麦草浆黑液提取性能试验

采用真空吸滤和挤压过滤两段组合式提取装置两次提取麦草浆黑液，能获得高且稳定的黑液提取率。探讨了黑液提取率与浆料洗涤时间、水量的关系及洗后浆所达到的洗净程度等。     

高位阻叔胺(N_(3418))自盐酸溶液中萃取铂的研究

本工作以高位阻叔胺萃取剂N34 18自盐酸溶液中对铂 (Ⅳ )的萃取进行了研究。对萃取时间、水相的酸度、水相的 pH值、萃取剂的浓度、稀释剂等影响因素进行了较全面的分析。用NaOH作为反萃剂对反萃率进行了研究。应用连续变换法、饱和法 ,斜率法确定了萃合物的组成 ,萃合物的组成为 1 4。     

萃取法去除硝基苯生产废水中的硝基酚

用苯、N 50 3 苯作萃取剂对硝基苯生产废水进行处理 ,用苯萃取 3次可使硝基酚的含量达国家规定的三级排放标准 ,而用N 50 3 苯萃取剂萃取废水 2次可使硝基酚含量达到国家规定的一级排放标准。N 50 3的用量宜为萃取剂总量的 2 0 %～ 30 %。     

从废葡萄核中提取油脂的研究

研究了从废葡萄核提取油脂的方法。确定以苯为萃取剂，苯与葡萄核的配比为3：1(VW)，室温下苯萃取60min，出油率达17％以上。用碱性双氧水精制，活性炭脱色，可得到精制油品。讨论了不同操作条件对提取油脂产率和脱色效果的影响，从而确定了较佳的提取条件。     

人造板甲醛释放量检测影响因素分析

对GB/T17657和GB/18580规定的3种方法(萃取法、干燥器法、环境舱法)的影响因素进行了比较,认为应优先采用分光光度法检测甲醛释放量。在检测中要注意环境温湿度、显色及放置时间的掌握、样品平衡放置时间、仪器精度控制等因素。     

硼泥浸提实验研究

硼泥为工业废渣之一，对环境的危害极大。在对某地硼泥进行矿物分析、化学分析和浸提实验的基础上，系统研究了硼泥中元素的释放规律和Ｂ在土壤中的迁移转化及对作物的危害。结果发现硼泥对环境的危害主要是其淋溶水中的Ｂ、Ｎａ含量及ｐＨ值过高造成的。     

正己烷萃取-气相色谱法快速测定水中三氯乙烯

采用正己烷萃取法对水中三氯乙烯进行富集,用毛细管柱气相色谱法进行测定;通过正交试验,对气相色谱测定的主要影响因素和条件进行优化选择,并进行定量评价,总结其影响规律,最终确定最佳测定条件。同时对该方法检出限、准确度和精密度进行检验,完成方法验证。结果表明,该方法简单、快速、准确可靠,灵敏度高,在水环境质量监测中具有实用性。     

Modelling optimal exploitation of petroleum resources in India

In this paper, the exploitation of petroleum resources in India is analyzed by developing a dynamic optimization modeling framework—PETEX. This model combines the practical aspects in determining optimal rates of extraction of oil and gas from a reservoir with a hybrid approach to estimating the discovery rate of petroleum resources in the future, additionally incorporating a stochastic specification to capture the uncertainty associated with discovery. The model acts as an aid to joint production–investment decision making for the entire supply process from drilling through production and in determining the import requirement to meet the country’s oil demand. The model results and sensitivity analysis suggest an acute requirement of sustained infusion of investment into the various upstream activities at a rate much higher than the current levels in order to bridge the demand—supply gap for crude oil. With the opening up of the Indian economy, it is hoped that the participation of the private sector in upstream activities would increase thereby increasing the investments available for upstream activity.     

萃取—汽提法处理硝基苯废水的研究

先用苯萃取使废水中硝莽本的浓度达３ｐｐｍ以下，再用水蒸气汽提使废水中的苯浓度达１０ｐｐｍ以下，并使硝基苯浓度进一步降低，处理后的废水全面达到国家二级排放标准。苯和萃取出的硝基苯都可回收利用．。     

Evaluation of dilute hydrochloric acid and acid ammonium oxalate as extractants for some heavy metals from Nile River sediments

The suitability of a 0.5 M HCl solution for extraction of Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn from Nile River sediments was evaluated by comparing its effectiveness with that of conventional acid ammonium oxalate (Tamm's solution) and aqua regia extraction solutions. The present study has shown that although the extraction data indicate that both 0.5 M HCl and acid ammonium oxalate solutions are able to extract heavy metals simultaneously from the adsorbed, organic, and precipitated phases of Nile sediments, the 0.5 M HCl solution is preferred. It provides a rapid, reliable, and inexpensive method of measuring environmentally mobile metal concentrations in the aquatic sediments. From an analytical chemistry point of view, the 0.5 M HCl extracts do not clog the atomizer of the spectrophotometer. Extraction with dilute HCl solution obviates the need to use chemicals, some of which are toxic or not available readily as a high-purity grade. A standard extraction method should be relatively simple, to conduct a routine analysis of large numbers of sediment samples, yet at the same time it should provide sufficient information for assessment of the environmental impact of particulate metals. Therefore, extraction with 0.5 M HCl solution is very suitable for heavy-metal pollution monitoring in the Nile River