环境地球物理方法在地下水污染监测中的应用

环境地球物理方法是近年来用于环境科学的新方法。文中介绍了环境地球物理方法的基本原理,重点讨论了环境地球物理方法在地下水污染监测中的应用、效果及前景。      

珠江三角洲气溶胶中有机污染及控制对策

珠江三角洲5个主要城市和地区,气溶胶中类脂质产率为1.50~61.04μg/m3,广州市秋季气溶胶类脂质产率最高(平均36.85μg/m3),澳门次之,香港春季较广州春季类脂质产率稍低,而深圳夏季比广州夏季高,珠海冬季最低。区内气溶胶中检出80多种多环芳烃(PAH),优先控制PAH的浓度为1.32~228.56ng/m3,分布规律基本同类脂质产率,但是澳门和香港的优控PAH浓度较低,分别为9.02~40.52ng/m3和0.68~14.88ng/m3。与国外一些城市对比,区内有机污染比较严重,主要来自汽车尾气排放。控制有机污染的最重要的途径是给机动车安装催化净化装置和建立相应的法律。      

中国地表水环境质量标准修订研究

提出了对ＧＢ３８３８－８８地面水环境质量标准的修订原则和目标。制定了ＧＢ３８３－９８地表水环境质量标准的总体框架。新标准有基本项目３１项,特定项目４５项,对４２面有机化学物质指标３项防止富养化指标和２项常规污染控制指标作了较详细地论述,对项目的分析方法亦作了增订和补充。     

经济欠发达地区建设标准化环境监测站的思考

全国环境监测站发展不平衡。经济欠发达地区如何标准化环境监测站,以适应环境监测的发展水平。指出应抓住计量认证,提高这些地区的环境监测规范化水平;主动争取政府的支持,并纳入政府管理目标;开拓创新,提高整体业务素质,人员水平,加大投入等重要环节,欠发达地区在短期内会逐步实现标准化环境监测站的建设     

项目EIA与区域环境规划的协调途径探讨

通过对项目ＥＩＡ与区域环境规划的概念,性质,内容,方法及在环境管理中作用的论述,指出了二者在实施中存在的问题,阐明了它们的特点与相互关系,同时结合我国当前的环境状况与面临的形势及对环境管理新的要求,提出了在今后的实施中应注意协调的原则和方法。     

环境污染对生态危害经济损失风险评估模式的综述

从风险评价和环境经济学角度,综述了环境污染对生态环境危害经济报失的评估模式。     

房地产开发项目环境影响评价的探讨

根据房地产开发项目的特点,阐述该项目施工期、运行期分别对环境产生的不良影响,着重分析施工期扬尘、运行期废水污染情况,以及减缓该不利影响的措施,最后总结房地产开发项目环境影响评价还须进一步探讨的问题。     

沈阳郊区城镇的环境质量特点--浅析新城子区的环境特点

我国北方有众多中小城镇 ,其环境质量大都有一定特点。本文根据多年的环境监测资料 ,以沈阳郊区新城子区年 ,季间的环境质量变化 ,研究其污染特性和特点 ,分析不同时空变化的环境质量。争取中小城镇的环境综合治理提供技术依据。大气污染主要集中在冬季 ,燃煤污染仍然是主要污染来源 ;水环境污染以城镇生活污水为主 ,而且环境水的缺少又给环境带来了巨大的压力     

改善环境质量,发展环境经济--沈阳市环境综合整治社会、经济、环境效益浅析

在论述环境经济的本质及发展环境经济必要性的基础上 ,通过沈阳市环境综合整治的实例 ,阐述改善环境质量对沈阳市社会、经济、环境效益的促进作用     

Institutional, Legal, and Economic Instruments in Ghana's Environmental Policy

The environmental situation in Ghana is characterized by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, and inadequate water supply in the northern regions of the country. The population as a whole is growing at a rate of 3% per annum, with even greater urban growth rates, due to rural out-migration. Large parts of the coastal zone in the south are rapidly developing to become one large suburbanized area. Water quality is particularly threatened in the urban and industrialized areas, which are mainly located in the southern part of the country. The coastal lagoons and coastal waters are moderately to heavily polluted. Erosion extends along the whole Ghanaian coast with excesses, for example, in the Keta area, where during the last century over 90% of the original buildings have been washed awayby the sea. The obvious environmental consequences of the mining sector are illustrative of the environmental threats caused by a fast growing industry and industrializing agriculture, in a country where environmental policy is only in its formative years. Desertification, food insecurity and coastal erosion all contribute to an increasing number of environmental refugees. Environmental policy in Ghana is a post-Rio phenomenon. Environmental laws, a Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, an advisory National Committee for the Implementation of Agenda 21, and a fully mandated environmental administration have been established. This administration advocates a progressive attitude towards environmental legislation and points out the specific utility of economic and legal instruments in environmental management in this relatively fast developing country. The choice of instruments for environmental management is increasingly influenced by the specific state of African environmental and technological capacity and by a call for the recognition of the role of traditional customs in nature conservation. This African perspective on environmental management is further intensified by an unmet need for regional, transboundary cooperation in the West African subcontinent. This specific West African context calls for an elaboration of an effective capacity-building program for environmental management in the area.