全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1362篇 |
免费 | 48篇 |
国内免费 | 38篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 241篇 |
废物处理 | 15篇 |
环保管理 | 200篇 |
综合类 | 561篇 |
基础理论 | 81篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 46篇 |
评价与监测 | 172篇 |
社会与环境 | 48篇 |
灾害及防治 | 83篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 28篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 40篇 |
2014年 | 72篇 |
2013年 | 53篇 |
2012年 | 59篇 |
2011年 | 108篇 |
2010年 | 57篇 |
2009年 | 73篇 |
2008年 | 64篇 |
2007年 | 73篇 |
2006年 | 66篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 65篇 |
2002年 | 55篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 38篇 |
1999年 | 51篇 |
1998年 | 40篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 24篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1448条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
H.A. Kuiper 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):353-363
Abstract The use of agrochemicals like crop protecting agents, veterinary disinfectants, and wood preservatives may result in (un)intentional exposure of the environment, animals and man. This paper deals with current testing strategies to assess the potential health risks for humans exposed to these chemicals during production or application or via consumption of foods containing pesticide residues. Principles and procedures for safety assessment of pesticide residues in food as developed by WHO/FAO are described. Different types of toxicity studies in mammalian test animal species are discussed and a strategy is outlined in order to characterize the toxicity profile of a compound and the relationship between applied doses and adverse effects. Safety testing of agrochemicals should be carried out in relation to its intended use, and in particular attention will be paid to toxicity testing of residues of pesticides in food. Extrapolation of results from animal studies to humans and the use of safety factors is discussed. Besides the use of animal protocol studies for safety testing of agrochemicals, the potential use of in‐vitro models derived from organs and tissues of animals is discussed. Data on the in‐vitro metabolism of thiabendazole, aldicarb and alachlor are discussed in order to demonstrate that such data may complement or partly substitute whole animal experimentation. Principles and procedures for safety testing of residues of agrochemicals in food as applied during the last three decades, constitute a ‘safety‐first’ approach, providing sufficient safety margins for the consumer of foods which may contain low levels of residues of agrochemicals. 相似文献
112.
王文杰 《中国安全科学学报》1991,(2)
本文试用系统论、控制论和信息论的观点探索我国安全生产宏管理模式。文中主要分析了生产安全系统的内涵;行业生产安全系统的内涵;以及生产安全系统的宏观控制的内涵。并指出了行业生产安全系统是生产安全系统的主体控制系统,劳动安全监察系统是生产安全系统的强化控制系统。 相似文献
113.
试论沙漠化灾害危险度评价因子体系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文通过对国内外沙漠化灾害危险度评价因子体系研究现状的分析,从我国实际出发,根据沙漠化灾害危险度的基本内容,首次提出了沙漠化灾害危险度评价因子体系,并给出了相应因子的分级标准。 相似文献
114.
建立城市自然灾害承灾能力指标的思路探讨 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文论述了城市承灾能力的含义,分析了我国城市主要自然灾害以及承文体的类型和致灾因素,探讨了城市承灾能力指标,为城市承灾能力综合评判提供了依据. 相似文献
115.
116.
William M. Alley 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1985,21(1):105-114
ABSTRACT: The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is perhaps the most widely used regional drought index. However, there is considerable ambiguity about its value as a measure of hydrologic drought. In this paper the PDSI for climatic divisions in New Jersey is compared to the occurrence within each climatic division of streamflows in their lower quartile for the month (streamflow index), and ground-water levels in their lower quartile for the month (ground-water index). These indices are found to have distinct properties. It is not uncommon for PDSI values to indicate “severe” or “extreme” drought at times when the streamflow or groundwater index is above its lower quartile at many stations within the climatic division. The PDSI values and groundwater index indicate more persistent subnormal conditions than the streamflow index for truncation levels yielding the same total duration of drought over a period. The ground-water index tends to indicate a later beginning to droughts and of the three indices is the most conservative indicator of a drought's end. Drought timing and duration properties for the ground-water index are found to be highly influenced by the average depth to water in the well. Overall, the three indices of drought can provide three very different characterizations of drought. In particular, the results indicate that considerable caution should be exercised in drawing conclusions about hydrologic drought from the PDSI. 相似文献
117.
118.
Issues of resource conservation and development are essentially about choice between alternative uses of land. Resource evaluation in rural planning has usually been based on assessments of land quality or capability in relation to a variety of alternative uses. In the case of wildlife, choices have to be made as to whether the wildlife resource is worth conserving at all and if so, which sites should be used. Considerable efforts have been made to rationalise, improve and make explicit the way in which choices are made, and this paper reviews the current position and draws attention to issues and developments which could lead to improvements in current practice. 相似文献
119.
Development of a bird integrity index: using bird assemblages as indicators of riparian condition 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
We describe the development of a bird integrity index (BII) that uses bird assemblage information to assess human impacts
on 13 stream reaches in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA. We used bird survey data to test 62 candidate metrics representing
aspects of bird taxonomic richness, tolerance or intolerance to human disturbance, dietary preferences, foraging techniques,
and nesting strategies that were affected positively or negatively by human activities. We evaluated the metric responsiveness
by plotting each one against a measure of site disturbance that included aspects of land use/land cover, road density, riparian
cover, and stream channel and substrate conditions. In addition, we eliminated imprecise and highly correlated (redundant)
metrics, leaving 13 metrics for the final index. Individual metric scores ranged continuously from 0 to 10, and index scores
were weighted to range from 0 to 100. Scores were calibrated using historical species information to set expectations for
the number of species expected under minimally disturbed conditions. Site scores varied from 82 for the least disturbed stream
reach to 8.5 for an urban site. We compared the bird integrity index site scores with the performance of other measures of
biotic response developed during this study: a fish index of biointegrity (IBI) and two benthic macroinvertebrate metrics.
The three assemblages agreed on the general level of disturbance; however, individual sites scored differently depending on
specific indicator response to in-stream or riparian conditions. The bird integrity index appears to be a useful management
and monitoring tool for assessing riparian integrity and communicating the results to the public. Used together with aquatic
indicator response and watershed data, bird assemblage information contributes to a more complete picture of stream condition. 相似文献
120.
Assessing national sustainable development strategies: Strengthening the links to operational policy
At the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, it was agreed that all countries should develop a national sustainable develop‐ment strategy (NSDS) as a key component of implementing the goals of Agenda 21. Progress has been limited. Few countries have established a formal strategy, and many of the strategies that exist have been only partially implemented. This article proposes an approach that addresses the need to improve existing strategic planning mechanisms. The approach is based on a periodic assessment of existing systems, to evaluate the extent to which they incorporate NSDS principles, and identify areas to be strengthened. The article describes an assessment methodology, presents examples of its use, and discusses ways in which current approaches to NSDS may be complemented by continual review and improvement of existing planning processes. 相似文献