超声波CT成像技术在桩基检测中的应用

采用声波透射法检测桩基混凝土质量时,在利用声速( 或声时) 、波幅及PSD判据检测出桩身混凝土存在缺陷的基础上,通过借助CT成像技术的数学计算方法,不仅可以较准确地确定缺陷的尺寸及空间分布,而且比其它方法所得到的结果更直观,同时还可以减少室内计算的工作量。     

电磁污染及电磁辐射防护材料

电磁辐射被称为是“隐形杀手”,简述了电磁污染的现状及电磁辐射的危害,详细论述了电磁波防护材料的研究进展,并针对目前存在的问题提出了防护电磁污染的对策。     

超声波法提取土壤样品中1,2,4—三氯苯和GC测定

本方法采用超声波振荡提取，用１０％的丙酮正乙烷混合溶液作为提取剂，对易挥发的１，２，４－三氯苯的分析具有简单，快速，灵敏，可靠，节省试剂的特点，也适用于土壤环境样品氯苯类化合物的测定。     

太原市汾河景区浮游藻类细胞密度对氮磷的影响

为了研究太原汾河景区的水质状况并为其水质保护和水华暴发预警及防治提供依据,2012年6月至10月,对该区域8个采样点的浮游藻类细胞密度、氨氮、总氮和总磷及它们之间的关系进行了调查分析。结果表明,多数样点总氮超标,总磷相对稳定,均不超标,氮磷比变化较明显,多数采样点以7月份的细胞密度较高,下游端较上游端浮游藻类生长旺盛,污染情况也较为严重。多数采样点浮游藻类细胞密度与总氮和氮磷比呈负相关,与总磷呈正相关。     

露天矿爆破地震波作用下框架建筑的动力响应

为研究露天矿爆破地震波作用下框架建筑的动力响应,开展了现场试验和数值模拟研究.试验测得爆破地震波参数和框架结构主体、砌体填充墙的固有频率及其动力响应;采用ANSYS程序计算出框架结构主体和砌体填充墙的固有频率,并分析了模型在爆破地震波作用下的动力响应.结果表明,填充墙体的固有频率高于建筑主体的固有频率,且接近于爆破地震波的输入频率,数值模拟计算的固有频率与现场测试结果一致;填充墙体的振动速度高于建筑主体的振动速度.虽然爆破地震波地表振动速率满足《爆破安全规程》,但框架结构主体和砌体填充墙固有频率的差异和频繁爆破震动使得砌体填充墙与梁、柱连接处产生裂缝.因此,评估露天矿周边框架建筑的振动安全性时,应考虑建筑的动力特性和露天矿爆破的特殊性.     

Effect of shock strength on dust entrainment behind a moving shock wave

Secondary dust explosion is a serious industrial issue because it occurs under conditions corresponding to an increased quantity and concentration of dispersed, combustible dust when compared with the primary explosion. The problems of lifting and dispersion of a dust layer behind a propagating shock wave must therefore be understood to ensure safety regarding secondary dust explosion hazards. Using a new shock-tube facility for studying shock propagation over dust layers, limestone dust was subjected to Mach numbers ranging from 1.10 to 1.60. A shadowgraph technique was applied by using a high-speed camera (15,000 fps) for visualization of the dust-layer height change behind the moving shock wave. Also, the effect of dust-layer thickness on the entrainment process was observed by performing tests with two different layer depths, namely 3.2- and 12.7-mm thicknesses. New correlations were developed between the shock strength and the dust entrainment height as a function of time for each layer depth. In general, the results herein are in agreement with trends found in previous work, where there is a linear relationship between dust growth rate and shock Mach number at early times after shock passage. Also, new data were collected for image analyses over longer periods, where the longer observation time and higher camera framing rates led to the discovery of trends not previously observed by earlier studies, namely a clear transition time between the early, linear growth regime and a much-slower average growth regime. This second regime is however accompanied by surface instabilities that can lead to a much larger variation in the edge of the dust layer than seen in the early growth regime. In addition, for the linear growth regime, there was no significant difference in the dust-layer height growth between the two layer thicknesses; however, the larger thickness led to higher growth rates and much larger surface instabilities at later times.     

Numerical and reduced-scale experimental investigation of blast wave shape in underground transportation infrastructure

When an explosion occurs in a tunnel, the study of the blast wave quickly becomes complicated, owing to the multiple propagation patterns of the blast wave (incident wave, regular and Mach reflections) and to the geometrical conditions. Considering this problem, two patterns can be revealed. Near the explosive, the well-known free-field pressure wave can be observed. After multiple reflections on the tunnel's walls, this overpressure behaves like a one-dimensional (1D) wave. One aim of this paper is to determine the position of this transition spherical-to-planar wave propagation in a tunnel using both numerical and reduced-scale experiments, and thereby validate the dedicated law established in a previous work.For this purpose, a detonation of TNT in a tunnel with a cross-section of up to 55 m² is considered. Results show good agreement between the numerical simulations and experiments. The transition zone between the three-dimensional (3D) and the 1D wave is well detected. An application to a simplified subway station is also investigated which shows that significant planar waves can be transmitted to the neighboring stations via the junction tunnels.     

毫米波大气衰减系数测量方法研究

毫米波在海上传播时存在着比较大的大气衰减系数,该系数会造成RCS测量出现误差。为准确测量毫米波RCS,必须设置准确的大气衰减修正系数。以毫米波RCS测量实际出发,给出了几种测量当时当地毫米波大气衰减系数的方法,得出了计算衰减系数的公式。经仿真验证,方法过程是有效的。     

Removal of hexavalent chromium from contaminated waters by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling

Batch mode experiments were conducted to study the removal of hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ)) from aqueous solutions using ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling.The results show that the reduction rate of Cr(Ⅵ) by ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling was significantly faster than that by ball milling or ultrasound treatment alone,and an initial Cr(Ⅵ) concentration of 166 mg/L could be decreased to 0.35 mg/L at 120 min.The decisive factors, including initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ), p H value, ultrasonic frequency and filling gas, were studied. It was found that the optimal ultrasonic frequency for ultrasound-assisted aqueous solution ball milling device was 20 k Hz, and the rate of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction as a function of filling gas followed the order: Ar air N_2 O_2. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, fluorescence measurements, atomic absorption and the diphenylcarbazide colorimetric method. The Cr(Ⅵ) transformed into a precipitate that could be removed from the contaminated water, after which the water could be reused.