森林公园景观水系自动监测水质预警体系研究

以奥运森林公园南区景观水系为背景,探讨了如何建立基于自动监测的水质预警体系.水质预警体系中包含5个部分:风险因素自动识别、风险因素定量化分析和预测、水质预测、水质警报指标体系与水质预警、对策及防范措施.结合奥运森林公园南区景观水系的具体情况,分析了上述水质预警体系中各部分的主要实现方法,给出了动态率定法、统计模型法、机...     

煤化工废水中硝基苯胺类污染物的HPLC测定

通过试验建立了工业废水中苯胺类污染物的液相色谱测定方法,优化了试验条件.该方法吸收值与基质质量浓度之间的线性关系非常显著,苯胺和6种硝基苯胺类成分的检出限在0.000 1～0.000 3 mg/L之间,空白加标试验的相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.8％～4.8％之间,基质加标回收率在58.6％～93.8％之间.对煤化工园排...     

奥林匹克公园网球中心污水处理工程中不同组件的膜生物反应器对比研究

奥林匹克公园网球中心污水处理工程主体处理工艺为两套膜生物反应器,两套膜生物反应器并联运行,膜组件分别采用板式膜和管式膜。对两套不同组件的膜生物反应器进行对比研究,结果表明:出水水质均较好;与板式膜膜生物反应器相比,管式膜膜生物反应器流程复杂、清洗过程繁琐、膜分离单元电费和药剂费高,但是维修更换简便。     

湿地水环境健康评价方法及案例分析

水环境健康是湿地生态系统健康的基础.从水环境状态健康和过程健康两方面对水环境健康进行评价研究,其中水环境状态健康主要由水文和水质条件体现,水环境过程健康主要由水环境弹性、稳定性和恢复力体现.基于以上理论,并以西溪湿地公园作为案例,利用该区2009年3月～2010年3月的水环境月监测数据对水环境健康进行分析.结果表明,①西溪湿地水环境健康季节性变化明显,其中,冬季水环境健康指数最低(37.35),处于不健康状态,夏季水环境健康指数最高(46.36),处于亚健康状态;②西溪湿地公园中水塘和河溪水环境健康程度各异,总体而言,水塘水环境健康程度优于河溪水环境,水塘水环境健康指数为42.72,河溪水环境健康指数为37.99;③西溪湿地公园的水环境整体处于亚健康状态,水环境健康指数为53.80.由此可见,冬季改善河溪水环境是提高西溪湿地公园水环境健康的有效途径.     

国际自然公园环境教育评价对我国的启示

环境教育是自然公园服务和管理的核心内容,从而必然成为自然公园综合评价的重要方面。国际上,自然公园环境教育评价已经伴随着公园综合评价的发展而不断成熟,但其在我国尚处于摸索和发展阶段。本文通过世界地质公园网络、美国、澳大利亚相关自然公园环境教育评价现状的分析发现,其发展经验对我国自然公园环境教育评价中确立基本流程和基本原则,制定评价指标体系具有了一定的启示意义。     

Construction of an ecosystem service value evaluation system for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in Chengdu City Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process北大核心CSCD

As a special ecosystem, an urban forest park, which is different from a regular “forest park”, is one of the key elements involved in improving the urban ecological environment and promoting the sustainable development of a city. The “urban forest park” can also significantly improve living conditions by acting as a greenbelt. The Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park is a rare mountain urban forest park located in the center of the city. This “urban forest park” not only provides more ecological products and maintains ecological security but also meets the growing needs of people for food, environmental quality, and spirituality. To comprehensively assess the ecological value of the Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park, this study used the literature analogy and questionnaire survey methods to establish a targeted ecosystem service assessment system in this study area. In addition, combined with the hierarchical analysis method, the indicator system was tested, and the specific evaluation index was determined. In the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park Ecosystem Service Value Index System, three first-level indicators, such as ecological material products (with a weight of 0.412 6), ecological regulation (0.327 5), and dwelling culture (0.259 9); eight secondary indicators, such as product production (0.206 3), resource supply (0.206 3), and biodiversity (0.194 4); and twenty-three tertiary indicators, such as air negative oxygen ion (0.154 7), habitat quality (0.095 9), and ecological health benefit (0.075 5), were identified. From the weights of the first and second indicators, it was clear that the supply of ecological material products is the main service function in the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park ecosystem. Moreover, from the weights of the third indicator, the public’s cognition and concept of the ecosystem service value of the “urban forest park” gradually shifted from the supply service of products and resources to cultural services. In summary, the ecosystem service value assessment system designed for the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park in this study has certain feasibility and extensibility that lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific assessment of ecological value and ecological value realization mechanism for other “forest parks” worldwide. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Speaking of fire: reflexive governance in landscapes of social change and shifting local identities

ABSTRACT

The concept of reflexive governance has to a large extent emerged from an increasing recognition of the need to consider different meanings of nature in the environmental policy-making process. Yet, so far, little attention has been paid to creating conditions for reflexive governance among different actors in intercultural settings, particularly in the context of environmental conflict and strong cultural change among indigenous peoples. This paper reviews three participatory research projects carried out in the Gran Sabana in Canaima National Park, Venezuela, which facilitated dialogue among indigenous people regarding their conflicting views of fire, in part by developing community-wide critical reflections on processes of cultural change and identity formations. These experiences suggest that once marginalized environmental knowledge is publicly acknowledged within the context of endogenous cultural processes, indigenous people feel more confident to engage in dialogue with other actors, thus allowing the emergence of reflexive environmental governance.     

Socio-economic differentiation in the trade of wildlife species for traditional medicines in the Lowveld,South Africa: Implications for resource management initiatives

Surveys of trade in wildlife products utilised in traditional medicine were conducted between 1997 and 1999 on the western boundary of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Although the extent of trade and numbers of people operating in this sector were lower than other regions of South Africa, this study again highlighted the value of indigenous wildlife products to subsistence economies. Apart from cultural diversity, socioeconomic differentiation occurred at a number of levels. (i) There were socio-economic differences between the traders and vendors. (ii) Gender differences were apparent, with women earning significantly less than men and having to undergo more social challenges in their operation in the market place. (iii) Operational differences were noted between the vendors and traders, as well as between the street and pension day vendors. (iv) Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) highlighted the socio-economic differentiation at the household level, emphasizing in particular one of the most vulnerable groups, the elderly. The potential influence of this socio-economic differentiation needs to be considered during the development of Community-Based Conservation programmes, if the dual aims of conserving biodiversity and improving the lives and livelihoods of those who traditionally rely on medicinal plants are to be met.     

Temporal variability in atmospheric Hg released from natural and anthropogenic sources in central Taiwan

From September 2011 to February 2012, ambient air particulate and particulate-bound mercury [Hg(p)] concentrations were measured, together with dry deposition using a cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) analyser, at two characteristic sampling sites in central Taiwan. Results from the sampling site at Westin Park indicated that the lowest particulate dry deposition and lowest average particulate concentrations in total suspended particles (TSP) occurred in September (29.70±7.47 μ g m^?2×min) and February (34.38±13.60 ng m^?3), respectively. Moreover, results from the Gung-Ming junior high school (airport) site, showed that the highest average particulate dry deposition and average highest particulate concentrations in TSP occurred in February (156.76±30.36 μ g m^?2×min) and January (125.49±9.51 ng m^?3), respectively, during the winter. The Dragon Steel Plant and Han-Shian Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation were both nearby. These factors led to the high Hg(p) concentrations at Taichung Airport (TA) compared with Westin Park. Local large suspended particulates from heavy traffic were the main reason for the high average Hg(p) deposition at Westin Park compared with TA in this study.     

Determining the tourism potential of the Altındere Valley National Park (Trabzon/Turkey) with respect to its conservation value

This study was conducted to determine the tourism potential of Alt?ndere Valley National Park with respect to its conservation and utilization. With its natural values, Alt?ndere Valley National Park is one of the internationally prominent areas of potential for the recreational and touristic facilities it offers.

A mathematical method – criterion referenced method – was applied within this study, which was done to portray the touristic potential (resulting from the touristic and recreational utilization of the national park area and recreational zone) of the national park, which was visited by an average of 200,000 local and foreign guests.

According to this method, the conservation and utilization values that appear on two opposite axes were examined in accordance with the natural resource values of the area, and conservation and utilization values for each criterion were determined. Depending on the data, the general exploitable touristic potential of the area was specified.

A survey study was conducted on groups from various disciplines and local & foreign tourists visiting the area in specifying the touristic potential of the National Park. Eleven criteria were defined concerning the area and a criterion reference was prepared for each criterion. Then, conservation and utilization values for each criterion and exploitable touristic potential were mathematically indicated. The fact that the attained values were reduced to a percentage basis provides the opportunity to compare the researched area to similar fields that use the same method. Within the scope of the method, several suggestions were made using the information obtained in the evaluation of the data for every other source value.