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431.
432.
Yuping Chen Hui Yan Yijuan Yao Chunling Zeng Ping Gao Liyue Zhuang Liya Fan Daiqi Ye 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(8):1-13
Due to the influences of precursors emissions, meteorology, geography and other factors, ozone formation sensitivity (OFS) is generally spatially and temporally heterogeneous. This study characterized detailed spatial and temporal variations of OFS in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2012 to 2016 based on OMI satellite data, and analyzed the relationships of OFS with precursors emissions, meteorology and land use types (LUTs). From 2012 to 2016, the OFS tended to be NOx-limited in GBA, with the value of FNR (HCHO/NO2) increasing from 2.04 to 2.22. According to the total annual emission statistics of precursors, NOx emissions decreased by 33.1% and VOCs emissions increased by 35.2% from 2012 to 2016, directly resulting in OFS tending to be NOx-limited. The Grey Relation Analysis results show that total column water (TCW), surface net solar radiation (SSR), air temperature at 2 m (T2) and surface pressure (SP) are the top four meteorological factors with the greatest influences on OFS. There are significant positive correlations between FNR and T2, SSR, TCW, and significant negative correlations between FNR and SP. In GBA, the OFS tends to be NOx-limited regime in wet season (higher T2, SSR, TCW and lower SP) and VOCs-limited regime in dry season (lower T2, SSR, TCW and higher SP). The FNR displays obvious gradient variations on different LUTs, with the highest in “Rural areas”, second in “Suburban areas” and lowest in “Urban areas”. 相似文献
433.
Chemical characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosol in southwest suburb of Beijing
Ruolan Hu Qingcheng Xu Shuxiao Wang Yang Hu Noshan Bhattarai Jingkun Jiang Yu Song Kaspar R. Daellenbach Lu Qi Andre S.H. Prevot Jiming Hao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(9):99-110
PM2.5 filter sampling and components measurement were conducted in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2015 at a suburban site (referred herein as “LLH site”) located in the southwest of Beijing. The offline aerosol mass spectrometry (offline-AMS) analysis and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were applied for measurement and source apportionment of water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA). Organic aerosol (OA) always dominated PM2.5 during the sampling period, especially in winter. WSOA pollution was serious during the polluted period both in autumn (31.1 µg/m3) and winter (31.9 µg/m3), while WSOA accounted for 54.4% of OA during the polluted period in autumn, much more than that (21.3%) in winter. The oxidation degree of WSOA at LLH site was at a high level (oxygen-to-carbon ratio, O/C=0.91) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) contributed more mass ratio of WSOA than primary organic aerosol (POA) during the whole observation period. In winter, coal combustion OA (CCOA) was a stable source of OA and on average accounted for 25.1% of WSOA. In autumn, biomass burning OA (BBOA) from household combustion contributed 38.3% of WSOA during polluted period. In addition to oxygenated OA (OOA), aqueous-oxygenated OA (aq-OOA) was identified as an important factor of SOA. During heavy pollution period, the mass proportion of aq-OOA to WSOA increased significantly, implying the significant SOA formation through aqueous-phase process. The result of this study highlights the concentration on controlling the residential coal and biomass burning, as well as the research needs on aqueous chemistry in OA formation. 相似文献
434.
工业灾害与可持续发展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
介绍了工业灾害、可持续发展及其相互之间的辩证关系,明确了防治工业灾害.保护环境资源,走可持续发展之路是历史的必然,并提出了防治工业灾害的措施。 相似文献
435.
Two statistical modelling techniques, generalized additive models (GAM) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), were used to analyse relationships between the distributions of 15 freshwater fish species and their environment. GAM and MARS models were fitted individually for each species, and a MARS multiresponse model was fitted in which the distributions of all species were analysed simultaneously. Model performance was evaluated using changes in deviance in the fitted models and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calculated using a bootstrap assessment procedure that simulates predictive performance for independent data. Results indicate little difference between the performance of GAM and MARS models, even when MARS models included interaction terms between predictor variables. Results from MARS models are much more easily incorporated into other analyses than those from GAM models. The strong performance of a MARS multiresponse model, particularly for species of low prevalence, suggests that it may have distinct advantages for the analysis of large datasets. Its identification of a parsimonious set of environmental correlates of community composition, coupled with its ability to robustly model species distributions in relation to those variables, can be seen as converging strongly with the purposes of traditional ordination techniques. 相似文献
436.
闽江流域森林资源与环境的动态分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
该文对闽江流域的森林与生态环境的变动情况及相互关系进行阐述,并提出了相应的对策建议。 相似文献
437.
本文以对数正态分布理论为基础,建立了利用矩量近似法(Moment Approximation)与数值积分法(Numeral Interal Methed)计算风险水环境容量的随机估算模式,并由此提出了水质功能标准概率分布概念。风险水环境容量随机估算模式的提出拓展了水环境容量的概念与内函,为计算风险水环境容量开辟了新的途径。 相似文献
438.
高等师范院校环境教育的探讨 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
从分析高等师范院开展环境教育的历史背景出发,提出了开展环境教育的主要途径及方法。 相似文献
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440.
《立法法》要求法规在制定过程中有公众参与程序。环境标准是环境法的重要组成部分。对保障公众参与制定环境标准的程序作了探讨。 相似文献