Towards the development of a multidisciplinary understanding of the effects of toxic chemical mixtures on health

Mixtures can be divided into simple (chemicals with comparable properties—health risk assessments on the chemicals) and complex, which can be further subdivided into defined (a reasonably distinct composition, created at a specific time and place despite dissimilar components—risk assessments on the common source) and coincidental (chemicals without similar properties or constant composition in time or space—risk assessments on the receptor). Interactions recognized are: independent action, dose addition (additivity), and potentiation (synergy and antagonism). Unpredicted outcomes need recognition. New approaches in higher education and multidisciplinary investigations are essential. The community of the Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health should help clarify points such as when transformations in mixtures may become important enough to alter the classification and the risk assessment. The multidisciplinary community is also well placed to support the integration of nonchemical influences into mixture analysis and to contribute to the investigation of cumulative and multiple exposures.     

关于日本《环境教育等促进法》修改的研究

日本于2012年10月1日正式颁布了《环境教育等促进法》,此法由2003年颁布的《有关增进环保意愿以及推进环保教育的法律》修改而来,是一部充分调动各个社会主体协同合作,用环境教育开展环境保护工作的法律。通过分析该法多角度分层次的教育措施及特点,借鉴日本多年来环境教育推广经验,对我国加快环境教育立法进程,实现全民环境教育,增强全民节约意识、生态意识、环保意识,全力建设美丽中国有着重大意义。     

环境问题与环境教育

环境问题的实质,是人与自然的矛盾,解决环境问题.首先要提高人的环境意识,形成广泛的群众参与,自觉地 维护人们赖以生存的环境。     

结合教学实际实施环境教育初探

教育系统应制定切实可行的规划，结合当地实际和行业特点，有针对性地幼儿、小学生、中学生和大、中专院校的学生实施系统的环境教育工程，使学生具有保护环境的知识、技能和良好行为，从而提高人们的环境保护素质。     

市场经济条件下环保宣教工作初探

本文从树立新的环保宣教观念，选准突破口，拓宽宣传面等方面阐述了社会主义市场经济条件下如何加强环保宣教工作，强地制宣传是环保宣教的一个重要环节 ，并认为宣教队伍的建设是新时期环保宣教工作的重要保证。     

Factors limiting injury from pesticides

Abstract

Factors are discussed that may limit injury from pesticides whether the victims are exposed occupationally, through other intentional uses, or simply accidently. Emphasis is placed on choice of methods fitted to the problems revealed by dependable vital statistics for each country. In general, good labeling of pesticides is the most important single factor in their safe use. Regulation of use combining agricultural advice to the farmer with surveillance of his practices in the handling of pesticides often is the best way to minimize occupational poisoning and restrict residues on crops brought to market. To be successful, these and other aspects of education must be directed toward the improvement of human health. International organizations may be the best source of practical solutions simply because of the range of their experience.     

Do Catch-and-Release Guidelines from State and Provincial Fisheries Agencies in North America Conform to Scientifically Based Best Practices?

Many recreational anglers practice catch-and-release angling, where fish are returned to the water with the presumption that they will survive. However, not all fish survive, and those that do often experience sublethal consequences including injury and stress. There is compelling scientific evidence that angler behavior and gear choice can affect the success of catch-and-release as a management and conservation strategy. Because anglers often look to government natural resource agencies for guidance on how to handle and release fish properly, there is a need to assess whether their outreach materials are readily accessible and provide the necessary and correct information on the subject. Therefore, on-line catch-and-release guidelines developed by state and provincial natural resource agencies across North America were evaluated to determine whether their guidelines were consistent with the best available scientific information. This analysis revealed that there was immense variation in the depth and breadth of coverage among jurisdictions. Agency guidelines contradicted one another in several areas including air exposure, angling in deep water, venting trapped gases, and resuscitation. In many cases, the guidelines failed to provide sufficient direction to actually be of use to anglers or provide direction consistent with contemporary scientific literature. This analysis will assist with developing outreach materials that promote sustainable recreational fisheries and in maintaining the welfare status of individual fish.     

关于安全教育学的分析与探讨

论述安全教育学的定义和研究领域;分析其理论基础、在安全科学技术体系结构中的地位与作用和本身的体系结构;指出其与相邻学科的关系、发展趋势和应注意的问题。     

中国可持续发展战略与教育

可持续发展战略是人类发展观念上的一次重大变革，其影响涉及到政治，经济，科技，教育等各个领域，文章从分析可持续发展战略的内涵出发，联系中国国情，论述了中国要实现可持续发展必须优先发展教育事业，进而分析了中国现阶段教育特点，提出中国教育界正面临着更新教育观念，实现三个方面转变的必要性和艰巨性。     

Effectiveness of the designed safety education programme modules by their implementation in selected industries

Various and diverse industrial safety areas were identified and grouped as under: general areas of safety, Special areas of safety and industry specific areas of safety.

General areas of safety are common to all industries and special areas of safety are relevant only if the selected industry has such nature of work or hazard and whereas the industry specific areas of safety refers to process safety of the industry. Three separate modules were prepared along with contents.

For conduction of the programme, the selected industry must be studied and the designed safety education programme modules have to be adapted by leaving irrelevant areas in special and industry specific areas of the designed safety modules. The implementation of safety education programme was carried out at Bharath Heavy Electricals Ltd, Trichy and Southern Railway workshop, Trichy, by adapting the designed modules to suit these industries as mentioned above.

Effectiveness is measured by the increase in safety awareness of the selected industrial workers (sample), who had already undergone such programmes with short falls conducted within the industry itself. Research Tool was prepared based on the contents of the adapted safety education modules and pre-test and post-test were conducted, data collected and analysed.

The results were statistically significant as confirmed by t-test analyses.