Probabilistic fugacity analysis of Lake Pontchartrain pollution after Hurricane Katrina

After Hurricane Katrina passed through the US Gulf Coast in August 2005, floodwaters covering New Orleans were pumped into Lake Pontchartrain as part of the rehabilitation process in order to make the city habitable again. The long-term consequences of this environmentally critical decision were difficult to assess at the time and were left to observation. In the aftermath of these natural disasters, and in cases of emergency, the proactive use of screening level models may prove to be an important factor in making appropriate decisions to identify cost effective and environmentally friendly mitigation solutions. In this paper, we propose such a model and demonstrate its use through the application of several hypothetical scenarios to examine the likely response of Lake Pontchartrain to the contaminant loading that were possibly in the New Orleans floodwaters. For this purpose, an unsteady-state fugacity model was developed in order to examine the environmental effects of contaminants with different physicochemical characteristics on Lake Pontchartrain. The three representative contaminants selected for this purpose are benzene, atrazine, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The proposed approach yields continuous fugacity values for contaminants in the water, air, and sediment compartments of the lake system which are analogous to concentrations. Since contaminant data for the floodwaters are limited, an uncertainty analysis was also performed in this study. The effects of uncertainty in the model parameters were investigated through Monte Carlo analysis. Results indicate that the acceptable recovery of Lake Pontchartrain will require a long period of time. The computed time range for the levels of the three contaminants considered in this study to decrease to maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) is about 1 year to 68 years. The model can be implemented to assess the possible extent of damage inflicted by any storm event on the natural water resources of Southern Louisiana or similar environments elsewhere. Furthermore, the model developed can be used as a useful decision-making tool for planning and remediation in similar emergency situations by examining various potential contamination scenarios and their consequences.     

浅谈环境污染治理难的原因及对策

针对我国目前环境污染治理难的现象，指出环境污染治理难的原因：一是立法问题；二是执法问题；三是普法问题。只有尽快解决这三个问题，环境污染治理才会见成效。     

MaphInfo技术在环境保护中的应用

在传统环境信息系统中,环境数据仅能以枯燥单调的文字形式出现,随着地理信息系统(GIS)的飞速发展,特别是推出基于PC的MapInfo地理信息系统之后,为地理信息系统与环境信息之间充分地结合起来提供了重要的工具,以下介绍了MapInfo地理信息系统对环境信息系统提供的主要技术.     

北京市典型道路交通噪声排放特征

采用北京市道路交通噪声自动监测系统2013—2017年采集的等效连续A声级数据,对城市快速路、城市主干线、城市次干线、城市支路的代表性站点噪声排放情况进行了统计分析,结果显示,北京市不同等级的道路噪声排放具备一定的特征,排放水平从大到小依次为城市快速路城市主干线城市支路和城市次干线,道路噪声随时间变化存在较为一致的周期性排放特征,24 h变化特征比较明显。个别道路排放特征存在特异性,如城市主干线道路的一个代表监测站点噪声监测值出现了逐年下降趋势,分析发现,北京市非首都功能疏解对其噪声值的下降有一定贡献。采取一定的规划和管理措施有助于减少道路交通噪声的排放。     

Corporate governance and green innovation

We study the relationship between corporate governance and firms׳ environmental innovation. Exploiting changes in antitakeover legislation in the US, we show that worse governed firms generate fewer green patents relative to all their innovations. This negative effect is greater for firms with a smaller share of institutional ownership, with a smaller stock of green patents, and with more binding financial constraints. Investigating regulatory and industry variations, we also find more pronounced effects for firms operating in states with lower pollution abatement costs, and in sectors less dependent on energy inputs. Overall, our results suggest that ineffective corporate governance may constitute a major obstacle to environmental efficiency.     

工业用制氧机噪声控制方案

在大型炼钢生产工艺过程中,需要制备大量的氧气.由于空气流量大,制氧机进口噪声大,对周围环境和工作人员造成了极大的危害.对某钢铁集团制氧机的噪声源进行了分析,并在现场调查的基础上,提出了制氧机噪声治理方案.经过测试,治理后的厂界噪声指标达到国家标准的控制要求.     

Genotypic and environmental variation in chromium, cadmium and lead concentrations in rice

Genotypic and environmental variation in Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations of rice grains and the interaction between these metals were investigated by using 138 rice genotypes grown in three contaminated soils. There were significant genotypic differences in the three heavy metal concentrations of rice grains, with the absolute difference among 138 genotypes in grain Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations being 24.5-, 9.1- and 23.8-folds, respectively, under the slightly contaminated soil (containing 4.61mgkg(-1) Cr, 1.09mgkg(-1) Cd and Pb 28.28mgkg(-1), respectively). A highly significant interaction occurred between genotype and environment (soil type) in the heavy metal concentrations of rice grains. Cr concentration in rice grains was not correlated with Cd and Pb concentration. However, there was a significant correlation between Cd and Pb in slightly and highly contaminated soils. The results suggest the possibility to develop the rice cultivars with low Cd and Pb concentrations in grain.     

考虑车流分布特性的环形交叉口交通噪声预测模型

考虑到环形交叉口环道上车流分布不均匀的特点,运用数学建模的方法,建立了考虑环道车流分布特性的交通噪声预测模型。同时,采用Paramics微观交通仿真和实地调查两种手段,对环形交叉口进行了大量的交通噪声模拟计算。仿真和实地调查的结果均表明:所建立的交通噪声预测模型具有较高的预测精度,与现有预测模型相比提高了在环道车流分布不均匀时的交通噪声拟合效果,更符合实际情况。     

外挂式声屏障

声屏障作为噪声污染治理的主要措施之一,已广泛应用于公路、铁路、市政等多种领域。传统声屏障安装方式存在一些安全隐患,针对这些安全隐患,我公司开发出外挂式声屏障。外挂式声屏障改变传统的声屏障板插接在H钢立柱内的安装方式,声屏障板安装在立柱的外侧,并且声屏障板长度可以达到6~10米,每块声屏障板有3~5个固定件固定在立柱上,不会由于某个固定件损坏产生安全问题。外挂式声屏障既保证了声屏障系统的安全,又达到了安装方便、美观大方的特点,将会在声屏障领域的得到广泛应用。     

离心风机辐射噪声的降噪量预测

本文运用LMS Testlab软件对某风机现场工作时的噪声进行了测试分析,得出风机工作时的噪声频谱特征;运用LMS TestLab Sound Diagnosis模块的声诊断技术对采集到的风机实时信号进行了降噪量预测,为后期的噪声治理提供依据。避免了噪声治理的盲目性,更经济合理。