上海化学工业区地下水环境质量评价

以上海化学工业区地下水水质监测资料为基础,结合实际情况选取22项评价因子,依据地下水质量标准,采用综合评价法对该地区的地下水环境质量进行评价分析.评价结果表明,化工区地下水环境质量状况较差,监测项目中无机物超标情况严重,某些金属离子和酸根离子含量较高; 而有机物指标含量均低于方法检出限.此外,该地区地下水水化学特征呈明显的水平分带性,由南至北宏量元素逐渐降低,酚类含量逐渐增高,而重金属含量则基本保持不变,水化学类型由咸水类型向淡水类型转变.     

上海佘山国家森林公园空气负离子动态及其主要影响因子

以上海佘山国家森林公园为研究地,通过定点观测,对比分析了林内与空地的空气负离子在日变化和季节变化上的规律。研究结果表明:在一日内的上午、中午、下午3个时段,林内与空地的空气负离子浓度和安培空气离子评价系数(CI)值均无显著性差异;而在这3个时段,林内的空气负离子浓度和CI值均显著高于空地;季节上,林内与空地的负离子浓度、CI值以及空气清洁程度均为夏秋季大于春季大于冬季,林内和空地在夏秋两季负离子浓度和CI值都显著大于空地。同时林内的空气清洁程度在4个季节皆高于空地。通过多元回归分析得出,总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)是影响夏秋两季林内负离子浓度和CI值的主要影响因素;相对湿度是影响夏秋两季空地空气负离子浓度和CI值的主要影响因素。     

水生植被恢复对东莞生态工业园区水质改善的影响研究

为促进工业园区水生态环境建设,以东莞生态产业园区水生态系统恢复为研究对象,研究了其建园初期水生植被恢复对重污染水体水质修复的影响,并应用因子分析法对水质与主要生态因子之间的相互关系进行了研究,探讨了水体修复效果与水生植被覆盖率的关系.结果表明：水生植被恢复可使园区生态岛群与月湖主要水质指标（总氮、总磷、氨氮和高锰酸盐指数）从建设初期（2011 年5 月）的劣V 类改善为II-III 类（2012 年）,透明度提高约1 倍,而下沙与大圳埔湿地也从劣V类（2011 年5 月）改善为IV-V 类（2012 年）,透明度提高约50%.10 项水质指标的因子分析表明,园区水质成因可归为综合营养因子（氨氮、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素、透明度、总磷和总氮）、温度因子（温度、电导率、硝态氮）和光合作用因子（溶解氧和pH）,其中主导指标为氨氮、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a、透明度和总磷等.三类因子分别客观反映了修复水体的水质变化特点：氮磷及有机物的含量越低则水体透明度越高,水质越优;温度升高有利于水质改善;藻类光合作用减弱,则水质变优.生态岛群、月湖、下沙、大圳埔湿地的水生植被覆盖率分别为43.8%、22%、4.3%、9.1%,此差异与水质修复效果相关.回归分析显示水质指标与水生植被覆盖率呈极显著的二项式关系（p〈0.01）,根据拟合方程计算得出污染物浓度最低、透明度最高、综合水质最优时的水生植被覆盖率变动范围为30%~35%.因此,生态岛群与月湖的水质改善效果优于大圳埔湿地,大圳埔湿地则又优于下沙湿地;下沙与大圳埔湿地可通过适当增加浮、挺水植物的面积比例,提高水体修复能力.文中所得最适水生植被覆盖率范围可为华南地区工业园区水生态初期修复提供一定的参考价值.     

What affects perceptions of local residents toward protected areas? A case study from Kure Mountains National Park,Turkey

Local residents’ active participation is essential in protected areas to ensure achievement of conservation goals. One of the important steps for ensuring the active participation of local residents is to determine the perceptions and the factors that influence the perceptions of the local residents toward the protected area. In this context, the researchers of this study try to come up with the perception formed among the local residents toward the protected areas and especially toward Kure Mountains National Park (KMNP), the factors that would influence their perceptions and the ways how their perceptions are influenced. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the putative influence of variables on perceptions toward protected areas. According to study results, the survey respondents have displayed a positive perception toward the protected areas in the world and in KMNP. It was determined that the respondents formed a positive perception from their economic, environmental and recreational interaction with KMNP. Also, the outcomes of this study showed that the perception developed by local residents toward the protected areas in the world and KMNP are influenced by gender, the level of satisfaction derived from the national park, duration of their residence in the national park, and that the perception that KMNP conservation are beneficial for the source values of the area, the current protection works in the world, as well as its impacts on their living conditions.     

促进环保产业园区创新创业机制政策作用力研究

文章研究分析了环保产业园发展不同阶段的特征,采用单因素评价法、专家咨询法和模糊综合评价法等方法研究分析了科技人才政策、财税激励政策、金融政策、规范引导政策和配套服务政策等五类环保产业园创新创业促进政策在环保产业园发展的诞生阶段、成长阶段、成熟阶段和衰退阶段以及园区建设全过程的作用力情况,分析得出环保产业园区建设各阶段应...     

括苍山淡竹森林公园旅游资源特征及开发设想

淡竹森林公园地处括苍山脉中部,保存有括苍山脉最好、最完整的常绿阔叶林,是浙中和浙东沿海区域原生性最强的原始次生森林。在系统调查的基础上,分析得出淡竹森林公园旅游资源的6大特点——风景资源品味较高,天然常绿阔叶林景观较典型,水体景观多姿多彩,山体和岩体景观奇妙,森林环境优异,山区风情较淳厚;提出了淡竹森林公园旅游开发的5条基本思路,即依法开发、保护为先,体现特色与周边景区互补相结合,突出重点与循序发展相结合,旅游产品应以自然性休闲型为主导,塑造主题旅游形象,强化宣传促销。     

Issues and impacts of Redwood National Park expansion

In 1968, Redwood National Park was created in an atmosphere of controversy and compromise to preserve remnants of the coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) ecosystems and the streams and seashores with which they are associated. The 1968 boundary included the lower portions of several watersheds in the park, which meant that potential impacts from upstream, privately owned lands might occur. Between 1968 and 1978, controversy continued between preservation and forest industry interests over the impacts of harvesting old growth timber upslope and upstream from the park. In 1978, the southern portion of the park around Redwood Creek was expanded by 48,000 acres, moving the boundary from a narrow, one-half mile riparian corridor to ridgelines, but still leaving two-thirds of the total watershed outside of the park. The park expansion has generated biological and social impacts and opportunities. Meeting the objectives of the 1978 legislation will require close coordination between federal and state government and local communities.     

典型化工园区民众对生态恢复的参与研究

通过问卷探讨泰兴化工园区民众对生态恢复的认知度和参与度,分析民众参与生态恢复的影响因素.研究发现:园区民众生态恢复意识处于政府依赖型,忽视科研部门的指导作用;性别、年龄、文化程度和职业是影响民众生态恢复认知、诉求意愿与途径的主要因素,此外,民众对生态恢复的参与深度虽受年龄、文化程度、职业和当地居住时间的影响,但与性别和...     

生态工业园决策支持系统的开发

计算机决策支持系统已经比较成熟地应用于许多行业,但在生态工业园建设管理中尚未得到应用。本文结合生态工业园建设管理的特点,分析了生态工业园决策支持系统开发的功能要求,提出了一种基于GIS、数据仓库、数据挖掘以及联机分析技术,并结合专家系统的生态工业园智能决策支持系统的框架,探讨了决策支持系统在生态工业园建设管理中的发展前景。     

Beehive fences as a multidimensional conflict‐mitigation tool for farmers coexisting with elephants

Increasing habitat fragmentation and human population growth in Africa has resulted in an escalation in human–elephant conflict between small‐scale farmers and free‐ranging African elephants (Loxodonta Africana). In 2012 Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) implemented the national 10‐year Conservation and Management Strategy for the Elephant in Kenya, which includes an action aimed at testing whether beehive fences can be used to mitigate human–elephant conflict. From 2012 to 2015, we field‐tested the efficacy of beehive fences to protect 10 0.4‐ha farms next to Tsavo East National Park from elephants. We hung a series of beehives every 10 m around the boundary of each farm plot. The hives were linked with strong wire. After an initial pilot test with 2 farms, the remaining 8 of 10 beehive fences also contained 2‐dimensional dummy hives between real beehives to help reduce the cost of the fence. Each trial plot had a neighboring control plot of the same size within the same farm. Of the 131 beehives deployed 88% were occupied at least once during the 3.5‐year trial. Two hundred and fifty‐three elephants, predominantly 20–45 years old entered the community farming area, typically during the crop‐ ripening season. Eighty percent of the elephants that approached the trial farms were kept out of the areas protected by the beehive fences, and elephants that broke a fence were in smaller than average groups. Beehive fences not only kept large groups of elephants from invading the farmland plots but the farmers also benefited socially and financially from the sale of 228 kg of elephant‐friendly honey. As news of the success of the trial spread, a further 12 farmers requested to join the project, bringing the number of beehive fence protected farms to 22 and beehives to 297. This demonstrates positive adoption of beehive fences as a community mitigation tool. Understanding the response of elephants to the beehive fences, the seasonality of crop raiding and fence breaking, and the willingness of the community to engage with the mitigation method will help contribute to future management strategies for this high human–elephant conflict hotspot and other similar areas in Kenya.