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931.
932.
利用大型烃分析仪(GHM)对小型柴油车尾气排气管内的黑色残余物进行了定量和定性分析,讨论了残余物质中所含各种类型有机污染物的数量和组成特征。研究结果表明,柴油机在燃烧过程中存在着不完全燃烧现象,尾气黑色残余物中含有129.17mg/g的有机污染物,它们大多为可造成严重环境污染的高熔点、强毒性的重质极性有机污染物。 相似文献
933.
Marino Martini Luciano Giannini Antonella Buccianti Laura Maggi Franco Prati Paola Cellini Legittimo Paolo Iozzelli Bruno Capaccioni 《Chemistry and Ecology》1991,5(3):139-147
A major influence on the environment of active volcanic areas is expected from continuous input of chemical species pertaining to fumarolic activities occurring during inter-eruptive intervals.
The systematic investigations carried out during thirteen years in the island of Vulcano (Italy) showed also substantial contributions to phreatic waters and soils of minor constituents and trace metals from volcanic rocks with no negligible influence on growing crops.
Greater extents of these phenomena have been observed for products of hydromagmatic volcanic activity or of long-lasting weathering processes. 相似文献
The systematic investigations carried out during thirteen years in the island of Vulcano (Italy) showed also substantial contributions to phreatic waters and soils of minor constituents and trace metals from volcanic rocks with no negligible influence on growing crops.
Greater extents of these phenomena have been observed for products of hydromagmatic volcanic activity or of long-lasting weathering processes. 相似文献
934.
Linhard JB 《Journal of Safety Research》2005,36(3):257-260
INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, health safety and environmental (HS & E) investments have been viewed as expensive but necessary. HS & E professionals had a difficult task of providing data showing that these investments can also contribute to business success. An ORC task force developed a way for traditional financial analysis methods to be applied to HS & E investments and decisions. METHOD: The result of the task force effort is the software called the ORC Return on Health, Safety and Environmental Investments (ROHSEI), a supporting tool to provide a comprehensive look at health, safety or environmental investment projects and their potential financial impacts. RESULTS: Since its development, more than 200 companies, government agencies, and educational institutions have been trained in the ROHSEI process and software. CONCLUSIONS: HS & E professionals who are able to evaluate and communicate the business value of health, safety and environmental efforts will improve understanding of the impacts HS & E projects and contribute to better decision making by their organizations. 相似文献
935.
Rail has an important role to play in the development toward a sustainable transportation system. In this perspective, the European Brite Euram Project RAVEL (Rail Vehicle Eco-Efficient Design) has developed a rail sectorwide Design for Environment system to be used and standardized throughout the full supply chain. At the core of the system, quantitative environmental performance indicators for rail vehicles and components are used to incorporate environmental performance target levels in the product requirements and to measure and communicate achieved environmental performance. The concept of eco-efficiency is used to integrate both environmental and economical considerations. The methodology further builds on a standardized material list, standardized data formats, and proactive design guidance. To date, first steps are already taken to integrate the RAVEL project results into sector initiatives toward industrywide acceptance and standardization.Published online
Note: This version was published online in June 2005 with the cover date of August 2004. 相似文献
936.
景观环境构成在景观评价中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出了分析景观环境构成在景观评价中的重要性 ,并以芜湖市朱家桥水泥粉磨站项目为例 ,说明景观环境构成在景观评价中的应用 相似文献
937.
Kidane-Mariam T 《Environmental management》2003,31(3):0313-0327
This article examines the environment and habitat management experiences of Ethiopia and Ghana in the postindependence period
(1960–2000). Based on extensive archival research, semistructured focused interviews of environment and habitat officers of
the World Bank, the United Nations System and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and personal professional
field experiences, the paper argues that the uncritical adoption of externally generated discourses, narratives, policy guidelines,
and strategies of environmental and habitat management has structured thought and action in both countries. The experience
of both countries in defining and responding to environmental and human settlement management is explored from a political
ecology perspective. The analysis indicates that both countries have essentially adopted a technocratic, state-centered, and
unsustainable management strategy framework based on population control, poverty reduction, sustainable development, and capacity-building.
It also suggests that international organizations such as the World Bank, INCN, and the United Nations system have been important
sources of thought and action in both countries. Conversely, regional international organizations such as the Economic Commission
for Africa, the Organization of African Unity and the African Development Bank have largely served as conduits for the diffusion
of global discourses, narratives, policies and strategies. The need for adopting management policies and strategies that are
based on principles of multiple engagement, decentralization, incentives, public education, and participation is underscored. 相似文献
938.
Soil erosion in developing countries: a socio-economic appraisal 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Soil erosion is the single most important environmental degradation problem in the developing world. Despite the plethora of literature that exists on the incidence, causes and impacts of soil erosion, a concrete understanding of this complex problem is lacking. This paper examines the soil erosion problem in developing countries in order to understand the complex inter-relationships between population pressure, poverty and environmental-institutional dynamics. Two recent theoretical developments, namely Boserup's theory on population pressure, poverty and soil erosion and Lopez's theory on environmental and institutional dynamics have been reviewed. The analysis reveals that negative impacts of technical change, inappropriate government policies and poor institutions are largely responsible for the continued soil erosion in developing countries. On the other hand, potential for market-based approaches to mitigate the problem is also low due to the negative externalities involved. A deeper appreciation of institutional and environmental dynamics and policy reforms to strengthen weak institutions may help mitigate the problem. 相似文献
939.
The planning and design of golf course developments is influenced by many factors. This paper focuses on the environmental
ramifications of insufficient or lack of compliance with standard environmental and economic planning practices. Specifically,
it looks at a tourist destination location that was under the influence of extensive land development and investment speculation.
The Gold Coast in Australia was the focal point for large overseas investment due to changes in government legislation regarding
foreign investment. Due to the economic climate in the second half of the 1980s many golf course resort developments were
built, approved, or planned. Many of these circumvented normal business and environment planning processes. The result has
been a dangerous concentration of golf facilities in environmentally sensitive areas and an oversupply of golf facilities.
Both of these matters are discussed in terms of the general planning process and the potential economic and environmental
impacts to the Gold Coast and similar destinations in other parts of the world. 相似文献
940.
三峡地区建设中环境灾害问题与减灾对策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着三峡工程的大规模建设,目前所面临的各类生态环境灾害严重制约三峡地区建设和国民经济的发展。本文通过对三峡地区生态环境灾害的系统分析,提出了灾害减免之对策,为三峡地区经济起飞创造一个安全有利的环境。 相似文献