关于城市应急供水系统建设的思考

从城市应急供水系统建设的紧迫性和重要性出发,分析了目前我国城市应急供水系统存在的问题和造成城市非常供水的原因。构建了城市应急供水系统的框架,将其分成工程措施和非工程措施两部分,并阐述了工程措施的类型和实施方法,以及非工程措施的各项应急机制,对建立、健全城市应急供水系统进行了探讨。     

Morphological and cytogenetic analysis of intact oocytes and blocked zygotes

We examined cytological and cytogenetic parameters of 1076 oocytes and 385 zygotes that failed to develop post in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Out of 1076 oocytes, 894 (83%) arrested oocytes showed a first polar body and were thus assumed arrested at metaphase II while the remainder showed no polar body. In the group of oocytes with a polar body, 20.5% had an abnormal karyotype. Cytologically, premature sperm chromosome condensation was noted in 28.3% of uncleaved oocytes. This high PCC can be explained by the different grades of oocyte maturity from one center to another. Oocytes from older women showed no increased aneuploidy but did show increased premature chromosome condensation. Analysis by classical technique of 220 uncleaved zygotes showed 91 with highly condensed chromosomes, 53 with asynchrony of condensation, 31 with pulverized chromosomes, and 45 arrested at the first somatic metaphase. Out of 385 arrested zygotes, 165 were explored by in situ hybridization. FISH using a set of 7 chromosome-specific probes showed aneuploidy in the chromosomes analyzed (13, 16, 18, 21, 22, X, Y) in 21.8% of blocked zygotes (19–25% depending on morphology). Extrapolating to other chromosomes, we expect that a vast majority of blocked zygotes and oocytes probably carry chromosome abnormalities. These data demonstrate the contributions of chromosome disorder in early embryo development blocking and implantation failure. Certainly, the issue of cytoplasm and nuclear immaturity and their relation to each other and to chromosome abnormalities provides a fertile area for future investigation in ART. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于视频分析的空管员违规行为识别方法*

为利用视频数据对空管员违规行为进行智能化分析,降低不安全事件发生率,提出2阶段的违规行为识别模型（AR-ResNeXt）,基于实地调研构建空管员视频数据集,利用最小化动态多实例学习损失函数和中心损失函数,获得违规行为检测的判别特征表示,结合异常回归网络和ResNeXt网络,完成对空管员违规行为的时序区间检测与动作分类。研究结果表明:AR-ResNeXt模型在自制数据集中,其帧级AUC达到82.9%,分类准确率达到87.8%,可准确识别空管员发生违规行为的时序区间并进行分类,研究结果可为保障空中交通安全奠定基础。     

关于异常降水预报的思考

洪水灾害是我国的一种主要自然灾害,其产生的原因是异常降水。因此,研究并准确确定异常降水无疑具有重要的意义。基于对洪水发生原因以及太阳黑子变化率与降水量关系的分析结果,初步提出了从某一地区能量以及能量连续变化的观点,来分析与降水有关的能量过程。从宏观一能量的角度,来考虑与降水有关的主要过程以及这些过程之间的定量关系,是一种值得探讨的方法。     

环境激素研究进展探讨

环境激素是一种外源性物质,能干扰生物体正常的内分泌,主要对生物体的生理过程产生很大的影响。目前已知的环境激素大概有70种左右,已经成为世界重大环境问题之一。对环境激素的概念、种类、来源、影响、作用方式以及研究现状等进行了初步的介绍。     

溧阳台体应变异常与地震的对应关系研究

地震预报的基础是要有连续可靠的高质量的观测资料。地震台站一线的工作人员对本台产出的观测资料的可靠性最有发言权,溧阳地震台的体应变观测资料在历年的全国资料质量评比中连续6年获得前三名。本文通过对江苏溧阳地震台体应变观测资料的分析研究,发现1996年11月09日在南黄海6.1级地震和1997年07月28日在南黄海5.1级地震,台湾1999年09月21日7.6级地震和2002年03月31日7.5级地震以及2001年11月14日青海8.1级地震前后,该台体应变资料有较明显的前兆异常反应,并且有一定的变化规律和异常特征,通过对这种规律的总结对地震预报有一定的参考价值,为此,我们对这种规律认真的分析总结,以提供给大家参考。     

Preparation of high resolution chromosomes from amniotic fluid cells

A relatively simple method of obtaining high resolution chromosomes from amniotic fluid cells is described. The elongated chromosomes are achieved by adding ethidium bromide (5μg/ml) to the culture 4 1/2 hours before harvesting and the high resolution banding can be produced by usual banding procedures.     

公共场所人群加速度异常检测系统

针对目前基于速度检测公共场所密集人群异常行为存在的检测准确率低、使用范围局限的问题,从人群的加速度角度对可能导致公共安全事故的人群异常行为进行研究,提出了一种基于加速度检测人群异常行为的算法,并基于该算法实现了针对人群逃散、人群聚集、人群拥挤和人群逆行4种异常行为检测的系统。首先,利用金字塔Lucas-Kanade光流法进行特征点跟踪;然后,在获取到特征点的速度矩阵基础上进一步计算其加速度矩阵,反映速度的整体变化;最后,从加速度大小和方向两方面检测人群异常行为。结果表明,所提算法检测用时较少,相比基于速度检测的对比算法,检测的正确率提高到80%,误报率降低为5%。     

Data classification and performance evaluation for the most commonly-used univariate alarm systems

Alarm systems are critically important for safe and efficient operations of industrial plants, but many industrial alarm systems are suffering from too many nuisance alarms. This paper proposes a method to classify normal and abnormal data segments and evaluate performance indices for the most commonly used univariate alarm systems. The proposed method consists of three steps. First, piece-wise linear representations are exploited in separating historical data samples of an analog process variable configured with alarms into data segments with same qualitative trends. Second, data segments are classified into normal, abnormal and unclassified conditions via a mean hypothesis test; a required assumption is that data segments in normal and abnormal conditions have different mean values being distinguishable from alarm thresholds. Third, based on the normal and abnormal data, performance indices of univariate alarm systems are calculated, including two newly formulated ones as the false alarm duration ratio and the missed alarm duration ratio. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by numerical and industrial examples.     

Prenatal detection of mosaic isochromosome 20q: a fourth report with abnormal phenotype

We described a new case of mosaic isochromosome 20q revealed by amniocentesis. The propositus presented with craniofacial dysmorphism, clubfeet, and vertebral abnormalities. A 46,XX,i(20)(q10)[14]/46,XX[1] karyotype was confirmed by FISH on cultured cells. The pregnancy was terminated. From review of literature, fetus with mosaic isochromosome 20q identified on amniocentesis are most likely to be phenotypically and cytogenetically normal after birth. So we performed CGH and array-CGH to exclude another possible imbalance. We discuss here the possible relation between this chromosomal abnormality and the abnormal phenotype. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.