成都市环境数据中心数据层建设研究

本文通过对成都市环境数据中心建设现状分析,对数据中心数据层的建设原则、建设内容、相关标准及管理机制等进行了探讨和研究,并提出了成都市环境数据中心数据层的具体实施方法。     

Assessment and improvement of integrated HSE and macro-ergonomics factors by fuzzy cognitive maps: The case of a large gas refinery

This study analyzes and assesses the integrated health, safety, environment (HSE) and ergonomics (HSEE) factors by fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) approach. This is achieved through integrating ergonomic and macro-ergonomic as well as occupational health and safety arrangements in an integrated modeling for assessment of their multi-faceted impact on workers' productivity, injury rate and satisfaction. This paper uses FCM to assess the direct and indirect effects of HSEE factors on system performance indicators. The results of FCM are used to develop leading indicators useful for proactive management of productivity, injury rate, and job satisfaction. The result of a comprehensive survey of 37 experts in control rooms and maintenance activities in a large gas refinery is used to show the applicability and usefulness of FCM approach. Moreover, FCM results are used to determine the causal structure of HSEE factors and system performance indicators. It is concluded that macro-ergonomics factors such as instructions and education, familiarity with organization's rules, and proper communications most contribute to improve workers' safety, satisfaction, and productivity.     

地球的脱气过程及对人类生活环境的影响

地球是一个巨大的开放系统。地球的脱气是岩石圈与大气圈进行物质能量交换的重要形式,也对人类生活环境产生重大影响。地球的脱气场所与地质构造关系密切。大规模的脱气在空间上是不均匀分布的,在时间上是非匀速有起伏的。灾变事件往往伴随有气体异常,气体异常溢出有可能酿成灾变。监测重点地区的地球脱气过程,可为防灾减灾及研究地壳活动提供丰富信息。     

基于数字环境模型的大庆市生态环境质量综合评价

黑龙江大庆市作为典型的资源型城市，是人地关系作用最强烈的区域之一，也是生态环境发生急剧变化且具有特色的区域。采用以栅格数据结构为主的多源空间信息，建立了评价生态环境质量的数字环境模型，生成了大庆市生态环境综合评价图。根据评价结果将生态环境质量分为4级，分级结果显示：大庆市生态环境质量以Ⅱ等和Ⅲ等为主，分别占总面积的50．14％和42．65％，而Ⅰ等和Ⅳ等则分别占总面积的2．45％和4．76％。     

Energy and environment in the European Union: An indicator-based analysis

The European Environment Agency (EEA) is the European Union body dedicated to providing sound, independent information on the environment. It is a major information source for those involved in developing, adopting, implementing and evaluating environmental policy in Europe, and also for the general public. In line with its mandate, the EEA has developed — focused around a set of policy relevant questions — a set of indicators to assess progress in Europe in integrating environmental considerations into the energy sector. Each question is answered through one or more indicators describing the development of the sector in Europe, implications for the environment and links to policy actions. The indicators cover not only the current situation, but also trends and prospects and, most importantly, point to the conditions for change that are needed for progress towards a more sustainable energy policy that benefits the environment. The results of the most recent assessment are presented in this article and show that in many areas of environmental integration there have been some successes, but overall progress to date has been insufficient. Substantial additional action will therefore be required in the future if the European Union is going to move towards a more environmentally sustainable energy system.     

对南京市环境与发展综合决策制度的思考

环境与发展综合决策是实现可持续发展战略的重要举措。本文在总结城市环境管理实践的基础上,探讨了建立和实施环境与发展综合决策制度的必要性和完善该项制度应当强化的一些相关制度,以及在城市环境管理过程中围绕该项制度实施各相关部门的具体职责的一般程序。     

在我国中小企业推广PDM时机尚未成熟

目前我国CAD的初步应用(绘图、工艺设计)在机械行业大部分企业已基本普及。在甩图板——集成化产品信息管理——网络系统集成——CIMS的技术路径上,PDM(产品数据管理)技术已进入大力推广阶段。然而,就我国目前的实际情况来看,PDM在中小企业的普及尚有一定难度。其原因在于PDM具有较高的技术成分,涉及部门范围广,从现行管理系统过渡到该方案所需时间较长,以致于其中不确定因素多,风险大,初期投资大而短期收益少。而大多数中小企业在市场竞争中处于劣势,盈利水平和流动资金有限,人才流动性大,并且难以承受长时间的二次开发过程。     

An overview of waste materials recycling in the Sultanate of Oman

Various wastes and by-product materials are generated in the Sultanate of Oman including reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregate, demolition concrete, cement by-pass dust (CBPD), copper slag, petroleum-contaminated soils (PCS), discarded tires, incinerator ash, and others. Recycling of such materials in construction is not practiced. Research data are also minimal into the potential use of selected materials in construction applications. This paper will present the results of several laboratory studies conducted into the use of PCS in asphalt concrete mixtures; on the use of CBPD in soil stabilization and flowable fill mixtures; on the utilization of copper slag and CBPD as cementitious materials; on the use of incinerator ash in cement mortars; and on the use of RAP aggregate in road bases and sub-bases. Laboratory data generally indicate that it is feasible to partially reuse some of these materials in construction provided that economic incentives and environmental concerns are taken into consideration.     

浅谈镀锌工艺对环境的影响

从环境保护的角度出发，分析了目前应用物镀锌工艺－热镀锌与电镀锌对环境的影响。并介绍了机械镀锌这一新的利于环境控制的镀锌工艺的原理和工艺过程。     

环境比较优势——一个新“陷阱“

发展是发展中国家的中心问题,环境问题是未来发展的主题,如何避免在发展的同时掉入环境比较优势陷阱,是一个值得大家思考的问题.