Ecologically based policy evaluation: application to ungulate management in New Zealand

Introduced ungulates, e.g., deer and Himalayan tahr, are variously considered as both pests and resources in New Zealand. Much ecological research has occurred into these species and into the ecosystems in which they live. Concurrently, much has been done to develop ‘management’ plans for these species. We reviewed ecological research relevant to these ungulates and developed ecologically relevant criteria to assess the extent to which these have been considered in these plans. Nine criteria were developed within four thematic areas: ecological principles, objectives and outcomes, adaptive management, and use of science information. Four planning documents were then evaluated. All four poorly or at best marginally considered fundamental ecological principles: only the Himalayan thar control plan scored well in terms of having objectives and outcomes that were clearly ecologically based; the thar plan was very strong in terms of its commitment to implementing adaptive management; and, in terms of using the best available science both the thar plan and the deer issues and options paper scored well. Overall, ecological science and principles have not played major roles in the development of some of these plans, probably because ultimately they reflect political choices that are difficult to support with the available ecological research.     

我国二氧化硫烟气治理技术现状及发展趋势

综述了我国现阶段常用的二氧化硫烟气治理技术原理，特点及应用水平，介绍了几种较受重视的二氧化硫烟气治理技术。电子束烟气脱硫技术，脉冲电晕放电气脱硫技术，膜吸收法，微生物脱硫技术。     

自然旅游地的生态环境问题及其持续发展探讨

自然旅游地是一个自然－人工复合生态系统，人类活动对它的影响很大。保护旅游资源和生态环境是旅游地持续发展的永恒主题，是旅游资源是以永续利用的基础和前提；加强旅游地生态建设和管理是旅游地持续发展的重要内容，突出旅游特色，兼顾多样性和创造性开发、挖掘旅游潜力、增加吸收力和竞争力是旅游地发展的活力所在。     

洞庭湖演变对生态环境的影响初探

从洞庭湖演变历史的回顾入手，讨论了洞庭湖演变对湖区生态环境的影响，认为湖体演变带来了诸如湖泊温暖效应降低、调蓄功能减退、洪涝灾害频繁、土壤潜育化严重，血吸虫病流行，以及生物资源破坏等一系列生态环境问题，强调了开展湖区生态环境监测和研究的重要性，并提出兴建长江流域生物工程。     

pH、ORP制约的产酸相发酵类型及顶级群落

由于利用效果存在一定差异，不同产酸相发酵类型的末端产物作为产甲烷细菌的底物，影响整个二相厌氧生物处理系统的稳定、高效运行。pH、ORP作为产酸相系统中的非生物因子，在一定程度上影响产酸相发酵类型的形成。本实验采用连续流搅拌槽式厌氧反应器（CSTR）考察并分析了特定pH、ORP组成对产酸相发酵类型决定情况，同时以种群生态学理论为基础，确立了受pH、ORP制约的不同发酵类型的顶级群落及优势种群。     

重庆市三峡库区危险废物管理与处置现状及对策

文章从危险废物的产生、分类、处理处置、管理方式等方面分析了三峡库区的管理现状,并针对危险废物的管理中存在的问题和今后的发展规划,结合国外危险废物管理经验,从管理方式、技术发展、处理处置方式、设施建设和运营机制等方面提出了相应的对策.     

Environmental performance optimization using process water integration and Sustainable Process Index

Water integration studies have focused on reducing the amount of water used by a process on the assumption that environmental impact is reduced through efficient water reuse. However, the environmental impact of retrofitting the water network through the installation of pumps and pipes and energy for their utilization which may even lead to a network with a higher environmental cost as measured using a more comprehensive metric, is rarely, if at all, considered. Using the Sustainable Process Index (SPI) as a means of measuring environmental impact, this study addresses the question on water integration and environmental impact and shows that there is a balance that must be struck between water savings and water network modifications.     

生态补偿的融资——生态融资

围绕生态补偿中融资的三个基本要素，即；用什么资本融资，以什么方式融资，如何高效融资进行系列, 为生态融资活动提供理论指导和行动策略。     

糖蜜酒精废液生态治理探讨

在分析和总结国内外糖蜜酒精废液处理技术的基础上，提出了“生态治理”的思想，和两个探讨实施方案，并对方案的可行性及效益进行了分析。     

上海地区的湿地资源及其保护

介绍了海地区的湿地类型、分布、湿地资源及其利用与保护，提出了加强湿地研究的重点领域。上海地区自然湿地面积为４３００９ｈｍ＾２，以海滨沼泽为主；人工湿地以稻田为主，约为２５００００ｈｍ＾２，湿地中的动，植物资源，土地资源相当丰富，是上海地区最重要的自然资源，目前，上海的湿地利用以发展农、林、渔业为主，工程利用率则呈逐年增加的势头。加强对湿地资源的动态研究，对湿地的环境功能，合理利用与保护模式及人类活