FTA -AHP 方法研究及应用

事故树方法由于故障率数据的缺失无法准确确定各基本事件对顶上事件的影响度,工程应用中难以确定安全措施重点与优先顺序。将FTA-AHP结合起来,先用事故树做定性分析,得到最小割集和最小径集,画出等效事故树,然后以事故类型作为目标层,最小割集或最小径集作为准则层,各基本事件作为指标层因素,引入专家打分法构建判断矩阵,获得指标层因素（基本事件）对目标层（事故）的影响顺序,从而得到基本事件对顶上事件影响程度与顺序。将该方法应用于分析发生频率高的建筑工程高处坠落事故,研究结果表明,利用FTA-AHP方法所获得的分析结果更加符合工程实际,高处坠落事故防范重点明确,拟采取的安全措施优先顺序合理,有利于指导制定科学合理的防范高处坠落事故的安全措施。     

超声相控阵检测焊缝三维可视化

介绍超声相控阵扇形（s型）扫查法对焊缝实施全体积检测的优势：信号（色码幅度）实时显示,自动存储,特别是检测数据可三维（5D）显示,又可多视角观测,缺陷四定（定位、定性、定量、定级）更方便,符合国际权威法规ASME最新版（2011a）的有关要求。期盼UT人员能在日常焊缝检测中熟练运用相控阵三维可视化技术。     

钢铁行业烧结烟气活性焦（炭）干法净化技术探讨

随着我国产业结构的调整,国家对钢铁行业烧结烟气污染物排放的控制力度不断加强。传统的以脱硫为主的单一污染物控制技术已经不能满足新的环境标准的要求,烧结烟气多种污染物协同处理技术的开发与应用已成为钢铁行业污染防治的必然要求。本文阐述了活性焦（炭）吸附法烧结烟气多污染物协同处理技术的工艺原理,并通过太原钢铁集团的工程应用实例证明了活性焦（炭）吸附法多污染物协同处理技术符合钢铁行业的发展需求,在我国具有广泛的应用前景。     

Room-temperature solid phase surface engineering of BiOI sheets stacking g-C3N4 boosts photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI)

Cr(VI)-based compounds pollution have attracted global concern due to serious harm to humans and environment. Hence, it is crucial to exploit an effective technique to eliminate Cr(VI) in water. Herein, we in-situ grown BiOI on graphitic carbon nitride to prepare the BiOI/g-C3N4 (BCN) direct Z-scheme heterojunction by solid phase engineering method at room temperature. Experimental result shown the photocatalytic activity of pure BiOI were obviously enhanced by constructing Z-scheme BCN heterostructure, and BCN-3 heterostructure exhibited the optimal photocatalytic degradation of RhB with 98％yield for 2.5 h and reduction of Cr(VI) with more than 99％yield for 1.5 h at pH=2. Stability test shows BCN-3 still kept more than 98％reduction efficiency after 6 cycles. In addition, we also studied the reduction mechanism that shown the ·O2-radicals essentially helped to reduce the Cr(VI) in aqueous solution under illumination, verified the direct Z-scheme charge transfer path by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the free radical trapping experiment. The work open a new way for rationally designing photo-catalyst heterostructure to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III).     

利用水泥生产线协同处置城市生活垃圾排污分析

分析了利用水泥生产线协同处置城市生活垃圾过程中重金属转化和二噁英产生的过程,提出在水泥生产系统中,重金属和氯有一个循环过程,认为挥发性重金属和二噁英仍有部分经窑尾烟囱排入大气,其排放量和排放浓度能否达到国家标准仍有一定的不确定性.     

Removal of perchlorate from aqueous solution by cross-linked Fe(Ⅲ)-chitosan complex

Cross-linked Fe（III）-chitosan composite （Fe-CB） was used as the adsorbent for removing perchlorate from the aqueous solution. The adsorption experiments were carried out by varying contact time, initial concentrations, temperatures, pH, and the presence of co-existing anions. The morphology of the adsorbent was discussed using FT-IR and SEM with X-EDS analysis. The pH ranging from 3.0-10.2 exhibited very little effect on the adsorption capability. The perchlorate uptake onto Fe-CB obeyed Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption process was rapid and the kinetics data obeyed the pseudo second-order model well. The eluent of 2.5% （W/V） NaC1 could regenerate the exhausted adsorbent efficiently. The adsorption mechanism was also discussed.     

被动采样/热脱附/GC-MS法测定环境空气中挥发性有机物暴露量

建立了吸附管被动采样-热脱附解吸气相色谱质谱联用测定环境空气中挥发性有机物暴露量的采样、分析方法。14种挥发性有机物的检出限为0.002~0.005 ng/h。该法采样无需动力,具有简单、方便、灵敏度高等特点,可广泛应用于环境气体的监测。     

鞍山市大气中多环芳烃健康影响评价

通过对鞍山市典型区域（6个污染源、4个居住区、一个对照点）大气颗粒物中PAHs的监测,采用BaP当量致毒系数TEF,研究了鞍山市大气颗粒物中典型PAHs毒性当量分布特征。研究结果表明,鞍山大气中典型PAHs污染主要以4～6环为主,不致癌BaP当量浓度为0．066ng/m3,致癌BaP当量浓度为12．7ng／m3,强致癌BaP当量浓度为8．1ng/m3,很强致癌BaP当量浓度为12．7ng／m3。BaP毒性当量浓度呈现出采暖期要远远高于非采暖期,工业区及工业区周边BaP毒性当量浓度要远远高于居住区和对照点。     

从河道自净角度谈影响河道水质净化的因素

摘要：在城市河道污染日趋严重的今天,利用河道水体自净过程的机理来解决河道水质污染问题正成为改善河道水质的一种趋势。通过对河道自净过程的分析,总结出溶解氧、水力条件、温度、微生物、河岸带在河水自净中起到了决定性的作用,并分别从上述五个方面来阐述它们在自净过程中发挥的重要性。这给改善河道水质提供了不少途径,目前许多的河道整治手段都是由此受到了启发。因此明确了在未来河流污染治理的道路上,从河道自净化规律出发去看待和治理河道水污染问题是非常必要的。     

机械法制备角蛋白膜及其对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附

利用机械法在添加甘油作增塑剂的条件下制备角蛋白膜,研究了温度和甘油添加量对膜的机械性能的影响,研究了最佳制备条件下160℃、甘油添加量40%的角蛋白膜对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能,吸附结果符合Langmuir型和Freundlich型等温吸附模型,吸附过程为吸热过程,物理和化学吸附共同作用,以物理吸附为主,在60℃下最大去除率为99.07%,最大吸附量为75.498mg/g。