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881.
新试剂5—(3—甲基—2—吡啶)亚甲基若丹宁光度法测定汞的研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
研究了新试剂5-(3-甲基-2-毗啶)亚甲基若丹宁(MPMR)与汞的显色反应,在弱酸性介质中和CTMAB微乳液存在下,MPMR与Hg2 生成2:1稳定络合物,λmax=445nm,ε=1.04X105L.mol-1.cm-1。汞的含量在0~1.2mg几内符合比耳定律。方法用于水样中汞的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
882.
J. A. Dearing R. W. Battarbee R. Dikau I. Larocque F. Oldfield 《Regional Environmental Change》2006,6(1-2):115-123
Leaders of the PAGES Focus 5 programme ‘Past Ecosystem Processes and Human–Environment Interactions’ identify key issues for
research on human–environment interactions for wider discussion. These include the need for long-term perspectives, the opportunities
for maximising palaeoenvironmental research, the need for integration and regionalisation and the challenge of developing
dynamic simulation models. A new organisational matrix for regional studies is outlined, based on a series of zonal/azonal
regions and on the degree of human impact. Future priorities for palaeoenvironmental research include new studies in degraded
human-dominated landscapes, highly-valued ecosystems and sites relevant to other IGBP Core Projects. Simulation of future
human–environment interactions using modelling approaches that have been tested against long records lags behind global climate
modelling, but cellular approaches for biogeophysical and multi-agent systems show promise. 相似文献
883.
壳聚糖-钇多孔微球对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能与机理分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以壳聚糖和Y2(OH)5NO3为原料通过乳液交联法制备了壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)复合微球,通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱等方法对其表面形貌、结构进行了表征.探讨了溶液的pH值、反应时间、投加量、离子初始浓度对其吸附性能的影响.研究结果表明,壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)复合微球在pH值为3的酸性环境中对Cr(Ⅵ)保持了较高的吸附能力,吸附容量为52.39mg·g-1,其吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温模型;通过吸附机理的研究,发现壳聚糖-钇(Ch—Y)对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附是化学吸附静电吸附协同氧化Cr(Ⅵ)离子作用来实现的. 相似文献
884.
镉铜污染尾矿土中添加耐镉铜菌剂J5后微生物区系多样性的变化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用酶解法和化学裂解法相结合的方法从安徽铜陵镉铜污染尾矿土中提取出土壤微生物基因组总DNA,并应用PCR-DGGE技术对比研究尾矿土中添加外源硫酸镉、硫酸铜和耐镉铜菌剂J5(Pseudomonassp.)后微生物区系多样性的变化.结果表明,尾矿土中微生物基因组总DNA分子量大小为21kb左右,未复垦的尾矿砂中微生物总DNA量较少,CdSO4处理后的尾矿土中微生物基因组总DNA量明显下降,而添加菌剂J5的尾矿土中微生物基因组总DNA量上升.DGGE电泳图谱进一步显示,尾矿土样中添加镉离子使图谱条带减少,分析表明尾矿土中的细菌种类数减少;而添加菌剂J5使图谱中条带明显增加,表明菌剂J5可提高尾矿土中土著微生物的活性和群落丰富度,可用于复合重金属污染尾矿区的生态恢复. 相似文献
885.
We investigated conventional characterization of wastewaters of the "Kullar Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant." In the study of conventional characterization; 23 composite samples, which were taken during 10 months, were used and analysed as COD, BOD5, TKN, NH3-N, SS, VSS, TP, RP, TS, Alkalinity, oil and grease, detergent, chloride parameters. For determine of the plant efficiency, 8 output grab samples were taken. The COD and BOD5 values of influent, respectively, ranging from 37 to 1,056 mg/L and 8 to 140 mg/L in total wastewater. The meanly BOD5/COD ratio was calculated as 0.34 in total wastewaters. 相似文献
886.
研究了1,2,4,5-四氯苯在C18膜/水相之间的分配规律。1,2,4,5-四氯苯在:25℃,80r/min条件下恒温震荡96h可达分配平衡,温度和盐度对1,2,4,5-四氯苯C18膜/水的分配过程影响很小,1,2,4,5-四氯苯C18膜/水分配平衡时间受溶液体积和容器容积的影响,但不受溶液中C18膜膜量的影响,推测脂溶性小于或接近1,2,4,5-四氯苯的有机污染物在恒温震荡条件下C18膜与水之间的分配96h可达到平衡。 相似文献
887.
888.
厌氧生物降解活性黑KN-B5 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了在葡萄糖作为共代谢基质时活性黑KN-B5的降解效果。实验结果表明:当葡萄糖质量浓度为1 500m g/L时,活性黑KN-B5初始质量浓度为30m g/L的染料溶液厌氧生物降解24h和48h后的降解率分别达到77.5%和90.3%;活性黑KN-B5的厌氧降解符合一级动力学方程,其反应速率常数为0.043 6h-1,半衰期为15.9h;葡萄糖质量浓度的增大对提高活性黑KN-B5厌氧生物降解效果有利。紫外-可见光谱扫描结果表明,活性黑KN-B5的降解过程中生成了小分子芳香胺类化合物;扫描电子显微镜照片表明污泥中对活性黑KN-B5起降解作用的菌种主要是杆菌和球菌。 相似文献
889.
采用一步浸渍法和分步浸渍法分别制备了V_2O_5-WO_3-CeO_2/TiO_2催化剂,考查了其脱硝性能、抗SO_2中毒性能和脱硝活性稳定性,并通过SEM、EDS、XRD、激光拉曼等技术对催化剂进行了表征。实验结果表明:分步浸渍法制备的催化剂的脱硝活性优于一步浸渍法,且抗SO_2中毒能力更强;在m(V_2O_5)∶m(WO_3)∶m(CeO_2)∶m(TiO_2)=1∶5∶10∶100时催化剂脱硝活性最佳,且具有良好的脱硝活性稳定性。表征结果显示,分步浸渍法与一步浸渍法制备的催化剂晶型结构相差不大,而分步浸渍法制备的催化剂颗粒粒径更小、更均匀,催化剂中Ce、O、V和W元素的含量更高。 相似文献
890.
Linking empirical estimates of body burden of environmental chemicals and wellness using NHANES data
Biomonitoring of industrial chemicals in human tissues and fluids has shown that all people carry a “body burden” of synthetic chemicals. Although measurement of an environmental chemical in a person's tissues/fluids is an indication of exposure, it does not necessarily mean the exposure concentration is sufficient to cause an adverse effect. Since humans are exposed to multiple chemicals, there may be a combination effect (e.g., additive, synergistic) associated with low-level exposures to multiple classes of contaminants, which may impact a variety of organ systems. The objective of this research is to link measures of body burden of environmental chemicals and a “holistic” measure of wellness. The approach is demonstrated using biomonitoring data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Forty-two chemicals were selected for analysis based on their detection levels. Six biological pathway-specific indices were evaluated using groups of chemicals associated with each pathway. Five of the six pathways were negatively associated with wellness. Three non-zero interaction terms were detected which may provide empirical evidence of crosstalk across pathways. The approach identified five of the 42 chemicals from a variety of classes (metals, pesticides, furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) as accounting for 71% of the weight linking body burden to wellness. Significant interactions were detected indicating the effect of smoking is exacerbated by body burden of environmental chemicals. Use of a holistic index on both sides of the exposure-health equation is a novel and promising empirical “systems biology” approach to risk evaluation of complex environmental exposures. 相似文献