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141.
太湖梅梁湾有色可溶性有机物对光的吸收 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:24
探讨了太湖梅梁湾不同湖区有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)对光的吸收、光衰减系数的变化及与DOC浓度的关系、CDOM吸收对光衰减系数的贡献率以及指数函数曲线斜率S值.结果表明,不同类型湖区CDOM吸收系数差异明显,ad(440)、ad(320)的变化范围分别为1.22~2.58m-1,6.24~10.69m-1;DOC浓度最高值出现在梁溪河口,为12.74mg/L,最低值出现梅梁湾口,为6.87mg/L,大致呈由湾内向湾口逐渐递减的趋势;DOC与CDOM吸收系数在波长320nm以下存在显著性相关,波长320~700nm CDOM吸收对光衰减系数的贡献率在0.69%~60.9%间变化,400nm以下紫外短光部分贡献率均大于20%,空间上短波部分贡献率在河口区、五里湖比梅梁湾内及沿岸带要大;CDOM吸收的指数函数曲线斜率S在13.9~18.1m-1间. 相似文献
142.
湿地垦殖对土壤微生物量及土壤溶解有机碳、氮的影响 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
对三江平原天然沼泽湿地及湿地垦殖后的农田、弃耕还湿地、人工林地等不同土地利用方式下表层土壤(0~10cm)的活性碳、氮组分:微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)、溶解有机碳(DOC)、溶解有机氮(DON)进行了研究.结果表明,天然小叶章沼泽湿地垦殖为农田后,表层土壤各活性碳、氮组分显著降低:MBC减少了63.8%~80.5%; MBN减少了56.3%~67.1%; DOC减少了43.1%~44.3%; DON减少了25.2%~56.1%.农田弃耕还湿和人工造林后表层土壤的活性碳、氮组分有明显恢复的趋势,各组分恢复到天然小叶章湿地土壤水平的36.1%~59.9%(MBC);46.7%~65.9%(MBN);67.0%~69.3%(DOC);81.2%~88.3%(DON),土地利用方式是影响土壤MBC、MBN、DOC、DON变化的重要因素;各土地利用方式表层土壤的DOC、DON、MBC、MBN呈显著的正相关关系,土地利用方式对表层土壤DOC的影响大于对DON的影响;各土地利用方式下土壤微生物可利用碳、氮的来源不同是影响DOC、DON与MBC、MBN相关性差别明显的主要原因. 相似文献
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Myung-Chan Ahn Thomas M. Holsen Young-Ji Han 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(2):347-355
The effects of various factors including turbidity, pH, DOC, temperature, and solar radiation on the concentrations of total mercury (TM) and dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) were investigated in an artificial reservoir in Korea. Episodic total mercury accumulation events occurred during the rainy season as turbidity increased, indicating that the TM concentration was not controlled by direct atmospheric deposition. The DGM concentration in surface water ranged from 3.6 to 160 pg/L, having a maximum in summer and minimum in winter. While in most previous studies DGM was controlled primarily by a photo-reduction process, DGM concentrations tracked the amount of solar radiation only in winter when the water temperature was fairly low in this study. During the other seasons microbial transformation seemed to play an important role in reducing Hg(II) to Hg(0). DGM increased as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration increased (p-value < 0.01) while it increased with a decrease of pH (p-value < 0.01). 相似文献
146.
Hernández-Soriano Mdel C Degryse F Smolders E 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(3):809-816
Long-term applications of small concentrations of surfactants in soil via wastewater irrigation or pesticide application may enhance trace metal solubility. Mechanisms by which anionic surfactants (Aerosol 22, SDS and Biopower) affect trace metal solubility were assessed using batch, incubation and column experiments. In batch experiments on seven soils, the concentrations of Cu, Cd, Ni and Zn in the dissolved fraction of soils increased up to 100-fold at the high application rates, but increased less than 1.5-fold below the critical micelle concentration. Dissolved metal concentrations were less than 20% affected by surfactants in long-term incubations (70 days) up to the largest dose of 200 mg C kg−1 soil. Leaching soil columns with A22 (100-1000 mg C L−1) under unsaturated conditions increased trace metal concentrations in the leachates 2-4 fold over the control. Correlation analysis and speciation modelling showed that the increased solubility of metals upon surfactant application was more related to the solubilisation of soil organic matter from soil than to complexation of the metals with the surfactant. Organic matter from soil was solubilised in response to a decrease of solution Ca2+ as a result of Ca-surfactant precipitation. At environmentally relevant concentrations, surfactant application is unlikely to have a significant effect on trace metal mobility. 相似文献
147.