective (>3.18-log10) against FIPV after 4 h. Other formulations were ineffective against FIPV. On plastic coupons with incorporated silver/copper-zeolites,
>1.7-log10 and >3.8-log10 reductions were achieved for coronavirus 229E and feline calicivirus within 24 h, respectively. Silver/copper zeolite reduced
titers of all viruses tested, suggesting that it may be effective against related pathogens of interest [i.e., SARS coronavirus,
other coronaviruses, human norovirus (calicivirus)]. Of note, it was effective against both enveloped and nonenveloped viruses.
Metal-zeolites could therefore possibly be used in applications to reduce virus contamination of fomites and thus the spread
of viral diseases. 相似文献
152.
Haoran Dong Guangming Zeng Chang Zhang Jie Liang Kito Ahm Piao Xu Xiaoxiao He Mingyong Lai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(6):180-188
This study investigated the interaction between Cu2+ and nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) coated with three types of stabilizers (i.e., polyacrylic acid [PAA], Tween-20 and starch) by examining the Cu2+ uptake, colloidal stability and mobility of surface-modified NZVI (SM-NZVI) in the presence of Cu2+. The uptake of Cu2+ by SM-NZVI and the colloidal stability of the Cu-bearing SM-NZVI were examined in batch tests. The results showed that NZVI coated with different modifiers exhibited different affinities for Cu2+, which resulted in varying colloidal stability of different SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu2+. The presence of Cu2+ exerted a slight influence on the aggregation and settling of NZVI modified with PAA or Tween-20. However, the presence of Cu2+ caused significant aggregation and sedimentation of starch-modified NZVI, which is due to Cu2+ complexation with the starch molecules coated on the surface of the particles. Column experiments were conducted to investigate the co-transport of Cu2+ in association with SM-NZVI in water-saturated quartz sand. It was presumed that a physical straining mechanism accounted for the retention of Cu-bearing SM-NZVI in the porous media. Moreover, the enhanced aggregation of SM-NZVI in the presence of Cu2+ may be contributing to this straining effect. 相似文献
153.
154.
采用炼钢烟灰制取高纯度硫酸锌,研究了制取条件对收率和产品质量的影响,试验结果表明,控制适宜的酸浸条件,锌浸取率≥98%,铁浸取率可控制在0.02%以下,当酸浸工艺条件液固比为3:1,温度80-90℃,硫酸加入量39g/L(酸浸液)滴酸时间1.5h浸取时间2h,再用空气和过氧化氢氧化除去溶液中的铁,产品中硫酸锌含量≥99%,铁含量可降至0.5mg/L以下。 相似文献
155.
Thirty-two brownfield sites from the city of Wolverhampton were selected from those with a former industrial use, wasteland
or areas adjacent to industrial processes. Samples (<2 mm powdered soil fraction) were analysed, using inductively coupled
plasma–atomic emission spectrometry (ICP–AES) for 20 elements. Loss on ignition and pH were also determined. A five-step chemical
sequential extraction technique was carried out. Single leach extraction with 0.12 M hydrochloric acid of Pb, Cu and Zn in
soil was determined as a first approximation of the bioavailability in the human stomach. Some of the sites were found to
have high concentrations of the potentially toxic elements Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni. The partitioning of metals showed a high variability,
however a number of trends were determined. The majority of Zn was partitioned into the least chemically stable phases (steps
1, 2 and 3). The majority of Cu was associated with the organic phase (step 4) and the majority of Ni was fractionated into
the residue phase (step 5). The majority of Pb was associated with the residue fraction (step 5) followed by Fe–Mn oxide fraction
(step 3). The variability reflects the heterogeneous and complex nature of metal speciation in urban soils with varied historic
histories. There was a strong inverse linear relationship between the metals Ni, Zn and Pb in the readily exchangeable phase
(step 1) and soil pH, significant at P < 0.01 level. There was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the partitioning of Cu, Ni and Zn into step 4 (the organic phase) in soils with a higher organic carbon content
(estimated by loss on ignition). Copper was highly partitioned into step 4 as it has a strong association with organics in
soil but this phase was not important for the partitioning of Ni or Zn. The fractionation of Ni, Cu and Zn increased significantly
in step 3 when the total metal concentration increases (P < 0.01). The Fe–Mn oxide fraction becomes more important in soils elevated in these metals, possibly due to the scavenging
of metals by oxides. Cu and Pb extracted by HCl was statistically similar to the sum of the metals in steps 1 to 4 (P < 0.01) and HCl available Zn was statistically similar to the sum of Zn in steps 1 to 3 (P < 0.01). Step 4 (the organic phase) was not an important phase for Zn, so it was concluded that any Cu, Zn and Pb present
in soil in a nonresidue phase would be potentially available for uptake into the human system once soil has been ingested. 相似文献
156.
酞菁蓝颜料生产废水处理试验研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用初沉-电凝聚-加碱沉淀-生化工艺处理酞菁蓝颜料生产废水,试验表明,COD可从1190mg/L降至95.9mg/L,Cu^(2 )质量浓度可从163.5mg/L降至0.7mg/L,色度可从210倍降至43.3倍,出水COD、色度达到GB8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准,Cu达到二级排放标准。 相似文献
157.
158.
159.
Andhika Puspito Nugroho Niken Satuti Nur Handayani I Gede Angga Pramudita 《毒物与环境化学》2017,99(9-10):1368-1377
Disposal of waste into aquatic ecosystems may cause microalgae to be exposed to various metals, e.g. copper and cadmium. The effects caused by combinations of metals may be more serious. Evaluations of subcellular fate, bioaccumulation, and biological effects of metals on aquatic organisms are generally derived from experiments with individual metals. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to copper and cadmium in combination on subcellular accumulation, distribution, and growth. The algae were exposed for 72 h to copper at concentrations of 13 – 25 µmol L?1, cadmium at about 6 µmol L?1, and combinations thereof. The levels of copper and cadmium in subcellular organelles, heat-denaturated protein, metal-rich granules, and heat-stable protein were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Exposure of C. pyrenoidosa to copper and cadmium in combination inhibited growth more strongly than copper and cadmium individually. Highest accumulation was observed in metal-rich granules and heat-stable proteins. Administration of both metals in combination affected their subcellular distribution: copper was mainly distributed into the metal-rich granules (70%–80%) and heat-stable proteins (9%–24%), cadmium in the metal-rich granules (88%–98%). 相似文献
160.
Bluish green staining in domestic fixtures was observed in three to 9-year-old houses in the city of Talca, located 256 km.
south of Santiago, the capital of Chile. The houses contained copper pipes which were exposed to soft well water, with low
pH and low buffer capacity. The aim of this paper is to establish the chemical composition of the stains and to determine
the conditions by which they were formed. X-ray diffraction analysis of the stains revealed the presence of malachite, a copper
compound that caused green coloring in kettles and water boilers. Dioptase, which is deep green in coloring, was identified
in a bathtub tile. In one house, where blue stains were found in a toilet bowl, the presence of chrysocolla was suggested
by means of X-ray fluorescence. In the field conditions studied it was concluded that the bluish green stains in bathroom
home appliances were generated by the precipitation of copper compounds in places were leakages occur. 相似文献