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201.
ROBERT N. LEHMAN KAREN STEENHOF MICHAEL N. KOCHERT LESLIE B. CARPENTER 《Environmental management》1999,23(3):409-417
Buteo regalis ), northern harriers (Circus cyaneus), burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia), and short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) inside and outside a military training site in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area, southwestern Idaho.
The Orchard Training Area is used primarily for armored vehicle training and artillery firing by the Idaho Army National Guard.
Relative abundance of nesting pairs inside and outside the training site was not significantly different from 1991 to 1993
but was significantly higher on the training site in 1994 (P ≤ 0.03). Nesting success varied among years but was not significantly different inside and outside the training site (P > 0.26). In 1994, short-eared owl and burrowing owl nests were significantly closer to firing ranges used early in the spring
before owls laid eggs than were random points (P < 0.001). In 1993, distances from occupied burrowing owl nests to firing ranges used early in the year were similar to those
from random points to the same firing ranges (P = 0.16). Military activity contributed to some nesting failures from 1992 to 1994, but some pairs nested successfully near
military activity. 相似文献
202.
国道318线二郎山西口至康定县城沿线地质灾害发育特征及治理对策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在川藏公路关键段二郎山西口至康定县城长74km的范围内,共发育滑坡34处、崩塌33处、泥石流43处,其发育密度分别达0.46,0.44和0.58个(条)/km。分析表明,上述地质灾害的分布与该地所赋存的地形地貌、地持构造及岩性条件等密切相关。 相似文献
203.
The solid-liquid distribution coefficient (Kd) is the parameter that governs the incorporation of contaminants in soils. Its estimation allows the prediction of the fate of contaminants in the short- and long-term after a contamination event. Here, the Kd of radiostrontium (Kd(Sr)), a radionuclide of significant environmental interest, was predicted by hard models, which are based on knowledge of the mechanisms governing its sorption, and by soft models based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), using a large data set with the main soil parameters. The two approaches were tested and compared for 30 soils in Spain. Correlations between the predicted and experimental values of Kd(Sr) obtained using hard- and soft-modelling showed slopes close to 1 and regression coefficients higher than 0.95, which confirms that both approaches are able to obtain satisfactory estimates for Kd(Sr) from soil parameters. 相似文献
204.
Tagetes erecta has a high potential for cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation. Through several hydroponic experiments, characteristics of 108Cd distribution and accumulation were investigated in T. erecta with split -roots or removed xylem/phloem. The results showed that 108Cd transport from roots to aboveground tissues showed the homolateral transport phenomenon in split-root seedlings. 108Cd content of leaves on the +108Cd side and the −108Cd side was not significantly different, which implied that there was horizontal transport of 108Cd from the +108Cd side to the −108Cd side in cut-root seedlings. Like 108Cd transport, the transport of 70Zn was homolateral. Reduction of water consumption in the removed xylem treatment significantly decreased 108Cd accumulation; whereas, the removed phloem treatment had no significant effect on water consumption, but did decrease 108Cd accumulation in leaves of the seedlings. The removal of phloem significantly reduced distal leaf 108Cd content, which was significantly lower than that in the basal leaves in both the split-root and unsplit-root seedlings. Overall, the results presented in this study revealed that the root to aboveground cadmium translocation via phloem is as an important and common physiological process as xylem determination of the cadmium accumulation in stems and leaves of marigold seedlings. 相似文献
205.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):505-516
Abstract With the phase-out of methyl bromide scheduled for 2005, alternative fumigants are being sought. This study of Telone C35, a mixture of (Z)- and (E)-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) with chloropicirin (CP), focuses on its emissions, distribution, and persistence in Florida sandy soil in microplots with different soil–water and organic matter carbon (C) content with and without two different plastic film mulches. The addition of CP did not affect the physical behavior of the isomers of 1,3-D. Slower subsurface dispersion and longer residence time of the mixed fumigant occurred at higher water content. An increase in the percent organic carbon in the soil led to a more rapid decrease for chloropicirin than for 1,3-dichloropene isomers. The use of a virtually impermeable film (VIF) for soil cover provided a more even distribution and longer persistence under all the conditions studied in comparison to polyethylene (PE) film cover or no cover. The conditions of near field capacity water content, low organic matter, and a virtually impermeable film cover yielded optimum conditions for the distribution, emission control, and persistence of Telone C35 in a Florida sandy soil. 相似文献
206.
Yue Rong 《Environmental Forensics》2013,14(4):213-220
This paper reviews four commonly used statistical methods for environmental data analysis and discusses potential pitfalls associated with application of these methods through real case study data. The four statistical methods are percentile and confidence interval, correlation coefficient, regression analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The potential pitfall for estimation of percentile and confidence interval includes the automatic assumption of a normal distribution to environmental data, which so often show a log-normal distribution. The potential pitfall for correlation coefficient includes the use of a wide range of data points in which the maximum in value may trivialize other smaller data points and consequently skew the correlation coefficient. The potential pitfall for regression analysis includes the propagation of uncertainties of input variables to the regression model prediction, which may be even more uncertain. The potential pitfall for ANOVA includes the acceptance of a hypothesis as a weak argument to imply a strong conclusion. As demonstrated in this paper, we may draw very different conclusions based on statistical analysis if the pitfalls are not identified. Reminder and enlightenment obtained from the pitfalls are given at the end of this article. 相似文献
207.
208.
江苏省近40年农业干旱发生规律 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
利用1960年至1998年全省各站降水量、蒸散量和旱情记载等资料,研究确定了干旱指数计算的方法和不同季节的干旱指标。在此基础上,分析总结了江苏省近40年来的农业干旱发生规律,发现90年代以来江苏省秋旱发生概率呈上升趋势。 相似文献
209.
断面污染物分布均匀度及影响因素研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水质监测在跨行政区、跨水域功能区、排污总量控制区的水质控制与管理方面有着非常重要的作用,而断面污染物分布均匀与否是水环境监测断面采样是否具备可靠性、合理性和代表性的关键。本文根据监测采样要求提出了断面污染物分布均匀度的概念,即断面污染物分布均匀度是指在污染带内任一垂直于水流方向断面上某一污染物最小浓度值与最大浓度值之比。并就污染物排放量、河流环境水文特征、河流背景浓度、排污方式等断面污染物分布均匀度影响因素进行了分析研究,借助水质模拟技术,反演在上游有排污口情况下如何布置排污方式以满足下游监测采样的要求。这对跨界河流的水质交接、流域水环境质量管理、排污总量控制、水环境监测断面设置等方面的应用具有重要指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
210.
He G Chen X Liu W Bearer S Zhou S Cheng LY Zhang H Ouyang Z Liu J 《Environmental management》2008,42(6):1017-1025
Ecotourism is widely promoted as a conservation tool and actively practiced in protected areas worldwide. Theoretically, support for conservation from the various types of stakeholder inside and outside protected areas is maximized if stakeholders benefit proportionally to the opportunity costs they bear. The disproportional benefit distribution among stakeholders can erode their support for or lead to the failure of ecotourism and conservation. Using Wolong Nature Reserve for Giant Pandas (China) as an example, we demonstrate two types of uneven distribution of economic benefits among four major groups of stakeholders. First, a significant inequality exists between the local rural residents and the other types of stakeholder. The rural residents are the primary bearers of the cost of conservation, but the majority of economic benefits (investment, employment, and goods) in three key ecotourism sectors (infrastructural construction, hotels/restaurants, and souvenir sales) go to other stakeholders. Second, results show that the distribution of economic benefits is unequal among the rural residents inside the reserve. Most rural households that benefit from ecotourism are located near the main road and potentially have less impact on panda habitat than households far from the road and closer to panda habitats. This distribution gap is likely to discourage conservation support from the latter households, whose activities are the main forces degrading panda habitats. We suggest that the unequal distribution of the benefits from ecotourism can be lessened by enhancing local participation, increasing the use of local goods, and encouraging relocation of rural households closer to ecotourism facilities. 相似文献