浅谈我国环境标准在环境管理中的作用

简述了我国环境标准的现状,体系和分类,分析了环境标准在环境管理中的作用。指出环境标准是制定环境规划的重要依据;是各级环保部门行使管理职能的基本依据;是企业污染治理是否达标的限定值;是推动环保科技进步的动力;是环境评价的准绳;是开展环境保护工作的基础;是环境保护法规的重要组成部分;具有投资导向作用。     

如何应对当前环境应急工作面临的困难

介绍了我国环境应急工作面临的现状和困难,认为我国已进入了环境污染事故高发期,而我国环境应急工作起步较迟,应急能力基础薄弱,难以承受巨大的环境安全重压。因此,各级政府和环保部门应当采取有效措施,积极应对当前的困难,除了建立环境应急预案体系,还应建立联动机制,实行全过程控制等。     

浅议环境保护专项资金效益审计的重点和方法

重点论述了从征、管、用三大环节对环保专项资金进行效益审计。论述了审计方法,提出了存在的问题和建议。     

环境保护是可持继发展的基础和关键

作者主要对环境保护是可持续发展的基础和关键、建立健全可持续发展机制、推进环境保护促进经济发展进行了论述,说明了环境保护与可持续发展重要关系。     

环境监测现场监测中的质量管理

本文简要介绍了保证环境监测结果质量需控制的现场监测质量要素,并提出了相应的措施和建议。     

High-resolution modeling and evaluation of ozone air quality of Osaka using MM5-CMAQ system

High-resolution modeling approach is increasingly being considered as a necessary step for improving the monitoring and predictions of regional air quality. This is especially true for highly urbanized region with complex terrain and land-use. This study uses Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model coupled with MM5 mesoscale model for a comprehensive analysis to assess the suitability of such high-resolution modeling system in predicting ozone air quality in the complex terrains of Osaka, Japan. The 1-km and 3-km grid domains were nested inside a 9-km domain and the domain with 1-km grid covered the Osaka region. High-resolution Grid Point Value-Mesoscale Model (GPV-MSM) data were used after suitable validation. The simulated ozone concentrations were validated and evaluated using statistical metrics using performance criteria set for ozone. Daily maxima of ozone were found better simulated by the 1-km grid domain than the coarser 9-km and 3-km domains, with the maximum improvement in the mean absolute gross error about 3 ppbv. In addition, 1-km grid results fared better than other grids at most of the observation stations that showed noticeable di erences in gross error as well as correlation. These results amply justify the use of the integrated high-resolution MM5-CMAQ modeling system in the highly urbanized region, such as the Osaka region, which has complex terrain and land-use.     

虚拟专用网络在江苏环境自动监测领域的应用

通过研究虚拟专用网络（VPN）在环境监测领域中的使用现状,结合江苏省自动站直联中国环境监测总站集成项目的设计方案与多个环境自动监控数据采集平台的运用,阐明了VPN网络在环境监测领域应用的优、缺点,同时为完善虚拟专业网络在环境监测领域的应用提出了对策和建议。     

基于DEA-Malmquist的我国城市物质代谢效率评价

运用数据包络分析与麦氏指数(DEA-Malmquist),从"技术效率"、"技术变动效率"和"全要素生产率"三个方面,对我国34个城市从2005年到2007年的物质代谢效率进行实证分析,结果表明:物质代谢效率的总体水平不高,被评估的34个城市中有19个城市在评价期间是无效率的,主要分布在西部地区;并且整体而言,"全要素生产率"和"技术变动效率"要优于"技术效率";结果还表明:34个城市物质代谢的"技术效率"普遍处于中等水平,没有呈现出明显的空间分布差异,但是"技术变动效率"则在长三角地区的城市中体现出较为明显的优势,最后,提出了针对性的建议。     

Collectively engaging complex socio-ecological systems: re-envisioning science, governance, and the California Delta

We address the future of science and governance for the California Delta, focusing on the CALFED Bay-Delta Program, an interagency, multi-stakeholder effort to understand and manage the Delta for multiple purposes. We portray a Delta history as a coevolutionary process between science, governance and ecosystems. Global integrated environmental assessments (IEA) provide insights into understanding complex, dynamic socio-ecological systems. Many of the discursive stakeholder and scientific activities that have arisen under CALFED are similar to IEA and remain essential to the shared learning needed to effectively interact with a dynamic Delta. More deliberately enmeshing environmental monitoring, analysis, and collective learning into Delta governance will improve outcomes.     

Ways of reducing pesticides use in Bordeaux vineyards

French and European incentives, such as Plan Ecophyto 2018, European directive for a sustainable use of pesticides, reinforce the requirement for vine-growers to engage in more environmentally friendly farming practices. In this respect, this paper presenting the results of a large questionnaire survey conducted in Bordeaux area vineyards and focusing on the behaviour of their vine-growers towards environmental innovations is particularly adequate. Founding that the most important environmental issue in vineyards relates to the use of pesticides, the paper characterizes the main economic and cognitive factors determining vine-growers' environmental innovations. It allows determining possible policies milestones, efficient and feasible, towards a more environmentally friendly vineyard. The paper first outlines the analytical framework, then highlights the main results and, finally, goes through further discussion and policy implications.