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191.
建立了固相萃取-超高效液相-串联质谱法同时测定水环境中26种类固醇激素的分析方法。明确了取样体积为500 m L,Cleanert PEP为富集柱,乙酸乙酯为洗脱剂,甲醇为溶剂进行提取操作。选择了正离子模式,以0. 1%甲酸/甲醇-水为流动相,负离子模式以0. 1%氨水/乙腈-水为流动相,试样经AcquityTMUPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离后,选用质谱检测模式进行定性、定量分析。通过方法验证,26种类固醇激素的方法检出限为0. 3~1. 5 ng/L,测定下限为1. 2~6. 0 ng/L,代表性样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为2. 6%~13. 7%(n=6),加标回收率为71. 2%~121%。该方法操作便捷,灵敏度高,精密度和准确度良好,可适用于水环境中多种痕量、超痕量类固醇激素的定性定量分析。 相似文献
192.
193.
针对城市汽车尾气治理及化油器型车辆的排放现状 ,指出开发和运用闭环电控三元催化技术是目前解决城市化油器型车辆排放问题及时可行的过渡措施 ,并对电控三元催化技术的应用提出了建议与要求。 相似文献
194.
The idea of varying volume ratio of water to ethanol in solvent was firstly employed to yield phase composition controllable mixedphase titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts via a low temperature solvothermal route at 353 K. It was found that anatase contents increase from 0 to 100% with increase of ethanol contents in solvent. The mixed-phase TiO2 with 60% anatase content exhibited the best photocatalytic activity in photodecomposing formaldehyde (FAD) under UV light irradiation, which increases by about ... 相似文献
195.
P. Pankaew O. Aumporn S. Pattarapanitchai M. Sangsan B.K. Bala 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(11):632-643
ABSTRACT Large-scale greenhouse solar dryers have been used for drying various products and this type of dryer is usually equipped with LPG burner as auxiliary heater, which creates more operating cost. To overcome this problem, phase change material (PCM) thermal storage was proposed to substitute for the LPG burner. In this work, the performance of a large-scale greenhouse solar dryer integrated with a PCM as a latent heat storage for drying of chili was investigated. Experimental studies were conducted to compare the performance of this dryer with that of another large-scale greenhouse solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and open sun drying. Chili with an initial moisture content of 74.7% (w.b.) was dried to a final moisture content of 10.0% (w.b.) in 2.5 days, 3.5 days, and 11 days using the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage, the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage and the open sun drying, respectively. The performance of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage was also evaluated using exergy analysis. The exergy efficiency of the drying room of the solar dryer integrated with the PCM thermal storage and the solar dryer without the PCM thermal storage for drying of chili was found to be 13.1% and 11.4%, respectively and the thermal storage helps to dry chili during adverse weather conditions. The results of exergy analysis implied that the exergy losses from the dryer with the PCM should be reduced. 相似文献
196.
A solid phase extraction procedure (SPE) is described for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM), as ubiquitous environmental pollutants routinely measured in air quality monitoring. A SPE cartridge was used based on a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP-SPE) properly tailored for selective retention of PAHs with 4 and more benzene fused rings. The performance of the clean-up procedure was evaluated with the specific concern of selective purification towards saturated hydrocarbons, which are the PM components mostly interfering GC analysis of target PAHs. Under optimized operative conditions, the MIP-SPE provided analyte recovery close to 95% for heavier PAHs, from benzo(α)pyrene to benzo(ghi)perylene, and close to 90% for four benzene rings PAHs, with good reproducibility (RSDs: 2.5%-5.9%). Otherwise, C17-C32 n-alkanes were nearly completely removed. The proposed method was critically compared with Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) using a polyacrylate fiber. Both methods were successfully applied to the analysis of ambient PM2.5 samples collected at an urban polluted site. Between the two procedures, the MIP-SPE provided the highest recovery (R% ≥ 93%) for PAHs with 5 and more benzene rings, but lower for lighter PAHs. In contrast, SPME showed a mean acceptable R% value (∼ 80%) for all the investigated PAHs, except for the heaviest PAHs in the most polluted samples (R%: 110%-138%), suggesting an incomplete purification from the interfering n-hydrocarbons. 相似文献
197.
高原封闭、半封闭型湖泊是气候和环境演化的敏感指示器,其沉积物记录具有连续性、敏感性和高分辨率的特点。高原湖泊沉积记录在恢复和重塑各种短时间尺度(千年、百年、十年)的气候和环境演化序列上,具有其它自然历史记录无法替代的优势,尤其在揭示近代环境污染历史方面更有其独到之处。本文通过对洱海沉积物重金属地球化学相的研究,利用因子分析方法,识别了沉积物重金属的主要来源和影响其分布的主要因素,即:流域侵蚀作用、大气沉降作用、工业废水与生活污水的排放,以及早期成岩作用。同时,结合沉积物柱芯210PBex计年结果,本文初步评价了洱海150多年来的重金属污染历史:1958年以来.因为化石燃料使用量的增加.洱海湖区大气污染日趋严重;1982年后,由于西洱河水电站的建成运行和湖区植被的破坏,流域侵蚀作用显著加强,应当引起重视。 相似文献
198.
Inestuary,densitystratifiedflowexitswidelybecausefreshwaterjoinsintoseawaterandthedensityoffreshwaterisdifferentfromthatofsea?.. 相似文献
199.
200.
The specularite deposit at Waldenstein is an epigenetic replacement/vein-type hematite mineralization with distinct alteration zones. It is situated in highly metamorphosed schists and, gneisses of the Koralm Crystalline Complex. Sericitization and chloritization are strictly bound to this alteration and occur within a few meters of the hematite veins. Radiometric dating of the sericitization and the implicity of the mineralization yield a Middle Eocene age. Petrographic evidence proves an early, relatively reduced paragenesis (magnetite, ilmenite) being partly replaced by hematite and chlorite during the main phase of ore formation. Fluid inclusion and stable isotope investigations indicate that formation temperatures were approximately 300°C during the main stage and decreased to 200°C in the latest stage of the hydrothermal event. The H-isotope compositions of chlorites and of fluid inclusions in quartz indicate the influence of seawater. This also explains the high salinities determined by fluid inclusion studies (20–30% NaCl equiv.). According to the genetic model presented in this paper the hydrothermal activity started when the deformation accompanying the uplift of the Koralm Crystalline Complex passed from a ductile to brittle regime (Middle Eocene). The brittle faults acted as channelways for rising, deep fluids, probably of metamorphic origin. Temperature differences between the different uplifting crustal segments supported fluid circulation. Precipitation of the ore occurred at shallow crustal levels where the hydraulic regime was dominated by seawater, and oxidation of the original reducing fluids took place. 相似文献