Organizing knowledge for tutoring fire loss prevention

The San Bernardino National Forest in southern California has recently developed a systematic approach to wildfire prevention planning. However, a comprehensive document or other mechanism for teaching this process to other prevention personnel does not exist. Anintelligent tutorial expert system is being constructed to provide a means for learning the process and to assist in the creation of specific prevention plans. An intelligent tutoring system (ITS) contains two types of knowledge—domain and tutoring. The domain knowledge for wildfire prevention is structured around several foci: (1) individual concepts used in prevention planning; (2) explicitly specified interrelationships between concepts; (3) deductive methods that contain subjective judgment normally unavailable to less-experienced users; (4) analytical models of fire behavior used for identification of hazard areas; (5) how-to guidance needed for performance of planning tasks; and (6) expository information that provides a rationale for planning steps and ideas. Combining analytical, procedure, inferential, conceptual, and expositional knowledge into a tutoring environment provides the student and/or user with a multiple perspective of the subject matter. Aconcept network provides a unifying framework for structuring and utilizing these diverse forms of prevention planning knowledge. This network structure borrows from and combines semantic networks and frame-based knowledge representations. The flexibility of this organization facilitates an effective synthesis and organization of multiple knowledge forms.     

南昌市名特优农产品生产基地布局规划

本文通过对南昌市名特优农产品资源、生产现状和市场条件的综合分析，确立了发挥地区资源优势，重点发展的名特优农产品，并进行了科学合理的规划和布局。     

海洋信息工程安全生产管理体系建设研究

海洋信息工程是战略性与风险性并存的新兴产业,如何科学构建安全生产管理体系、有效管控安全风险,成为各界关注的重点。本文分析了海洋信息工程的高风险性,围绕风险管控探索海洋信息工程安全生产管理体系建设的原则和策略,创新地提出"三全"法、一库四系统、多元共治等风险辨识治理措施,为海洋信息工程安全生产管理体系建设提供多种方法。     

认识电磁辐射 畅享绿色生活

电磁辐射是能量以电磁波的形式在空间传播方式,人类赖以生存的地球本身就是一个巨大的电磁场环境,由于人工电磁辐射源的应用,使得电磁场环境趋于复杂化,但只有超过国家规定的电磁环境质量标准时,才称为电磁环境污染.近来,电磁环境信访投诉事件剧增,人们需正确认识电磁辐射,才能安心工作和生活,电磁类建设项目才能更好地服务人们,才能更高效地促进社会发展.     

HPLC法测定有机-元酸、碱的酸常数

本文用HPLC法测定了37种有机一元酸、碱的酸常数,其测定值和文献值吻合较好。     

A Knowledge-Based Approach to the Assessment of Watershed Condition

The Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system is an application framework for knowledge-based decision support of ecological assessments. EMDS integrates geographic information system and knowledge base system technologies to provide an analytical tool for environmental assessment and monitoring. The basic objective of EMDS is to improve the quality and completeness of environmental assessments and the efficiency with which they are performed. The USDA Forest Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have cooperatively developed an EMDS knowledge base for watershed condition assessment. Specifically, this knowledge base evaluates watershed processes, patterns, general effects of human activity, and fisheries habitat suitability. Such assessments are based on spatially explicit input data concerning current conditions and reference conditions which are subsequently interpreted by user-defined "fuzzy" membership functions. In this paper we describe basic components of our knowledge base for assessing watershed condition and illustrate its application within northern Idaho and northwestern Montana.     

利用保留时间锁定软件对水中挥发性有机物进行气相色谱测定

使用保留时间锁定软件 (RTL) ,在气相色谱体系中建立了水质中 5 3种挥发性有机物的保留时间数据库 ,使原始的保留时间成为化合物定性的可靠参数 ,实现了未知样品在色谱仪上的定性 ,提高了分析效率。     

粤西两类混合岩地质地球化学对比及与金成矿作用关系探讨

笔者在对粤西进行金银成矿作用研究的过程中,发现该地区存在两类不同成因的混合岩类,第一类为基底混合岩,第二类为断裂变质混合岩,两者在许多方面都存在很大差异。本文从它们的形成时间、分布空间、成岩方式、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学以及与金银等元素的成矿作用关系等方面进行了研究,分别阐述了两者的各自特点,并进行了对比,研究表明,基底混合岩化作用与金银的成矿作用关系主要表现为前者为后者提供了物质基础,而断裂变质混合岩化作用与金银的成矿作用关系则主要表现为前者或其邻近的构造带对后者的空间上的控制,其次才表现为成矿作用提供物质基础。     

环境数据管理系统在环境监测中的应用

环境监测数据管理存储了大气、河流、湖库、生物、噪声、城市饮用水等大量数据及空气质量标准、地面水标准、噪声标准、项目代码、监测项目等重要信息，提高了数据管理水平和效率，能系统、准确提供监测数据、统计分析结果及国家相关的环境标准数据。     

海洋生态调控智能决策技持系统的结构模型

海洋生态调控智能决策支持系统（ＩＤＳＳＭＥＲ）是建立在海洋生态系统动力学原理与控制论方法基础上，以计算机科学技术为主，综合系统科学、管理科学以及海洋生态学的理论和方法的人机交互系统，旨在为决策者在协调资源与环境的生态关系、探索海洋生物资源可持续发展的生态调控对策与可行途径等方面提供一个良好的支持工具。给出ＩＤＳＳＭＥＲ的数据库系统、模型库系统、方法库系统及知识库系统，具有信息服务、科学计算和决策咨询的功能，这种四库三功能结构，以实规定量计算与定性推理有机地结合。最后构迄了基于数据库的知识库以及采用双向推理策略的海洋生态知识库系统结构。