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91.
Kimberly M. Camponelli Joel W. Snodgrass Ryan E. Casey 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(6):2143-2149
This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential exposure to pond-dwelling organisms. Dissolved stormwater Zn exceeded USEPA acute and chronic water quality criteria in approximately 20% of storm samples and 20% of the storm duration sampled. Dissolved Cu exceeded the previously published chronic criterion in 75% of storm samples and duration and exceeded the acute criterion in 45% of samples and duration. The majority of sediment Cu (92-98%) occurred in the most recalcitrant phase, suggesting low bioavailability; Zn was substantially more available (39-62% recalcitrant). Most sediment concentrations for Cu and Zn exceeded published threshold effect concentrations and Zn often exceeded probable effect concentrations in surface sediments. 相似文献
92.
Maazouzi C Masson G Izquierdo MS Pihan JC 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(1):221-226
Field study allows assessment of long-term effects on fatty acid (FA) composition of organisms under chronic exposure to metals. One expected effect of copper is peroxidation of lipids and essentially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). FA analysis was established for the amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus subjected to different degrees of copper exposure (4–40 μg Cu L−1). A previous study in our team showed that this species regulates its body Cu concentration (106–135 mg Cu kg−1 dry weight). Despite the high capacity of bioaccumulation, the absence of a correlation between copper concentration in D. villosus and water prevents its use as bioindicator of copper pollution. Both sexes from the most polluted site showed the lowest total FA content, but the highest PUFA percent, mainly of the long-chained variety (C20–C22). Mechanisms leading to the prevention of lipid peroxidation in this species were discussed (metallothioneins and intracellular granules) and proposed with support from literature data. 相似文献
93.
Copper, a priority substance on the EU-Water Framework Directive list, is widely used to protect grapevines against fungus diseases. Many vineyards being located on steep slopes, large amounts of Cu could be discharged in downstream systems by runoff water. The efficiency of stormwater detention basins to retain copper in a vineyard catchment was estimated. Suspended solids, dissolved (Cudiss) and total Cu (Cutot) concentrations were monitored in runoff water, upstream, into and downstream from a detention pond. Mean Cutot concentrations in entering water was 53.6 μg/L whereas it never exceeded 2.4 μg/L in seepage. Cutot concentrations in basin water (>100 μg/L in 24% of the samples) exceeded LC50 values for several aquatic animals. Copper was principally sequestered by reduced compounds in the basin sediments (2/3 of Cutot). Metal sequestration was reversible since sediment resuspension resulted in Cu remobilization. Wind velocity controlled resuspension, explained 70% of Cudiss variability and could help predicting Cu mobilization. 相似文献
94.
Ionela Birloaga Vasile Coman Bernd Kopacek Francesco Vegliò 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(12):2581-2586
This study refers to two chemical leaching systems for the base and precious metals extraction from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs); sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide have been used for the first group of metals, meantime thiourea with the ferric ion in sulfuric acid medium were employed for the second one. The cementation process with zinc, copper and iron metal powders was attempted for solutions purification. The effects of hydrogen peroxide volume in rapport with sulfuric acid concentration and temperature were evaluated for oxidative leaching process. 2 M H2SO4 (98% w/v), 5% H2O2, 25 °C, 1/10 S/L ratio and 200 rpm were founded as optimal conditions for Cu extraction. Thiourea acid leaching process, performed on the solid filtrate obtained after three oxidative leaching steps, was carried out with 20 g/L of CS(NH2)2, 6 g/L of Fe3+, 0.5 M H2SO4, The cross-leaching method was applied by reusing of thiourea liquid suspension and immersing 5 g/L of this reagent for each other experiment material of leaching. This procedure has lead to the doubling and, respectively, tripling, of gold and silver concentrations into solution. These results reveal a very efficient, promising and environmental friendly method for WPCBs processing. 相似文献
95.
采用网捕凝聚法对含Cu为1730~3820mg/l、COD为3984~5480mg/l的有机络合铜废水的处理工艺条件进行了研究。经实验室放大试验表明,在严格控制pH7.0~7.5条件下,加入凝聚剂生成絮体晶核来实现网捕凝聚,可使出水中铜为0.2~2.0mg/l,然后采用生物流化床对此废水进行生物降解,可使排放水中铜和COD达到或接近排放标准。 相似文献
96.
Ghauch A Turnar C Fachinger C Rima J Charef A Suptil J Martin-Bouyer M 《Chemosphere》2000,40(12):1327-1333
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can be successfully used for the quantitative determination of small amounts of pollutants like metals. The remission function was found to be linearly proportional to the concentration, when we applied the Kubelka–Munk equation. The color reactions of Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) with dithiooxamide, were realised on filter paper. Reaction between Fe(III) and ammonium thiocyanate was realized on filter paper and gelatine matrix. All measurements were accomplished with a laboratory-constructed reflectometer. We have obtained a calibration curve by plotting the optical density of reflectance AR vs log of the mol l−1 concentration. Limits of detection at the 10−4 M level were estimated for all the compounds. Linear dynamic range extend over one order of magnitude and shows the potential of device for the quantitative analysis of environmental pollutants. 相似文献
97.
利用粉煤灰改进含铜酸性废水硫化法处理工艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用粉煤灰对硫化沉淀法处理含铜酸性废水工艺进行改进试验,试验表明粉煤灰有吸附和絮凝沉降的作用,可显著改善单一硫化法沉降速度慢和脱水困难的缺陷。 相似文献
98.
Cecylia Wardak Malgorzata Grabarczyk 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(8):519-524
A simple, fast and cheap method for monitoring copper and nitrate in drinking water and food products using newly developed solid contact ion-selective electrodes is proposed. Determination of copper and nitrate was performed by application of multiple standard additions technique. The reliability of the obtained results was assessed by comparing them using the anodic stripping voltammetry or spectrophotometry for the same samples. In each case, satisfactory agreement of the results was obtained, which confirms the analytical usefulness of the constructed electrodes. 相似文献
99.
The concept of “peak oil” has been explored and debated extensively within the literature. However there has been comparatively little research examining the concept of “peak minerals”, particularly in-depth analyses for individual metals. This paper presents scenarios for mined copper production based upon a detailed assessment of global copper resources and historic mine production. Scenarios for production from major copper deposit types and from individual countries or regions were developed using the Geologic Resources Supply-Demand Model (GeRS-DeMo). These scenarios were extended using cumulative grade-tonnage data, derived from our resource database, to produce estimates of potential rates of copper ore grade decline.The scenarios indicate that there are sufficient identified copper resources to grow mined copper production for at least the next twenty years. The future rate of ore grade decline may be less than has historically been the case, as mined grades are approaching the average resource grade and there is still significant copper endowment in high grade ore bodies. Despite increasing demand for copper as the developing world experiences economic growth, the economic and environmental impacts associated with increased production rates and declining ore grades (particularly those relating to energy consumption, water consumption and greenhouse gas emissions) will present barriers to the continued expansion of the industry. For these reasons peak mined copper production may well be realised during this century. 相似文献
100.