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11.
膜电极法与碘量法测定长江水溶解氧的对比试验   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对溶解氧的测定,用膜电极法和碘量法两种方法同时进行了对比测定,结果表明,两种方法的精密度基本一致.  相似文献   
12.
采用室内模拟实验方法,研究环境因子(温度、pH、扰动强度、供气量)对底泥释放COD的影响。结果表明,水温升高能加速底泥中有机质的释放;上覆水在弱酸至中性条件下底泥释放有机质最低;扰动上覆水体会加快有机质的释放。  相似文献   
13.
    
We describe here a one-step method for the synthesis of Au/TiO2 nanosphere materials, which were formed by layered deposition of multiple anatase TiO2 nanosheets. The Au nanoparticles were stabilized by structural defects in each TiO2 nanosheet, including crystal steps and edges, thereby fixing the Au–TiO2 perimeter interface. Reactant transfer occurred along the gaps between these TiO2 nanosheet layers and in contact with catalytically active sites at the Au–TiO2 interface. The doped Au induced the formation of oxygen vacancies in the Au–TiO2 interface. Such vacancies are essential for generating active oxygen species (*O) on the TiO2 surface and Ti3 + ions in bulk TiO2. These ions can then form Ti3 +–O–Ti4 + species, which are known to enhance the catalytic activity of formaldehyde (HCHO) oxidation. These studies on structural and oxygen vacancy defects in Au/TiO2 samples provide a theoretical foundation for the catalytic mechanism of HCHO oxidation on oxide-supported Au materials.  相似文献   
14.
The effects of reduced oxygen concentrations in the gas phase over the culture medium on colony formation and cell proliferation were investigated in high and low cell density primary and secondary cultures of amniotic fluid cells. Using two standard culture methods (25 cm2 plastic flasks and Leighton type tubes) a significantly reduced culture time was observed at high cell density for mass cultures by incubation within a low oxygen tension gas phase (2.5 per cent to 7.5 per cent O2) instead of conventional air (18 per cent O2). At low cell density colony formation was significantly enhanced in cultures grown at reduced oxygen tension. Using gas permeable membranes as support, lowering the oxygen tension from 7.5 per cent to 2.5 per cent yielded an increase in plating efficiency of cells from approximately 5 per cent to 25 per cent, whereas plating efficiency was less than 2 per cent for cells grown at ambient 18 per cent O2. It is suggested that low oxygen tension in the gas phase is an effective means of enhancing clonal growth in amniotic fluid cell cultures, thereby reducing both culture time and risk of culture failure.  相似文献   
15.
用微生物传感器快速法和稀释接种法对地表水和污水处理厂出水中的生化需氧量(BOD)进行了测定,用数理统计的方法对两种方法测定的结果进行了比较。  相似文献   
16.
Spontaneous combustion is a major natural disaster in coal production. In the process of exploring coal self-ignition, a series of hypotheses have been put forward, most scholars agree that the current coal-oxygen compound theory. Oxygen consumption rate reflects the status of coal spontaneous combustion, and it is also one of the parameters necessary for numerical simulation of coal spontaneous combustion. In this paper, a coal heating and oxidation experiment was designed, Experimental device consists of heating and oxidation furnace, gas chromatograph, temperature control and data acquisition systems and other equipment components. Three coal samples whose weight each is 5 g were selected for the study. By experiment, oxygen concentration at the inlet and outlet of temperature oxidation furnace was measured. Oxygen consumption rate is calculated in the heating process of coal according to air flow. In the Cartesian coordinate system, the temperature as abscissa and the oxygen consumption rate for the longitudinal coordinates, drawing the relationship between oxygen consumption rate and temperature plot. And then regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between oxygen consumption rate and coal temperature during the heating and oxidation process of coal. The results show that the oxygen consumption rate and temperature of coal were linear relationships both before and after the critical temperature when the coal temperature is less than 180 °C. Before the critical temperature oxygen consumption rate is low, however it increases rapidly when coal temperature reaches a critical temperature. The result is important for the prevention and treatment of spontaneous combustion of coal.  相似文献   
17.
结合紫外可见吸收光谱与三维荧光光谱法,利用平行因子分析方法研究哈尔滨市磨盘山水库水体中的溶解性有机质(DOM)。结果表明,水体DOM吸收系数α355平均值为(4.71±0.66)m-1,表明水库中有色溶解性有机质(CDOM)较高;水库水体DOM存在3个荧光组分,分别为类腐殖质C1(345 nm、440 nm)、类腐殖质C2(285 nm、405 nm)和类富里酸组分C3(275 nm、475 nm);C1、C3呈现显著的正相关性,自生源指数与C1呈显著的负相关性;类腐殖质的荧光强度在深层水体中逐渐增加,且深层水体的腐殖化程度较高,较为稳定;水库中心水体中DOM的自生源特征较其他区域明显,浮游植物和细菌的有机体降解产物增加。  相似文献   
18.
以安徽省北部开放型沉陷湖泊(口孜东矿沉陷湖)为研究对象,利用各端元溶解性无机碳(DIC)含量及端元模型和CO2扩散模型,确定地下水排放输入的碳通量。结果表明:δ13CDIC与DIC在不同水体中具有相似的变化趋势,两者之间虽然具有一定的相关性,但总体不显著,水化学要素是影响δ13CDIC值空间分布的主要原因;沉陷湖水、河水及地下水中DIC来源为土壤CO2和碳酸盐岩风化,且沉陷湖水中的DIC大部分来自碳酸盐岩风化;水-气界面CO2通量均值达到164.26 mmol/(m2·d),河流输入CO2通量达到368.31 mmol/(m2·d),来自地下水的CO2通量为57.70 mmol/(m2·d)。  相似文献   
19.
Conventional mathematical programming methods, such as linear programming, non linear programming, dynamic programming and integer programming have been used to solve the cost optimization problem for regional wastewater treatment systems. In this study, a river water quality management model was developed through the integration of a genetic algorithm (GA). This model was applied to a river system contaminated by three determined discharge sources to achieve the water quality goals and wastewater treatment cost optimization in the river basin. The genetic algorithm solution, described the treatment plant efficiency, such that the cost of wastewater treatment for the entire river basin is minimized while the water quality constraints in each reach are satisfied. This study showed that genetic algorithm can be applied for river water quality modeling studies as an alternative to the present methods.  相似文献   
20.
This paper models the dissolved oxygen (DO) dynamics in the Orbetello lagoon as a function of the physico-chemical and ecological system variables, including the submerged vegetation, nutrients, and hydrodynamics. It should be viewed as the concluding sequel to a previous paper describing the dynamics of the lagoon ecosystem [Giusti, E., Marsili-Libelli, S., 2006. An integrated model for the Orbetello lagoon ecosystem, Ecol. Model. 196, 379–394] by introducing the missing DO dynamics. The model considers the oxygen demand originating from the decay of carbonaceous and nitrogenous compounds, as well as photosynthesis and natural reaeration by winds and currents as the oxygen producing processes. With a fixed-parameter set the model could accurately reproduce each single circadian DO cycle, but in the long run it failed to extend this fit and could not accommodate the large DO fluctuations induced by the seasonal variability. In order to enhance the model flexibility, a fuzzy pattern recognition algorithm was designed to classify the circadian DO patterns into four typical behaviours, related to the season, and estimate the corresponding parameters, with the overall model output being a fuzzy combination of these sets. The paper discusses several methods to patch the parameter sets and compares their performance in tracking long-term DO variations. A final assessment of the model validity is obtained by incorporating the whole DO dynamics (model, fuzzy pattern recognition and parameter combination) into the general lagoon model and producing a consistently correct series of DO daily distributions over a yearly cycle. Thus the paper contains both a practical and a methodological aspect. The practical one is the linking of all the lagoon dynamics to the dissolved oxygen kinetics in order to clarify to what extent macroalgae and macrophytes influence the oxygen balance. The methodological aspect consists of extending the validity of short-term models to long time-horizons through a patching technique supported by fuzzy pattern recognition.  相似文献   
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