Anthropometric study of emergency medical services providers (EMSP) in the United States

Introduction: Design of next-generation ambulance patient compartment requires up-to date anthropometric data of emergency medical service providers (EMSP). Currently, no such data exist in the U.S. A large-scale anthropometric study of EMSP in the U.S. were conducted. This report provided the summary statistics (means, standard deviation, and percentiles) of the study’s results and examined the anthropometric differences between the EMSP dataset and the U.S. general population, and between the EMSP dataset and U.S. military personnel dataset, respectively. Method: An anthropometric study of 471 male and 161 female EMSP from across the continental US was conducted, using a sampling strategy that took into account age, sex, and race strata. Results: On average, male EMSP were found to be 18 mm taller and 7 kg heavier than US male general population, and 19 mm taller and 11 kg heavier than US male military personnel. Female EMSP were found to be 25 mm taller than US female general population, and 10 kg heavier than US female military personnel. Conclusions: These results showed that it would be inappropriate to apply general population or military data to the design of next-generation ambulance patient compartment. This new dataset provided the most recent and accurate EMSP anthropometric measurements available in the US. Practical Application: Data from this study provided an invaluable resource for the design of next-generation ambulances in the US.     

自动扶梯(人行道)安全距离测量专用工具箱的设计

在自动扶梯(人行道)的检验过程中,关于安全距离和尺寸的测量项目众多,特别是针对防夹装置、防护挡板以及扶手带周围距离等项目的检验,烦琐复杂且费时费力.本文简要讨论了国内自动扶梯典型事故、自动扶梯(人行道)安全距离和尺寸的检验难点以及目前市场上的解决方案,开发出专用工具箱,从而有效提高检验准确率和效率.     

便携式布氏硬度计在电厂金属硬度检测中的应用

针对电厂金属部件及焊缝现场硬度检测中里氏硬度计误差较大的问题,介绍了有关标准的进展情况,以及便携式布氏硬度计和压痕自动测量装置的最新技术.结果表明:在现场硬度检测中,对有争议的硬度值宜采用便携式布氏硬度计进行测量校核,国内已形成关于便携式布氏硬度计的标准体系,自动压痕测量装置配合便携式布氏硬度计非常适于电厂的现场硬度检测,通过换算得到的数据,不能作为投诉和满足验收要求的依据.     

大连市生态遥感野外核查照片管理系统设计及应用

在生态环境遥感解译野外核查中,获取了大量的照片数据集,为充分发挥这些照片在遥感解译中的作用,开发野外核查照片管理系统对这些照片进行统一管理。该系统实现了照片文件名自动重编码、照片数据库管理、照片地物空间定位等功能,实现了野外核查照片与遥感标准假彩色影像关联,为掌握遥感解译标志和积累先验遥感解译知识提供了训练平台。     

水力旋流器速度场的PDPA测试研究

应用相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)对液液水力旋流器模型的内部流场进行了测试,分析了旋流器内部速度场的特点。通过进口流量的变化,测试了该模型的不同截面上的速度场分布情况。测试结果表明:随着流量的增大,旋流器轴截面上的速度都增大,旋流变大,有利于连续相和分散相的分离;旋流器中连续相和分散相速度分布趋势相同,但在管芯处,两者速度滑移明显。     

Determination activity of radionuclides in marine sediment by gamma spectrometer with anti cosmic shielding

In this work, the activities of radionuclides in a marine sediment sample have been determined. The gamma spectrometer comprises an N type coaxial HPGe detector with active shielding to reduce cosmic background. The mass activities of radionuclides have been derived and found to be around a few Bq kg⁻¹ to several hundreds Bq kg⁻¹ with relative uncertainties in this paper quoted corresponding to the combined standard uncertainties (k = 1).     

The use of a lacertid lizard as a model for reptile ecotoxicology studies--part 1 field demographics and morphology

At the European level, lacertid lizards have been proposed as potential model species for reptile ecotoxicology. We studied demographic and morphological aspects of natural field subpopulations of Podarcis bocagei inhabiting similar agricultural habitats which were either regularly exposed to pesticides, or not. Parameters examined in this study included population size and density, sex ratio, adult body size, fluctuating asymmetry in femoral pores and parasite prevalence. In general, we detected few statistically significant differences between the exposed and reference subpopulations. Although field situations are ecologically complex and factors other than pesticides may be acting, the absence of observable effects on field subpopulations is probably indicative that lizards are coping or compensating for this level of exposure.     

高低温试验能力验证常见不满意原因分析

测量审核和实验室间比对是能力验证计划的有效补充形式,是实验室或者检查机构用于实验室质量控制及申请CNAS认可的重要手段。本文随机抽取2010年～2012年低温试验测量审核与高温试验实验室间比对结果为不满意的报告各8份作为样本,进行原因分析,并给出技术建议,旨在让参加实验室在以后的相关试验中能规避常见问题,提高测试能力。     

Does Divergence of Nutrient Load Measurements Matter for Successful Mitigation of Marine Eutrophication?

Successful implementation of an international nutrient abatement agreement, such as the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), requires consistent understanding of the baseline nutrient loads, and a perception of acceptable costs and fairness in targeted reductions of these base line loads. This article presents a general framework for identifying the implications of divergence between different nutrient load quantification approaches, with regard to both cost and fairness criteria outcomes, for the international agreement to decrease nutrient loads into the Baltic Sea as presented in the BSAP. The results indicate that even relatively small divergence in the nutrient load quantification translates into relatively large differences in abatement cost for different Baltic Sea countries. A robust result, irrespective of differences in nutrient load assessments, is a conflict between abatement cost effectiveness and fairness, with relatively poor countries facing heavy abatement cost burdens for cost-effective international load abatement.