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71.
基于自组织映射与哈斯图方法的地表水水质评价研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
地表水水质评价是水资源管理与保护中的非常重要的问题.本研究主要目的是应用自组织映射(Self-Organizing Map,SOM)与哈斯图方法(Hasse Diagram Technique,HDT)对地表水水质监测数据集进行分类、建模、解释与评估.以西苕溪流域为例,对其50个断面于2010年6月-2011年5月进行月频率的水质监测.应用SOM分析发现,水质参数可分成10个聚类组,反映了西苕溪流域水质丰、平与枯水期特征,pH、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)在各个水期变化不大;溶解氧(DO)在枯水期与平水期相对较高,水质具有一定的自净能力;丰水期的氨氮(NH4+-N)、总氮(TN)与总磷(TP)值相对较小;西苕溪流域TN:TP(氮磷质量比)平均为46,监测期间变幅较大为2~482,监测期内有66.7%的水质样本处于磷限制状态,仅有3.2%处于氮限制状态,存在氮限制与磷限制交替出现的状态,表明流域总体处于磷限制状态.选取CODMn、NH4+-N、TN 与TP指标进行HDT综合分析,反映流域上游水质较好,中、下游水质相对较差;敏感性分析结果表明,CODMn敏感性数值最大为235,其次是TN为156,、NH4+-N与TP分别是61与34,表明西苕溪流域的CODMn、TN存在较大的环境风险.建议在西苕溪流域即将开展的环境整治与规划时应考虑开发相关的削减技术与制定相关措施政策以减少CODMn、TN污染. 相似文献
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基于中巴CBERS-2B卫星影像,分析环境监测对影像地图的需求,探讨制作《桂林城区环境监测影像地图》的方法。在影像地图制作中,以GPS的SBAS信号定位,采用WGS84坐标系统,对道路河流等矢量层和监测专题要素层作了专门处理,还讨论了卫星影像在城区环境监测中的应用,探索环境监测遥感影像专题地图的特点、方法、技术难点和需注意的一些问题。 相似文献
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Beaulant AL Perron G Kleinpeter J Weber C Ranchin T Wald L 《Environment international》2008,34(5):599-605
Maps of pollutants concentration are usually generated by means of interpolation and extrapolation methods. The quality of the results depends mainly of the number of permanent or temporary measuring stations. This paper deals with a method for the virtual densification of the network of stations. The method creates "virtual measuring stations". It aims at improving the quality of interpolation by increasing the number of data on pollutant concentration. The virtual stations are determined by the means of a classification method applied to each pixel of the area under concern. Discriminating elements are pollutants emission classes, land cover types, urban morphological indicators created to this purpose and distance to major roads. A first implementation was made for particulate matter (PM) for the city of Strasbourg (France) using thin-plates spline interpolation method in Arcview 9 GIS. The relative Root Mean Square Error decreases from 49% for five input stations down to 15% for the virtual stations. 相似文献
74.
It is thought that young homing pigeons are able to use information acquired en route for their initial homeward orientation. However, the cues involved and mechanisms utilised are under discussion. Blocking light-dependent route-specific information during the first leg of an outward journey detour, together with analysis of pigeons that were raised under different loft conditions, allowed us to correctly evaluate the functioning of this mechanism and, more generally, the navigational map of birds. Pigeons from the same stock were raised and kept in two different lofts. The birds in the experimental groups were transported to the release sites via detours, and light-dependent information was denied during the first half of the outward journey (no compass information was available). Control birds were transported by the most direct route and had access to all available information. In general, the results showed that the low-loft birds preferred to use magnetic compass cues, whereas the high-loft birds preferred to use navigational map cues to collect information of the first part of the outward journey. The impairments observed in the homing performances of the experimental groups highlight the reliability of information collected inside the map area. Relevant to an understanding of the route-reversal mechanism was the evidence that this mechanism is able to function in the absence of compass information (birds raised in a wind-exposed loft show a detour effect). In systems where directional information could be provided by multiple sources, processing and extracting accurate course trajectories through a common mechanism may prove more efficient and reliable. 相似文献
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工作底图的编制是开展抗震规划的基础工作之一,好的工作底图不仅能突出抗震规划专题信息,更有利于规划成果的应用。本文以1∶5 000地形图缩编成1∶5万抗震规划工作底图为例,分析了规划底图缩编过程中存在的问题,探索了基于AutoCAD、南方Cass软件以及Arcgis的缩编方法,从而有效提高抗震规划的工作效率。 相似文献
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Robyn Kruk ;Derek Thompson ;Jiyuan Liu ;Xiangzheng Deng ;Peishen Wang 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(3):244-252
China has made some remarkable achievements in sustainable development,but the constant deterioration of the overall trend of the environment has not yet been effectively curbed.To achieve the goal of sustainable development,we must first ensure coordination and coherence of national development goals in different areas and adhere to green development road.To achieve the objectives related to green development,and to clarify the direction of green development in the next 20years,a road map is needed to guide and coordinate the process.This paper describes the concept of the green development road map,introduces a green development road map for the western region,and further elaborates it The road map clarifies the objectives and guiding principles of green development in the western region,points the areas that deserve more concern and institutional innovation,and builds a green development monitoring and evaluation(M&E)framework.Finally,the paper provides corresponding policy recommendations based on the established road map. 相似文献