对我国生态市(县)建设的几点思考

通过对我国生态市(县)的建设现状、建设指标的修订情况及建设意义进行深入分析,从组织领导、建设规划、建设机制等方面提出了建设生态市(县)的可行性措施。     

Spatial evolution and specialization division of crop planting structure in counties of Tibet,China北大核心CSCD

从农业区域系统的角度分析农作物的空间集聚和专业化,可为农业产业结构调整及优化提供决策依据.以西藏粮食作物、油料作物、蔬菜和饲草4类作物为研究对象,基于1995-2020年西藏农业统计年鉴农作物播种面积数据分析西藏农作物种植面积时序变化,基于1995-2018年统计年鉴农作物播种面积数据和74个县域空间单元,综合运用重心模型、基尼系数、区位熵及空间自相关模型,通过ArcGIS软件分析西藏作物种植空间变化及专业化格局.结果显示:(1)西藏粮食作物种植面积占比历年均占绝对优势,但呈逐年下降趋势,油料作物种植面积整体呈波动性小幅上升,蔬菜和青饲料种植面积逐年明显增长.粮食作物、经济作物(含油料作物和蔬菜)、饲料作物比例从1995年的86:12:2调整到2020年的68:17:14.(2)1995-2015年间西藏粮食和油料生产重心较为稳定,未出现较大范围的地理迁移,其他农作物重心迁移距离较大,从东南向西北迁移416.7 km.(3)西藏农作物均呈现一定程度的空间集聚和区域专业化生产格局,但在研究期内生产集聚及专业化水平呈下降趋势.(4)将西藏粮食、油料和其他农作物划分为绝对优势区、比较优势区、优势衰退区、潜力优势区、不具优势区、优势退出区、可种植区和无种植区8种类型.本研究表明西藏农作物种植结构调整明显,基于生产格局及演变趋势划定了专业化分区,可引导农作物生产布局优化,对有效保障西藏地区粮食安全具有重要意义.(图6表5参26)     

红壤丘陵区县域农林复合生态经济系统健康评价

在分析生态经济系统健康特征和指标筛选原则的基础上，构建了一套适合于县域尺度生态经济系统健康诊断指标体系。并运用层次分析法，采用了精度较高的均方差法确定指标权重,运用递阶多层次综合法和线性加权函数法建立了时间尺度上的农林复合生态系统综合评价模型，以县为单元，研究了红壤丘陵区县域多年农林复合生态经济系统健康情况。研究结果表明：研究区1980~2005年生态经济综合健康稳定水平呈逐年上升趋势，经济健康性方面是逐年平稳上升，社会健康性是波动性上升，而资源环境健康性则是先升后降，然后是相对稳定。引入障碍度概念，进行健康障碍诊断。分析结果表明1991年以前障碍因子主要是经济指标，1997年后障碍因子主要是资源环境指标。     

如何推动地方落实13万个建制村的环境综合整治任务

随着我国财税体制改革步伐的不断加快,农村环境"以奖促治"政策的实施范围、推进方式、资金管理等发生了深刻变化,同时,一些地方农村环境综合整治又存在政府积极性不高、责任难以落实、环境成效较差的问题,如何推动地方落实《水污染防治行动计划》提出的,到2020年完成13万个建制村的环境综合整治任务,是现阶段我国农村环境综合整治面临的新形势。本文在准确把握当前农村环境综合整治形势下,提出了今后一个时期推进我国农村环境综合整治的工作思路,分别从严格目标考核、引入激励机制、建立长效机制和重视各方参与4个方面,提出了约束与激励相结合的农村环境保护措施,以期为新时期深化"以奖促治"政策、推进农村环境综合整治提供参考和借鉴。     

县域工业集中区节能减排监管模式研究——以旬阳县生态工业园区为例

本文通过对旬阳县生态工业园区2011-2013年规模企业节能减排监管情况的全面评估,探索出了一条县域工业集中区节能减排精准化管理的新模式,为政府环境管理、决策提供了详实、准确的科学依据和计算方法.在县域工业集中区节能减排和基层环境管理工作中具有一定的借鉴和指导作用.     

贵州省县级市创建环境保护模范城市的思考

简要介绍了全国县级市"创模"的概况,结合贵州省4个"创模"县级市的实际情况,从指标考核范围、指标考核标准、城市发展战略、环保基础设施等方面,分析了贵州省县级市创模的优势与压力。     

对县级供销社再生资源回收网络体系的设计与思考

目前,县级再生资源回收网络体系存在体系不健全、行业发展基础薄弱、回收企业经营管理落后、回收网点散乱、回收技术落后、回收资源范围小、再利用效率低等问题。县域经济实力增强、政策扶持和社会各界支持、资源回收利润合理,为县级供销社建设再生资源回收网络体系提供了发展机会。建立以村级回收站为基础、乡镇级分拣中心为支撑、县级再生资源集散交易市场为核心的三级再生资源回收网络体系。通过建设专业市场、鼓励龙头企业发展、强化市场监管、推进完善回收网络体系,以及政府政策规范、引导和扶持,从而推进再生资源回收网络体系建设。     

Function Zoning of the Major function Development-optimized County: A Case in Shangyu,Zhejiang

Abstract

The 11th Five Year Plan has divided national functional zones in the basic unit of county-level administrative region. After implementation of national Major Function-oriented Zones (MFOZ) at prefecture and county levels, the spatial development sequence must be specified, development intensity must be limited, oriented zones must be designated and “red line” areas of spatial governance must be defined. In view of the above, choosing a typical county area and exploring its functional zoning after orienting its major functions will supply reference for carrying out the national spatial planning in the 12th Five Year Period, and it will also provide experience for the study of function regionalization which is the theme of MFOZ in the present academic circles. In this paper, the authors take Shangyu County as an example to study the general principles, train of thought of county-level functional regionalization in development-optimized areas, and to explore its reasonable functional zoning plan. Consequently, the authors present five principles and suggest a function-oriented zoning plan with 2 levels and 4 types.     

浙江省三门县工业固体废物调查

介绍了浙江省三门县工业固体废物的产生情况,并通过现场走访的形式对需焚烧处理的固体废物产生情况进行了调查,对该县工业固体。尤其是可燃的工业固体废物的基本情况有了深入的了解。对我国中小城镇中固废管理和处理方面常出现的问题作了简要分析。     

Effect of soil acidification on yield and quality of tea tree in tea plantations from Anxi county,Fujian Province北大核心CSCD

In order to investigate the effect of tea tree rhizosphere soil acidification on yield and quality of tea tree, the pH value, yield, and quality index of fresh tea leaves of different ages were analyzed, and the correlation between rhizosphere soil acidification and ages, yield, and quality index were studied from nine tea plantations in Anxi county, Fujian Province. The results showed that 37.67% of the nine soils were acidified, and 10.03% of them were suitable for planting tea tree. Furthermore, the results indicated that the age of tea tree was significantly and negatively correlated with the soil pH value, as shown by a decrease in soil pH values associated with an increase in tree age. In addition, the yield of spring and fall crops of tea from these nine plantations were all significantly and positively correlated with the pH value, with correlation coefficients distribution values of 0.912-0.952 and 0.898-0.973, respectively. In addition, quality indices, including polyphenols, theanine, and caffeine for the nine tea plantations were all significantly and positively correlated with their soil pH values, and their correlation coefficient distribution values were 0.897-0.959, 0.908-0.974, and 0.907-0.975, respectively. Above all, as tea tree ages increased, rhizosphere soil acidity was significantly increased, and yield and quality of tea presented a statistically significantly up/down trend. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.