基于GIS的凤嘴江水污染控制规划数据库研究

地理信息系统（GIS）是20世纪60年代兴起的新技术，将它应用于水污染控制规划（WPCP）是一个新的研究领域，其中数据库是整个系统的基础和信息源，也是系统发展的瓶颈技术之一，有必要进行深入和全面的研究，由于水污染控制规划系统本身的复杂性，决定了其所涉及的数据比一般的管理信息系统得杂得多，本研究以GeoMediaProfessional3.0为基础平台，对系统数据库建库过程中涉及的数据特点，数据结果与数据模型，数据组织与管理，数据库功能分析等问题进行了研究，开发了GIS技术的凤嘴江水污染控制规划数据库，较好地满足了GIS应用的要求，为相关数据库的建设提供了经验。     

有机酸碱类污染物溶解度的测定及估算

采用反相高效液相色谱法和振荡法测定了四十二种有机酸、碱化合物的溶解度,建立了用分配系数、熔点估算溶解度的方程,测定和估算了有机酸、碱类污染物在不同pH条件下的溶解度。实验测定值、文献值和估算值三者吻合较好。     

有机酸、碱类污染物分配系数的测定及相关性研究

用反相高效液相色谱(RHPLC)法及振荡法测定了42种环境中常见的有机酸、碱类污染物的分配系数,两种方法的测定值与文献值吻合较好,但RHPLC法快速、准确、样品用量少、测定范围宽、且对样品纯度要求低.测定了苯酚类化合物在环己烷/水、四氯化碳/水、氯仿/水、和苯/水体系中的分配系数,并建立了这四种体系与正辛醇/水体系分配系数的相关方程.     

发展有机食品生产 保护农村生态环境

有机食品生产在全球蓬勃发展，发展大连有机食品生产，建设大连有机食品的基地，对发展大连可持续农业，保护大连农村生态环境意义重大。评议中谈及到大连市发展有机食品生产基地的必要性和可能性等方面。     

加快优势矿产开发,建设原材料生产基地

攀西-六盘水地区矿产资源种类繁多,储量丰富,优势明显,在国内占有重要地位。本文从区内赋存的矿产资源条件和现有工业基础出发,分析了发展高耗能原材料工业的有利条件和制约因素,阐述了建设以钢铁、有色金属和磷化工为主的原材料生产基地的布局构想,并提出了加快开发利用优势矿产资源的对策建议。     

准东煤电基地工业固体废物综合利用研究

准东煤电基地部署10座燃煤电厂,电厂的开发建设带动当地经济社会发展的同时,对周围生态、环境空气质量产生较大影响.通过对准东煤电基地固体废物调查研究,调查结果显示10个电源项目年产生粉煤灰194.76万t、炉渣24.95万t、石子煤16.15万t、脱硫石膏86.04万t.工业固体废物在灰场堆存占用大面积土地,造成极大的资源浪费.为提高准东煤电基地固体废物综合利用率,结合准东地区现有企业对此类固体废物的利用情况,从循环经济、固废管理等角度提出准东煤电基地工业固体废物污染防治对策.     

A National Assessment of the Potential Linkage between Soil,and Surface and Groundwater Concentrations of Phosphorus

A meta‐analysis of three national databases determined the potential linkage between soil and surface and groundwater enrichment with phosphorus (P). Soil P was enriched especially under dairying commensurate with an increase in cow numbers and the tonnage of P‐fertilizers sold. Median P concentrations were enriched in surface waters receiving runoff from industrial and dairy land uses, and in groundwater beneath dairying especially in those aquifers with gravel or sand lithology, irrespective of groundwater redox status. After geographically pairing surface and groundwater sites to maximize the chance of connectivity, a subset of sites dominated by aquifers with gravel and sand lithology showed increasing P concentrations with as little as 10 years data. These data raise the possibility that groundwater could contribute much P to surface water if: there is good connectivity between surface and groundwater, intensive land use occurs on soils prone to leaching, and leached‐P is not attenuated through aquifers. While strategies are available to mitigate P loss from intensive farming systems in the short‐term, factors such as enriched soils and slow groundwater may mean that despite their use, there will be a long‐term input (viz. legacy), that may sustain surface water P enrichment. To avoid poor surface water quality, management and planning may need to consider the connectivity and characteristics of P in soil‐groundwater‐surface water systems.     

Analysis on research trends with dust explosions by bibliometric approach

Highly destructive combustible dust explosions, which is prone to cause secondary explosion, has been a concern in industrial processes. To understand the current development and status of research on dust explosions, 1276 publications related to dust explosions from 1998 to 2021 were indexed through the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize and analyze the collected literature information. The number of articles related to dust explosions has increased from 12 in 1998 to 191 in 2021. China, the United States, and Canada are the major contributors in this field. Dalhousie University, Beijing Institute of Technology, and Dalian University of Technology are at the core of dust explosion research. Wei Gao, Paul Amyotte, and Chi-Min Shu are the most prolific researchers. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Powder Technology, and Process Safety and Environmental Protection are the major sources of publications related to dust explosions. The research topic of dust explosions mainly evolves into four aspects: explosion characteristics and influencing factors, research media, explosion suppression, and numerical simulation. New research hotspots have appeared related to gas–dust hybrid mixtures, nanomaterials, and powder suppressants. The results can help researchers in the dust explosion field to quickly determine the research frontier and the overall situation.     

基于动态信任网络的突发事件模型库系统的研究

根据突发事件应急决策的需求,本文结合模型网络法和基于信任筛选器的模型组合方法,提出了动态信任网络的模型组合方法,实现了根据不同的突发事件和不同环境选择适合的模型进行模型组合。在运用动态信任网络模型组合方法的基础上,本文应用Agent技术提出了一种智能化较高的突发事件模型库,不仅增强了模型库的适应性和模型库的自学习功能,而且还可以对耦合灾害和复杂事件链的应急处置提供良好的模型决策支持功能。     

Assessment of river water quality during snowmelt and base flow periods in two catchment areas with different land use

River water quality was evaluated with respect to eutrophication and land use during spring snowmelt and summer base flow periods in Abashiri (mixed cropland-livestock farming) and Okoppe (grassland-based dairy cattle farming), eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Water from rivers and tributaries was sampled during snowmelt and summer base flow periods in 2005, and river flow was measured. Total N (TN), NO₃–N, and Si concentrations were determined using standard methods. Total catchment and upland areas for each sampling site were determined with ArcGIS hydrology modeling software and 1:25,000-scale digital topographic maps. Specific discharge was significantly higher during snowmelt than during base flow. In both areas, TN concentrations increased, whereas Si concentrations decreased, with increased specific discharge, and were significantly higher during snowmelt. The Si:TN mole ratio decreased to below or close to the threshold value for eutrophication (2.7) in one-third of sites during snowmelt. River NO₃–N concentrations during base flow were significantly and positively correlated with the proportion of upland fields in the catchment in both the Abashiri (r = 0.88, P < 0.001) and Okoppe (r = 0.43, P < 0.01) areas. However, the regression slope, defined as the impact factor (IF) of water quality, was much higher in Abashiri (0.025) than in Okoppe (0.0094). The correlations were also significantly positive during snowmelt in both areas, but IF was four to eight times higher during snowmelt than during base flow. Higher discharge of N from upland fields and grasslands during snowmelt and the resulting eutrophication in estuaries suggest that nutrient discharge during snowmelt should be taken into account when assessing and monitoring the annual loss of nutrients from agricultural fields.