Density-dependent kinetics models for a simple description of complex phenomena in macroscopic mass-balance modeling of bioreactors

From experiments originally proposed by Ardity et al. [Arditi, R., Perrin, N., Saïah, H., 1991. Functional responses and heterogeneities: an experimental test with cladocerans. Oikos 60, 69–75] in the field of fundamental ecology, this paper derives conditions under which mass balance ratio-dependent kinetics models are more appropriate (in a sense to be specified in the sequel) than substrate-dependent kinetics models to macroscopically describe bioprocesses with attached biomass. From literature results, it is also suggested that the use of Contois growth functions should be preferred to substrate-dependent kinetics when macroscopically modeling an immobilized-biomass bioreactor. The “robustness” of this result, rather based on a qualitative reasoning, is investigated in simulation and a number of fundamental properties of ratio-dependent models are highlighted. Furthermore, it is shown that ratio-dependent models are well suited to describe macroscopically bioreactors where the diffusion phenomenon is obviously one of the most important limiting factor.     

Curb Your Enthusiasm: On Media Communication of Bioenergy and the Role of the News Media in Technology Diffusion

There is widespread agreement that the mitigation of climate changes requires societies across the globe to speed up the diffusion of renewable energy technologies. This article pursues an interest in the diffusion of one such technology: bioenergy. It does so through a study of how bioenergy is covered and communicated in the news media of Norway and Sweden, countries where the diffusion of this technology looks radically different. Mobilizing a domestication perspective, it finds that the news media in the two countries ascribe diverging meaning to the technology, offering audiences clearly varied images of what bioenergy “is.” In other words, the technology is domesticated in different ways, suggesting that media coverage plays a role in systems of innovation and diffusion. How this affects the public, however, is an under analyzed element in the innovation and diffusion literature, and the article calls for further investigation into this matter.     

锶在水中的扩散参数研究

扩散参数是影响物质在水中迁移的一个比较重要的参数，本论文通过自己设计的扩散装置，采用^87Sr(NO3)2作为示踪剂研究了锶元素在水环境中的扩散参数，同时还从理论计算上对试验结果进行了验证。     

液氯瞬时泄放扩散过程实时仿真

分析液氯钢瓶或容器爆炸后的氯气扩散各阶段的数学模型，设计了计算机实时仿真软件，最后给出大气扩散模型计算的云团在风力驱使下漂浮途中造成污染区域的等浓度曲线。文章的结论和实施方案对其它液化气体、尤其是重气的扩散过程模拟及实时仿真有参考价值。     

大连港3号排污口对海水的油污染及其扩散分析

本文通过１年的监测数据，初步分析季大连港３号排污口对附近海水的油污染状况，海水的油浓度与油类排放量的关系，以及油污染物迁移扩散的规律。     

毒气扩散中最大浓度及安全间距的估算

分析了毒气扩散对环境的危害性,建立了毒气云扩散的计算模型,并运用Matlab进行模拟计算,得到了在不同风速下的地面最大浓度和安全间距,为消除炼油厂和油库在遭到破坏后产生的次生灾害提供了必要的参考。     

重庆大渡口地区大气质量模式及其应用

本文以高斯模式为核心,在现场试验的基础上,通过分析当地污染气象特征,合理选用参数,建立了适用于重庆市大渡口地区的空气质量模式。经过与实测值的比较分析,认为该模式是可行的。应用该模式预测了重庆钢铁公司“七五”改扩建工程对大气环境质量的影响。     

高斯迭加模式在区域性大气环境影响评价中多源污染的应用

在区域大气环境影响评价中，经常遇到多个污染源复合污染问题。由于其污染特性与单源污染不同，容易造成评价区局部地区严重污染（如出现高浓度环岛）。本文推荐使用高斯迭加模式进行复合污染的计算，并在此基础上绘制污染物等浓度线图，为环保决策部门提供图文并茂的环评资料，同时也就应用高斯迭加模式计算的产生的各种误差进行了探讨。     

应用被动扩散管采样监测室内环境空气中的SO_2和NO_2

辽宁省环境监测中心站引进英国的扩散管和监测分析技术,把它应用于室内污染物监测。在沈阳、抚顺两市布 设室内监测点位15个,包括燃煤户和燃气户,监测室内环境中SO2和NO2,调查持续了6个月(每个样品采集时间为一个 月),试验对燃煤户和燃气户结果进行了比较,结果充分体现出辽宁省燃煤加重SO2污染的特点。     

南京市街道峡谷机动车尾气污染特点和环境容量分析

通过对具有街道峡谷特征的南京市中山路机动车的车流量污染物质量浓度和气象要素的调查与监测，了解到中山路机动车尾气污染物中CO，NO x的质量浓度与车流量有关，成正比关系，日车流量高峰时间分别在10：00，14：00和18：00。中山路环境容量分析是通过污染物扩散模型对CO，NOx污染物质量浓度模拟，其模拟结果和实测结果相近：CO质量浓度的模拟和实测结果比值在[0.5,2]区间的比例为96％，NOx质量浓度的模拟和实测结果比值在[0.5,2]区间的比例为80％，表明模拟结果有效。