DDTC—TX—100胶束增溶直接光度法测定水中低含量铜

ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ１００对ＤＤＴＣ（二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠）与铜反应生成的络合物Ｃｕ（ＤＤＴＣ）２有增溶增敏作用,建立了低含量铜直接光度测定法。操作简便快速,选择性、精密度和回收率均较好,相对标准偏差为０８％～４３％,回收率为９６％～１０６％,摩尔吸光系数ε＝６４×１０３Ｌ／（ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ     

矿山开发建设项目环境影响评价的特点与方法探讨

本文通过对矿山开发建设项目的环境问题进行分析,结合《环境影响评价技术导则》,提出该类型项目环境影响评价的方法,对矿山开发建设项目环境影响评价工作具有参考价值。     

矿山环境影响评价内容和程序探讨

针对矿业开发引起的主要环境问题,通过对矿山环境影响评价的现状、存在问题的分析研究,探讨了目前矿山环境影响评价的主要评价内容和工作程序,并展望了矿山环境影响评价的未来。     

Restoring the plant productivity of heavy metal-contaminated soil using phosphate sludge, marble waste, and beneficial microorganisms

Assisted natural remediation (ANR) has been highlighted as a promising, less expensive, and environmentally friendly solution to remediate soil contaminated with heavy metals. We tested the effects of three amendments (10% compost, C; 5 or 15% phosphate sludge, PS5 and PS15; and 5 or 15% marble waste, MW5 and MW15) in combination with microorganism inoculation (rhizobacteria consortium alone, mycorrhizae alone, and the two in-combination) on alfalfa in contaminated soil. Plant concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Pb were measured, along with proline and malondialdehyde production. The microbiological and physicochemical properties of the mining soil were evaluated. Application of the amendments allowed germination and promoted growth. Inoculation with the rhizobacteria consortium and/or mycorrhizae stimulated plant growth. PS and MW stimulated the production of proline. Inoculation of alfalfa with the rhizobacteria-mycorrhizae mixture and the application of MW allowed the safe cultivation of the legume, as shown by the low concentrations of metals in plant shoots. Zn and Pb concentrations were below the limits recommended for animal grazing and accumulated essentially in roots. Soil analyses showed the positive effect of the amendments on the soil physicochemical properties. All treatments increased soil pH (around 7), total organic carbon, and assimilable phosphorus content. Notably, an important decrease in soluble heavy metals concentrations was observed. Overall, our findings revealed that the applied treatments reduced the risk of metal-polluted soils limiting plant growth. The ANR has great potential for success in the restoration of polymetallic and acidic mining soils using the interaction between alfalfa, microorganisms, and organo-mineral amendments.     

江西德兴矿集区土壤重金属污染分析

矿山开发必然对矿区及周边地区的环境造成污染。文章以江西德兴铜多金属矿山及矿集区为研究区,开展区域土壤的重金属污染研究。在德兴地区4 800 km2的范围内,系统采集土壤样品919个。同时,采用X荧光光谱法、等离子原子发射光谱法等现代测试技术,分析了土壤中重金属(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Pb)的含量。样品中重金属As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu和Pb的含量变化范围分别为1.790~899,0.034~4.980,0.043~8.330,10~666,25~18 500,6~1 825,16~1 312 mg/kg。通过对样品的重金属元素含量统计分析和绘制等值线图,发现该区域土壤中存在不同程度的As、Hg、Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb重金属污染。污染区域主要分布在德兴铜钼和铅锌矿区、乐安河下游乐平附近的煤矿区、西北部的煤矿区以及南部的电化学厂附近。     

铜矿尾矿库复垦种植牡丹可行性研究

对铜陵市凤凰山铜矿废弃尾矿库上复垦种植牡丹可行性进行了试验，通过合理选择不同对照地，从土壤的理化性质，被污染程度比较，为尾矿库复垦的土壤改良提供依据。并对种植的牡丹从生长情况、药用成分、微量元素含量等进行了分析了评价，认为在铜尾矿库中复垦种植的牡丹可以作为中草药。     

基于ARCVIEW的矿区生态环境质量评价系统设计与实现

提出了应用地理信息系统ARCVIEW软件和空间信息管理和分析技术对矿区生态环境质量因子进行分析，结合Visual Basic编程软件和Visual foxpro数据库软件建立生态环境质量评价系统的方法，并在实验区实践应用，实现了生态环境质量评价信息数据输入、分析处理、结果输出等功能，使生态环境质量评价更具合理性和可操作性，评价结果形象、直观，为矿区环境管理、决策提供有利的依据、     

二氧化氯处理矿山含氰废水的实验研究

实验采用二氧化氯 ( Cl O2 )作为矿山含氰废水处理剂 ,含氰废水在 p H 8.5～ 11.5之间 ,Cl O2 /CN- ≥ 3 (质量比 )的条件下 ,搅拌反应 3 0 min后 ,氰化物去除率达 99%以上 ,p H<9,CN- <0 .5 mg/L,达到《污水综合排放标准》中的一级标准。实验表明 ,利用 Cl O2 的强氧化性处理矿山含氰废水 ,具有投药量少、使用便捷、无二次污染等优点 ,且处理效果明显优于传统次氯酸盐处理法。     

Improved Cu and Zn sorption on oxidized wheat lignocellulose

We studied the effect an oxidizing treatment of a lignocellulosic substrate, extracted from wheat bran, on the sorption of Cu and Zn. Oxidizing agents, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) or sodium periodate (NaIO₄), creates oxygenated functions, e.g. alcohol and carboxylic acid, which increase the density of functional sites and the binding capacity of lignocellulose towards copper and zinc. We found that the treatment with KMnO₄ is the most efficient, with an increase of about 30–40% metal ion binding, compared to 15–25% using NaIO₄. The investigation of the oxidation process shows that the efficiency of KMnO₄ can be attributed to its affinity towards insaturated double bonds of lignin entities. Oxidized lignocellulose is thus a promising, efficient, and cheap biomaterial for the decontamination of wastewater.     

在线分离富集FI分光光度法直接测定铜

本文针对ＡＡＳ法测定痕量铜时，大量铁存在表现干扰，研究并建立了流动注射（ＦＩ）在线螯合树脂分离富集光度法直接测定痕量铜的新方法，具有灵敏度高、选择性强；因此，已成功地用于水样中痕量铜的测定，该法在水质检验和环境监测中有一定的适用性．