崇明东滩湿地沉积物重金属污染的磁诊断

对取自崇明东滩的高潮滩、中潮滩和低潮滩的沉积物柱样进行了磁学、粒度、重金属含量等指标的分析、比较与综合研究. 结果表明:在以粉砂为主的崇明东滩,通过污染负荷指数法进行评价,除低潮滩无污染外,中潮滩和高潮滩均有中度的重金属污染. 选取中度重金属污染的高潮滩沉积物柱样进行粒度、重金属含量以及磁性参数的相关性分析显示,χ_fd,χ_ARM/SIRM与重金属含量和粘土(粒径<4 μm)之间有较高的相关性,并以此建立了磁诊断线性回归模型;χ_fd和χ_ARM/SIRM可作为重金属含量的替代指标.      

航天器在轨自主热故障诊断专家系统研究

航天器在轨自主进行热故障诊断对其顺利完成任务具有非常重要的意义。文中所提出的专家系统推理机制采取基于事例和基于规则相结合的方法构造;而知识获取广泛吸取历史经验和专家知识,采用产生式规则进行知识表示。最后利用VB完成了该专家系统,通过验证,发现它具有很好的实用性。     

基于非线性技术锅炉故障分析*

为预测和判断锅炉故障的发生,完善锅炉故障检测技术,基于锅炉运转具有非线性特点,提出将非线性评价指标应用于锅炉故障诊断。研究特征信号的非线性特性,通过确定延迟时间和嵌入维数来重构相空间;采用混沌分形理论研究非线性评价指标;提取最大Lyapunov指数和关联维数,并为收集的每种特征信号选择最合适的非线性指标。结果表明:蒸汽压力的非线性特征指标应选择关联维数,烟气温度1、烟气温度2、水管温度1和水管温度2的非线性特征指标应当选择最大Lyapunov指数。     

火电机组状态及性能全息诊断系统技术及应用

阐述了火电机组状态及性能全息诊断系统的技术原理、系统结构及应用情况。该系统以解决机组应用性能问题为目标,采用状态空间分析模型,具备多层次分析的运行操作指导,基于性能渐变特性的设备状态检修,包括分散度在内的运行指标考核以及定期的节能潜力诊断等功能,在10余家电厂44台近1500万kW机组上取得了供电煤耗平均降低1.5～3.5g（标煤）/kW.h的节能效果。     

The whole relationship between environmental variables and firm performance: Competitive advantage and firm resources as mediator variables

The examination of the possible direct link between environmental protection and firm performance in the literature has generally produced mixed results. The present paper contributes to the literature by using the resource-based view as a mediating process in this relationship. The study specifically tests whether or not the resource-based view of the firm mediates the positive relationships of proactive environmental management and improved environmental performance with competitive advantage, which also has consequences for financial performance. We also check the possible link between the adoption of a pioneering approach and good environmental management practices. Our findings support that early investment timing and intensity in environmental issues impact on the adoption of a proactive environmental management, which in turn helps to improve environmental performance. The findings also show that a firm's resources and competitive advantage act as mediator variables for a positive relationship between environmental protection and financial performance. This contribution is original because the present paper develops a comprehensive whole picture of this path process, which has previously only been partially discussed in the literature. In addition, this study clarifies a relevant point in the literature, namely that the effect of environmental protection on firm performance is not direct and can vary depending on the sector considered. Whereas competitive advantage in relation to costs influences financial performance in the IPPC law sector, the relevant influence in the hotel sector comes from competitive advantage through differentiation.     

故障诊断专家帮助系统开发及其在电厂脱硝设备中的应用

总结SCR和SNCR两种脱硝系统中常见的21种故障,将人工智能专家系统与脱硝系统的专业知识、故障解决绑定.在Windows开发环境下,使用Visual Basis 6.0,以Access建立专家知识库和数据库,开发出脱硝设备故障诊断专家帮助系统软件.专家帮助系统的主要功能有:查询脱硝系统知识并及时更新数据库,现象分析,...     

Modeling the Effects of Potential Salinity Shifts on the Recovery of Striped Bass in the Savannah River Estuary,Georgia–South Carolina,United States

Increased salinity in spawning and nursery grounds in the Savannah River estuary was cited as the primary cause of a 97% decrease in adult striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and a concomitant 96% decrease in striped bass egg production. Restoration efforts focused on environmental remediation and stock enhancement have resulted in restored salinity patterns and increased egg and adult abundances. However, future water needs or harbor development may preclude further recovery by reducing freshwater inflow or increasing salinity intrusion. To assess the effect of potential changes in the salinity regime, we developed models relating discharge, tidal phase, and salinity to striped bass egg and early larval survival and re-cast these in a quantitative Bayesian belief network. The model indicated that a small upstream shift (≤1.67 km) in the salinity regime would have the least impact on striped bass early life history survival, whereas shifts >1.67 km would have progressively larger impacts, with a 8.33-km shift potentially reducing our estimated survival probability by >28%. Such an impact could have cumulative and long-term detrimental effects on the recovery of the Savannah River striped bass population. The available salinity data were collected during average and low flows, so our model represents some typical and some extreme conditions during a striped bass spawning season. Our model is a relatively simplistic, “first-order” attempt at evaluating potential effects of changes in the Savannah River estuarine salinity regime and points to areas of concern and potential future research.     

加强环境监测管理的几点思考

分析了环境监测在环境管理活动各个阶段所发挥的重要作用,以及目前环境监测管理中存在的主要问题,提出了加强监测管理的建议,旨在建设先进的环境监测预警体系,开创环境质量监测工作新局面。     

加强预警监测体系建设 高效应对突发生态环境问题

简述了区域突发生态环境问题的现状与特点以及环境监测应对突发生态环境问题的现状,指出了环境监测应对突发生态环境污染存在的问题。提出,应加快预警监测技术体系建设,丰富预警监测技术手段,重视生物生态监测在预警监测中的作用,提高环境质量综合评价水平,发挥环境信息系统在预警监测中的作用,加强预警监测技术人才培养。     

污染源自动监测数据异常诊断系统研究

简述了污染源自动监测数据异常诊断系统的概念以及异常数据的来源,以及系统的工作原理和基本功能结构。提出了系统模拟专家分析过程的信息处理工作方式,以期实现污染源自动监测数据质量自动诊断与故障识别。