Marine Parks for protection and tourism in Turkey

Protected Turkish areas in the Mediterranean region are compared with those of other Mediterranean countries. Policies followed in Turkey for conservation protection of the natural and cultural environment and the use of coastal resources for tourism are discussed. The purpose and application of Turkish law is examined with respect to the interaction between the protection of coastal areas and tourism. Modifications on the administrative and management regulations in Turkey enabling a better use of coastal areas is suggested by combining coastal tourism and protection. The necessity and importance of estabilishing and managing Marine Parks in short-and long-term plans are acknowledged.     

荧光定量PCR技术在环境领域的应用

实时荧光定量PCR技术作为一项新兴技术,越来越受到人们的重视,它以快速、准确定量、便捷等优点广泛应用于科学研究各个领域。近年来,实时荧光定量PCR技术不断发展,并应用于环境领域中,大大提高了环境监测水平。综述了实时荧光定量PCR技术的基本原理及其在国内外环境领域中的应用。     

土地生态适宜性分析在城市规划环境影响评价中的应用

规划环境影响评价是规划工作的一项重要内容,也是规划环境影响评价体系不可或缺的组成部分。鉴于理论、方法上尚存在某些空白,基于土地生态适宜性分析在城市规划环境影响评价中应用的必要性和可行性,从生态学的角度,依据生态位理论,以上海市某新城作为实证,探讨在城市规划环境影响评价中土地生态适宜性分析与评价的方法、程序及内容,从而为城市环境影响评价提供内容上的补充和技术方法上的完善。     

沿江开发成就卓著 环境保护任重道远——热烈祝贺《长江流域资源与环境》创刊二十周年

《长江流域资源与环境》创刊二十年来,刊物随着长江大开发的脉搏而跳动,科学地刻画了“长江战略”的实施历程,履行了为开发和保护长江鸣锣开道的“先声”使命。二十世纪九十年代初,“长江产业带建设的综合研究”课题组论证了长江沿江产业带的建设目标和途径。经过二十多年的建设,长江沿江已经建成为世界规模最大的内河产业带,国际重要的制造业基地,成为国家经济建设的发动机和改革开放的前沿阵地。同时,长江流域正面临着复杂、艰巨的资源环境问题,生态环境保护和建设任重道远。长江流域从可持续发展角度看,有无数需要研究和探索的重大课题,《长江流域资源与环境》作为综合性的学术刊物具有旺盛的生命力     

Linking empirical estimates of body burden of environmental chemicals and wellness using NHANES data

Biomonitoring of industrial chemicals in human tissues and fluids has shown that all people carry a “body burden” of synthetic chemicals. Although measurement of an environmental chemical in a person's tissues/fluids is an indication of exposure, it does not necessarily mean the exposure concentration is sufficient to cause an adverse effect. Since humans are exposed to multiple chemicals, there may be a combination effect (e.g., additive, synergistic) associated with low-level exposures to multiple classes of contaminants, which may impact a variety of organ systems. The objective of this research is to link measures of body burden of environmental chemicals and a “holistic” measure of wellness. The approach is demonstrated using biomonitoring data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Forty-two chemicals were selected for analysis based on their detection levels. Six biological pathway-specific indices were evaluated using groups of chemicals associated with each pathway. Five of the six pathways were negatively associated with wellness. Three non-zero interaction terms were detected which may provide empirical evidence of crosstalk across pathways. The approach identified five of the 42 chemicals from a variety of classes (metals, pesticides, furans, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) as accounting for 71% of the weight linking body burden to wellness. Significant interactions were detected indicating the effect of smoking is exacerbated by body burden of environmental chemicals. Use of a holistic index on both sides of the exposure-health equation is a novel and promising empirical “systems biology” approach to risk evaluation of complex environmental exposures.     

建设沈阳生态市的思考

生态文明正作为新兴文明代替工业文明,人类社会也将从工业化发展模式转向生态化发展模式。生态城市是人类物质文明与精神文明相融合的现代文明城市。本文提出了建设沈阳生态市需要更加关注和思考的几个方面。1.以人为本。2.农村是建设生态市的难点和重点。3.建立生态安全防护体系。4.实行区域环境治理。5.建设生态文化。     

Strategies for emission reduction from thermal power plants

Major polluters of man's environment are thermal power stations (TPS) and power plants, which discharge into the atmosphere the basic product of carbon fuel combustion, CO2, which results in a build-up of the greenhouse effect and global warm-up of our planet's climate. This paper is intended to show that the way to attain environmental safety of the TPS and to abide by the decisions of the Kyoto Protocol lies in raising the efficiency of the heat power stations and reducing their fuel consumption by using nonconventional thermal cycles. Certain equations have been derived to define the quantitative interrelationship between the growth of efficiency of the TPS, decrease in fuel consumption and reduction of discharge of dust, fuel combustion gases, and heat into the environment. New ideas and new technological approaches that result in raising the efficiency of the TPS are briefly covered: magneto-hydrodynamic resonance, the Kalina cycle, and utilizing the ambient heat by using, as the working medium, low-boiling substances.     

An inexact two-stage mixed integer linear programming method for solid waste management in the City of Regina

In this study, an interval-parameter two-stage mixed integer linear programming (ITMILP) model is developed for supporting long-term planning of waste management activities in the City of Regina. In the ITMILP, both two-stage stochastic programming and interval linear programming are introduced into a general mixed integer linear programming framework. Uncertainties expressed as not only probability density functions but also discrete intervals can be reflected. The model can help tackle the dynamic, interactive and uncertain characteristics of the solid waste management system in the City, and can address issues concerning plans for cost-effective waste diversion and landfill prolongation. Three scenarios are considered based on different waste management policies. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been generated. They are valuable for supporting the adjustment or justification of the existing waste flow allocation patterns, the long-term capacity planning of the City's waste management system, and the formulation of local policies and regulations regarding waste generation and management.     

光催化技术在废水处理中的应用

近年来半导体光催化氧化已成为光化学领域和环保领域中的研究热点之一。本文综述了半导体多相光催化原理、提高光催化的途径、多种具有代表性污染物的光催化降解处理方法 ,提出了光催化技术存在的问题及发展方向     

A survey of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics in the environment

Antibiotics are poorly metabolized, and can enter the environment via human waste streams, agricultural run-off and pharmaceutical effluent. We consequently expect to see a concentration gradient of antibiotic compounds radiating from areas of human population. Such antibiotics should be thought of as pollutants, as they can accumulate, and have biological effects. These antibiotic pollutants can increase rates of mutation and lateral transfer events, and continue to exert selection pressure even at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Here, we conducted a literature survey on environmental concentrations of antibiotics. We collated 887 data points from 40 peer-reviewed papers. We then determined whether these concentrations were biologically relevant by comparing them to their minimum selective concentrations, usually defined as between 1/4 and 1/230 of the minimum inhibitory concentration. Environmental concentrations of antibiotics surveyed often fall into this range. In general, the antibiotic concentrations recorded in aquatic and sediment samples were similar. These findings indicate that environmental concentrations of antibiotics are likely to be influencing microbial ecology, and to be driving the selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria.