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471.
2-硝基芴DNA加合物的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
2-硝基芴直接与小牛胸腺DNA反应(in vitro),用~(32)P后标记方法能够测定出有多种DNA加合物生成.将定量的2-硝基芴一次注射入大鼠(SD)和经过Aroclor诱导的大鼠腹腔内,24h后取其肝、肾、肺、脾、血等诸器官,用P_1加强灵敏度的~(32)P后标记方法测定各组织中的DNA加合物.其结果是:在诱导和非诱导的大鼠体内各器官中均发现有DNA加合物的存在,Aroclor诱导对DNA加合物的生成有明显的促进作用.在非诱导的大鼠体内肝脏和血中,分别测出与体外反应相对应的多个DNA加合物,证明2-硝基芴有直接损伤生物体内DNA,形成DNA加合物的能力. 相似文献
472.
Copulation behavior and paternity in the chaffinch 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Summary We investigated two aspects of sperm competition in a wild population of chaffinches Fringilla coelebs: copulation behavior and genetic parentage determined by DNA fingerprinting. Pairs copulated at a high rate before laying, peaking at 4.4 copulation attempts per hour on day –3 relative to laying, with an average of 207 copulation attempts (83 behaviorally successful) per clutch. Extra-pair copulation attempts (n = 20) made up 7.8% of all copulation attempts that females were involved in. The rate at which pairs copulated was lower during egg-laying, but there was no evidence that this was due to the male of the pair timing copulations to coincide with an insemination window; it was more likely due to the fact that females solicited copulations at a lower rate. Both sexes solicited copulations but males solicited mainly extra-pair copulations. DNA fingerprinting showed that 17.0% of chicks (n = 47) in 23% of broods (n = 13) were fathered by a male other than the one paired to their mother. There was no evidence of intraspecific brood parasitism. In three cases where we were able to identify the father of extra-pair offspring it proved to be a neighboring male.Correspondence to: B.C. Sheldon 相似文献
473.
本文涉及了环境中各种重要类型的化学致癌物并着重讨论了潜在致癌物与DNA加成物的化学反应及其生物影响,它包括简单烷化剂、简单非烷化剂以及代谢活化致突剂。不同烷化剂、简单非烷化剂、代谢活化致突剂与DNA的化学致癌反应部位,无论是在试管中试验还是在活体试验都有很大的不同。特别是N-亚硝基化合物和BaP曾作过详细研究,因为它们只在某个体系的特定器官使之成为恶性。尽管N-硝基化合物对人并不意味着致癌,但它很有可能就是致癌物。相反,某些在动物中致癌性很弱的烷化剂却被列为人体致癌物(氯乙烯、芥子气)或者人体可能的致癌物(硫酸二甲酯、乙烯氧化物)。 相似文献
474.
475.
After Escherichia coli HB101 with plasmid pWH58, pWH98, or pTBa5 were cultered respectively in amp LB broth which contained 50 mg/L CdCl2 constantly for 24h, these plasmids were isolated from E. coli, and the effect of excessive CdCl2 on the E. coli HB101 and plasmid DNA was studied by surveying the growth of E. coli HB101 and plasmid, argarose gel electrophoresis and analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of plasmids, and plasmid transformation. The results showed that 50 mg/L CdCl2 treatment lagged the growth of E. coli HB101 for at least 4h, but after grown for 24h there were not significant differences in the growths of E. coli HB101s and the productions of plasmids between the treatment and control. These results implified that E. coli HB101 have induced adaptability to cadmium stress and excessive CdCl2 did not inhibit the replication and amp + genes expression of plasmid DNA in vivo of E. coli significantly. 50 mg/L CdCl2 treatment for 24 hours might cause the sequences change of plasmid DNA, but could not lead to the random breakage of plasmid DNA strands. Moreover, after 50 mg/L of CdCl2 treatment in vivo the transformation activities of plasmid did not altered, implied excessive CdCl2 could not affect the superhelical structure of plasmid and also not break the loop of plasmid DNA evidently. 相似文献
476.
Gabriella Restagno Marina Ferrone Carlo Doriguzzi Laura Palmucci Tiziana Mongini Angelo Carbonara 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(7):672-674
The sister of a child affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) was referred for genetic counselling to assess the risk of her being a carrier. Her brother had died 15 years previously at the age of 8. There were no other affected males in the family. There were no methods for DNA investigation at the time of the child's death and the family had never been studied for linkage with polymorphic probes on the chromosomal region Xp21. The only tissue from which an assessment of the risk could be made by DNA linkage analysis was two of the child's deciduous teeth that the parents had kept. DNA was extracted using a protocol described for the recovery of ancient DNA from museum specimens and archaeological finds. Multiplex amplification did not reveal deletions in 19 exons spanning the hot-spot regions for deletions within the dystrophin gene in Xp21. Linkage analysis using three highly polymorphic microsatellites demonstrated that the sister had not received the X chromosome borne by her brother. These results show that DNA extracted from teeth is a reliable source for molecular diagnosis. 相似文献
477.
478.
In a study of fetal cells from a series of 12 pregnancies in ten families at risk for the ultraviolet light-sensitive, DNA repair-deficient diseases xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Cockayne syndrome (CS), we detected one XP and two CS homozygote fetuses. The diagnoses were confirmed by analysis of fetal skin fibroblasts or second amniotic samples after termination of the pregnancies. The measurement of ultraviolet light sensitivity and DNA repair depended on properties common to the seven excision repair-deficient XP complementation groups (A-G) and the two CS complementation groups (A, B). No XP variant families were included in the study, because the variant requires different testing techniques. Reliable and rapid diagnosis proved possible in all but one of the 12 pregnancies, supporting the use of these methods until the spectrum of mutations in the various XP and CS genes of the U. S. population is fully characterized and a DNA sequence-based diagnostic procedure becomes available. 相似文献
479.
In 57 patients, following prenatal diagnosis of a fetus affected by β-thalassaemia major, we terminated the pregnancy by dilatation and evacuation. In 19, we have already performed DNA analysis to evaluate the feasibility of prenatal diagnosis in a subsequent pregnancy. 相似文献
480.
研究了GaAs、Ga~(3+)、Ge~(4+)、Hg~(2+)和Cr~(6+)对活性污泥脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)和核糖核酸(RNA)的影响,以及GaAs对活性污泥氨基酸的影响。结果表明,Hg~(2+)和Cr~(6+)主要使活性污泥中核酸的DNA含量减少,GaAs则主要使RNA含量减少,Ge~(4+)浓度达到300ppm/g MLSS对,无论对DNA还是RNA的合成都有较强的抑制影响。低浓度的GaAs对活性污泥氨基酸含量影响不大,而GaAs浓度达360ppm/g MLSS时则使活性污泥中氨基酸含量明显减少。 相似文献