低温等离子体技术在三废处理中的应用与研究

对“三废”的低温等离子体处理技术进行了综合分析，探讨了低温等离子体“三废”处理技术的应用前景，提出了低温等离子体技术在环境保护领域里应用的研究课题．     

腐蚀性环境与自动控制设备的保护

介绍了环境空气中腐蚀住气体对电子仪器和自动控制设备的腐蚀机理与防护方法．腐蚀产生的原因主要是直接氧化和电化学过程．腐蚀性环境通常根据腐蚀性气体的反应性进行分级．环境空气的腐蚀性可通过控制环境条件和空气净化去除。     

新一代天气雷达系统电磁辐射环境影响分析一例

对我国第一部新一代多普勒气候雷达的电磁辐射进行了实地监测,结合所在位置地势,高差等因素,评价了其辐射对环境产生的影响,为分析其搬迁后可能对环境产生的环境影响提供参考.     

城市水污染集中控制的理论方法

文章系统介绍了城市水污染集中控制的基本概念、原理、原则，论述了实施水污染集中控制的限制条件，集中控制的基本方法、形式和措施．     

Trends of the sunshine duration and diffuse radiation percentage on sunny days in urban agglomerations of China during 1960–2005

The long-term observational data of sunshine duration (SD) and diffuse radiation percentage (defined as diffuse solar radiation/total solar radiation, DRP) on sunny days during 1960–2005 were analyzed in 7 urban agglomerations and the whole of China. The results show that the sunny sunshine duration (SSD) has decreased significantly except at a few stations over northwestern China in the past 46 years. An obvious decrease of the SSD is found in eastern China, with the trend coefficients lower than − 0.8. Accompanied by the SSD decline, the sunny diffuse radiation percentage (SDRP) in most stations shows obvious increasing trends during the 46 years. The averaged SDRP over China has increased 2.33% per decade, while the averaged SSD shows a decrease of − 0.13 hr/day per decade. The correlation coefficient between SDRP and SSD is − 0.88. SSD decreased over urban agglomerations (small to large city clusters) in the past 46 years, especially in large cities and medium cities, due to the strong anthropogenic activities and air pollution represented by aerosol option depth (AOD) and tropospheric column NO₂ (TroNO₂). On the regional scale, SSD has an opposite trend from SDRP during 1960 to 2005, and the variation trends of regional mean values of SSD and SDRP in southeastern China are more pronounced than those in northwestern China.     

苏州河水环境综合整治二期工程目标的测算分析

在分析苏州河水环境综合整治一期工程的整治成果和遗留问题基础上，提出了二期工程整治的重点，应用苏州河水动力水质模型对这些问题整治的工程效益进行了分析计算，计算案例包括截污、疏浚、调水等，预测了二期工程实施后苏州河的水质，确定了二期工程定量化的目标。     

微波消解/ICP-AES法测定土壤中的环境有效态金属元素

传统的土壤样品消解技术手续繁琐、费时,成为整个分析过程的薄弱环节;微波消解很好地解决了这一问题。采用微波消解技术处理土壤样品,以ICP-AES法测定Ag、As、Ba.Be、Cu、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sr、V、Zn,Al、Co 14种环境有效态金属元素。选择了HNO_3-HCL-H_20_2消解体系,确定了最佳微波消解功率和时间。方法精密度以相对标准偏差表示为1.20％～6.13％,准确度以回收率表示为79.6％～97.4％,与传统的酸解法处理样品相比较,相对误差在±120％以下,结果基本一致。微波消解处理土壤样品比传统的酸解法节省了约10倍的时间,具有快速、高效、清洁、用量少、背景值小等优点。     

人类活动对浙江近海赤潮发生频率的影响分析

根据1933年到2004年间的统计资料,以10 a为周期分析了浙江沿岸赤潮的发展变化历程,并进一步以1997～2004年的统计资料为基础,采用灰色系统关联分析法研究了的浙江近海赤潮的发生频率和人类活动引起的营养物质输入的关系.结果表明,各相关因子对赤潮发生频率影响的关联序为:海水养殖产量(0.03)＞海水养殖面积(0.99)＞工业废水(0.89)＞生活污水(0.88)＞生活COD(0.79)＞总悬浮颗粒物(0.75)＞工业COD(0.72)＞降雨量(0.71)＞粉尘(0.69)＞烟尘(0.68).可见,赤潮发生与人类活动关系密切,其中海洋养殖自身污染是赤潮发生频率的主要诱因,陆源污染和大气湿沉降起着重要作用.     

Application of cleaner production technology in chemical industry: a near zero emission

The main objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate opportunities for implementation of pollution prevention and waste minimization in a chemical industrial company producing poly sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde which is used as a super plasticizer for concrete. Environmental problems encountered were mainly the highly polluted wastewater and a semi-solid cake containing considerable amount of the final product. Possible modules for remedial measures and their cost estimation were investigated. The proposed remedial modules included recycling of retained water discharge in filter press, recycling of washing water of reaction vessels (reactors), closed circuit cooling system for high-pressure pump, good housekeeping through control of leakage of raw material, products and water and finally utilization of retained residual product from the solid waste. The implemented pollution control measures proved to be cost effective and have short payback periods. Also, minimization of the hydraulic and organic loads in the final effluent was achieved.     

味精生产的污染排放分析与治理研究

以东北地区某味精生产厂为例,对味精生产从水体、大气、固废三个方面进行了污染分析。通过对污水处理和大气污染治理的系统控制以及对固体废弃物的综合利用研究,结果表明,味精生产中污染排放能够达到国家的相关标准。