烟气深度余热回收技术对燃气锅炉NOx排放扩散迁移规律的影响研究

运用Fluent计算软件对北京市丰台区某燃气锅炉排放烟气中NOx的转化和扩散过程进行了数值模拟,定量地研究了烟气深度余热回收技术对燃气锅炉排放NOx在大气中的迁移规律产生的影响,并与Screen 3模型模拟的结果进行了对比.研究发现:烟气深度余热回收技术的应用使NOx的最大落地浓度与烟气直排时相比增加了2.5倍,NOx对本地地表的影响面积增大了15750 m2,增加了本地环境污染的风险.结合燃气锅炉的NOx控制技术提出了缓解局部环境风险的解决方案.结果表明,烟气深度余热回收技术与低氮燃烧技术联用,NOx的控制效率达到70%以上时,在有效提升锅炉热效率的同时,可以缓解由于烟温大幅下降造成的本地环境污染恶化的风险.     

城市建筑废弃物的科学管理与有效利用研究

在城镇化建设进程中,经济快速发展和建设过程中产生的建筑垃圾是同时并存的.作为可回收利用资源的建筑废弃物,通过有效利用可转化成可观的经济效益;若对于建筑废弃物未科学回用,不仅会造成资源浪费,还会引起生态系统破坏.通过了解国内外建筑废弃物现状,阐述建筑废弃物处理手段,分析建筑再生材料的市场应用前景.进而对国内建筑垃圾管理和利用提出相关建议和展望,为建筑废弃物环境管理和资源化利用提供理论依据和支持.     

生物接触氧化+植物一体化装置处理小城镇污水试验研究

利用“生物接触氧化+植物”一体化装置处理城镇污水,试验最终选用悬浮多面球作填料,采用射流曝气,控制进水流量为0.45 m3/h,进水浓度为COD 63～467 mg/L、NH3-N 11.21～52.7 mg/L、TN 28.6 ～63.5mg/L和TP １.1～6.42 mg/L时,COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到88％、86％、70％、60％以上,出水COD≤30 mg/L,NH3-N≤5 mg/L、TN≤13 mg/L、TP≤0.5 mg/L.水质优于《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准,具有较好的工程应用前景.     

对挥发性有机废气治理技术的研究

针对挥发性有机废气治理技术,介绍了挥发性有机物及其危害,主要包括对挥发性有机物的介绍、VOCs对环境的危害,同时介绍了VOCs的来源,挥发性有机废气对环境和人类产生的严重危害,文章阐述了挥发性有机物的来源及危害,然后对有机废气的技术原理及应用进行了介绍,主要有回收法和分解法两种方法,其中有吸附法、吸收法、冷凝法、膜分离技术和燃烧法、生物法、电晕法、生化法的开发应用.     

Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads

The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid(CDTA). The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron. It was also demonstrated that the synthesized beads are mesoporous. The influence of several experimental parameters(i.e.: H2O2 dose,working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated. The reaction temperature significantly affects the drug conversion efficiency. It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide. Under optimum conditions(0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration = 10 mg/L,25 μL of 10 mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached. The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability;a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs(only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching(0.8%) have been observed. The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant. It constitutes a good candidate in the water treatment area.     

高级氧化技术降解含氮除草剂的研究进展

目前,含氮除草剂已在全球范围内得到广泛使用,随着其不断的排入水体,会对水体生态环境和人体健康造成严重危害。介绍了几种主要的高级氧化技术降解含氮除草剂的机理,并综述了国内外利用高级氧化技术在降解含氮除草剂领域所取得的研究进展,为开发新的降解含氮除草剂技术提供参考。     

Advanced treatment of wet-spun acrylic fiber manufacturing wastewater using three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation

A three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation(3D-EC) reactor with introduction of activated carbon(AC) as particle micro-electrodes was applied for the advanced treatment of secondary wastewater effluent of a wet-spun acrylic fiber manufacturing plant. Under the optimized conditions(current density of 500 A/m~2, circulation rate of 5 mL/min, AC dosage of 50 g, and chloride concentration of 1.0 g/L), the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand(COD_(cr)), NH3–N, total organic carbon(TOC), and ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm(UV_(254)) of the 3D-EC reactor were 64.5%, 60.8%, 46.4%, and 64.8%, respectively; while the corresponding effluent concentrations of COD_(cr), NH_3–N, TOC, and UV_(254) were 76.6, 20.1, and42.5 mg/L, and 0.08 Abs/cm, respectively. The effluent concentration of COD_(cr) was less than 100 mg/L, which showed that the treated wastewater satisfied the demand of the integrated wastewater discharge standard(GB 8978-1996). The 3D-EC process remarkably improved the treatment efficiencies with synergistic effects for COD_(cr), NH_3–N, TOC, and UV_(254) during the stable stage of 44.5%, 38.8%, 27.2%, and 10.9%, respectively, as compared with the sum of the efficiencies of a two-dimensional electrochemical oxidation(2D-EC) reactor and an AC adsorption process, which was ascribed to the numerous micro-electrodes of AC in the 3D-EC reactor. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis revealed that electrochemical treatment did not generate more toxic organics, and it was proved that the increase in acute biotoxicity was caused primarily by the production of free chlorine.     

热解析-脉冲低温等离子体集成系统脱汞研究

热解析-脉冲低温等离子体集成处理系统是专门针对典型含汞废物安全处置而开发的,可以同时有效控制汞等多种复合气体污染物。通过检测热解炉后烟气中和等离子体反应器入口、出口气体中Hg0和Hg2+浓度,研究汞的价态转化及添加剂对脱汞效果的影响。结果表明:热解烟气中Hg2+/HgT为17%~45%,Hg0/HgT为55%~83%,热解温度主要影响汞价态分布,WMC添加量主要影响汞浓度值;加入添加剂会促进汞的脱除,但添加剂过量不利于汞的氧化;热解炉中添加50 g WMC和5 g升华硫添加剂时,反应器内Hg0氧化率和总汞损失率分别可达55%和42%。该研究可以为探索新型含汞废物处置工艺,实现含汞废物深度净化提供新思路。     

化学氧化耦合电动力技术修复有机污染土壤

有机污染物严重危害着我国土壤环境。探讨了电动力技术修复有机污染土壤的可行性及相关参数的变化特性,并探究了电动力修复耦合化学氧化工艺及表面活性剂辅助等多种措施对修复效果的影响。结果表明:表面活性剂辅助反应可帮助提高有机污染物溶解性与迁移性能,从而提高修复效果;采用KMn O4氧化耦合电动力工艺修复受污染高岭土时有着最佳的修复效率,污染物平均去除率可达70%。     

大尺寸结构振动试验系统浅析

研究总结了大尺寸结构振动试验系统现状与振动试验方法,解决随着振动试件尺寸的增大而出现的振动试验加载安装尺寸不足和单台振动台推力不足等问题。对国内外主要可靠性试验室针对大尺寸振动试验采取的方法和技术进行了研究和总结,分析与比较不同技术和方法对于解决问题的优劣,并介绍了采用不同方法进行大尺寸结构试件振动试验案例。总结并介绍了大尺寸结构产品振动试验系统,并对未来大尺寸结构产品振动试验系统的发展进行了展望。