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251.
Environmental exposure to arsenic (As) in terms of public health is receiving increasing attention worldwide following cases of mass contamination in different parts of the world. However, there is a scarcity of data available on As geochemistry in Brazilian territory, despite the known occurrence of As in some of the more severely polluted areas of Brazil. The purpose of this paper is to discuss existing data on As distribution in Brazil based on recent investigations in three contaminated areas as well as results from the literature. To date, integrated studies on environmental and anthropogenic sources of As contamination have been carried out only in three areas in Brazil: (1) the Southeastern region, known as the Iron Quadrangle, where As was released into the drainage systems, soils and atmosphere as a result of gold mining; (2) the Ribeira Valley, where As occurs in Pb-Zn mine wastes and naturally in As-rich rocks and soils; (3) the Amazon region, including the Santana area, where As is associated with manganese ores mined over the last 50 years. Toxicological studies revealed that the populations were not exposed to elevated levels of As, with the As concentrations in surface water in these areas rarely exceeding 10 microg/L. Deep weathering of bedrocks along with formation of Fe/Al-enriched soils and sediments function as a chemical barrier that prevents the release of As into the water. In addition, the tropical climate results in high rates of precipitation in the northern and southeastern regions and, hence, the As contents of drinking water is diluted. Severe cases of human As exposure related to non-point pollution sources have not been reported in Brazil. However, increasing awareness of the adverse health effects of As will eventually lead to a more complete picture of the distribution of As in Brazil. 相似文献
252.
硫化物是水质检测的一个重要参数,因其对水生生物和人体具有很高的毒性而备受关注.综述了近5 a来环境水样中硫化物的分析方法研究进展,包括光谱法(分光光度法、荧光法、电致化学发光法、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱、原子吸收法、流动注射法),色谱法,以及电化学法(阴极溶出伏安法、阳极溶出伏安法、电催化氧化法、生物传感器法),... 相似文献
253.
我国环境中有机污染物分析方法及痕量富集技术的进展 总被引:10,自引:8,他引:10
综述了我国环境中有机污染物的分析方法和痕量富集技术,介绍了吹扫-捕集法、固相微萃取技术、固相萃取技术、半渗透膜采样技术与分析仪器联用在有机污染物测定中的应用情况。 相似文献
254.
中国煤矿灾害现状与减灾对策分析 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
以大量的数据资料,全面系统地分析了煤矿灾害的现状与致灾特点,提出了煤矿防灾减灾对策。 相似文献
255.
256.
郭奇 《环境监测管理与技术》2005,17(5):33-34
阐述了环境质量评价中属性权重的客观性。介绍了属性权重和确定属性权重的客观性方法,并以GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》为依据,对河北省邯郸市1998年环境质量报告中的滏阳河张庄桥断面水质的主要属性进行了属性权重确定。 相似文献
257.
我国经济在快速发展的过程中付出了相对大的资源环境代价,人们对环保事业的不重视,使得环保与经济发展出现了不平衡现象,这就需要不断促进环保技术的发展,协调推进经济发展与环境保护事业。基于此,本文通过对环保与经济的关系进行分析,提出环保与经济发展相和谐的策略,以确保环境和经济发展的协同推进。 相似文献
258.
Aimei Yang Wenlin Liu 《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2018,12(1):99-114
With the rise of global environmental issues and the emerging trend of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporation–non-governmental organization (NGO) alliances, organizations are developing collaborative alliances across sectors and nations to address environment problems. An international perspective is needed to explain the global structure of cross-sector alliance networks and the divergence or similarity of CSR communication across nations. This exploratory study draws insights from the national business systems (NBS) approach and applies social network analysis to examine the cross-sector alliance network among Global 500 Fortune corporations and 441 environmental international NGOs. Findings suggest that (1) an NBS approach to CSR can explain the network structural features of a cross-sector alliance network; (2) political context and national education level strongly predict green partnerships; and (3) regional differences are apparent in the global network, with Asian corporations lagging behind in cross-sector alliance building. 相似文献
259.
A. G. Coon 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1989,32(2):77-85
The present development plan system in Scotland began in 1975. Its origins and purpose are discussed. Progress in the submission and adoption/approval of local and structure plans and in reviewing these plans is outlined. Performance to date is assessed and means of improvement are suggested, in relation to timeliness, transparency, scope and quality. 相似文献
260.
针对我国目前环境污染治理难的现象,指出环境污染治理难的原因:一是立法问题;二是执法问题;三是普法问题。只有尽快解决这三个问题,环境污染治理才会见成效。 相似文献