絮凝沉淀法测定地表水中氨氮的方法改进

本文通过比较监测黑臭河流氨氮时人员比对的结果,对絮凝沉淀预处理过程的关键因素进行了改进。结果表明,直接在离心管中絮凝沉淀、离心、取样分析,精密度和准确度更好,而且方便快捷,值得推广。     

聚铁絮凝处理淀粉废水的试验研究

通过试验研究探讨了淀粉絮凝处理中，影响聚铁絮凝的主要因素，即聚铁用量、搅拌强度、搅拌时间、搅拌方式及沉降时间对絮凝的影响，优选出处理这种废水的最佳絮凝操作条件，并使出水ＣＯＤ值达到排放标准。     

石油从泥沙上解吸的特性研究

介绍了一种全新的光电检测方法－透光脉动检测技术，它利用悬浮液颗粒组成的随机脉动变化特性，可以分析和检测出悬浮液中颗粒的聚集状态及其变化情况。将该检测技术用于水处理中的絮凝过程的研究，便成为一种非常有效的方法和手段，可适用于高浊度水，低浊度水，工业废水和污泥脱水等多种水质的絮凝过程及其影响因素的研究中，具有广泛的应用前景。     

微电解-絮凝沉降-ABR-SBR组合工艺处理高密度人造纤维板废水

高密度人造纤维板污水的CODCr,BOD5及甲醛等浓度均很高,污水经格栅除去漂浮物后进入微电解池,利用新生态H对大分子有机物进行氧化分解,同时利用Fe3 的絮凝作用去除污水的CODCr,SS等;污水进入絮凝沉淀池后,通过调节pH值,投加PAN及PAM,将水中的有机物和SS吸附、沉降;污水进入ABR系统后,经水解、厌氧生物的作用,将大分子及难溶的有机物降解,提高其可生化性;最后污水进入SBR处理系统,经过进水、曝气氧化、沉淀、排水、闲置等5个阶段不断循环后,水质得到有效降解.污水经处理后,出水水质稳定,可达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中的二级排放标准.     

废线切割液絮凝破乳的研究

针对废线切割液乳化稳定性高、ＣＯＤ值高及采用单一絮凝剂处理难以达到破乳目的等特点，通过筛选复配出了最佳破乳絮凝剂，并得出复配剂适用的ｐＨ值、投药剂量和顺序等最佳絮凝条件。试验结果表明，在ｐＨ＝６．５～８．０，投量为２．８～３．０ｇ／Ｌ的条件下，用复配药剂处理ＣＯＤＣｒ为５６３０００ｍｇ／Ｌ的废线切割乳液，油水分离较完全，ＣＯＤＣｒ的去除率达９８．８％以上，其处理效果明显优于常规絮凝剂。     

Influence of trivalent electrolytes on the humic colloid-borne transport of contaminant metals: competition and flocculation effects

With the objective to assess the relevance of competitive effects in respect of the humic colloid-borne migration of actinides in case of release, the influence of Al(III) on humate complexation of La(III) as an analogue of trivalent actinides was investigated for various humic materials by using 140La as a radioactive tracer, allowing measurements in very dilute systems to simulate realistic settings. Generally, competition by aluminium is not detectable unless the metal-loading capacity of the humic colloids is nearly exhausted. For average contents of organic carbon, a threshold value of 10(-6) M Al(III) can be specified. The metal exchange turned out to be kinetically hindered. Effects on co-adsorption of La(III) and humic acid were found to be less important. Immobilization by the concomitantly induced flocculation process outweighs the role of displacement effects. Comparative studies on complexation and flocculation of humic acid with Al(III), Ga(III), In(III), Sc(III), Y(III), and La(III) were undertaken in order to evaluate the influence of specific properties apart from ion charge and to characterize the mechanism of flocculation. In spite of considerable variations in the binding affinities among these metals, it can be inferred that the possibility of significant competitive effects in natural aquatic systems is confined to Al(III). Complex stabilities and flocculation efficiencies proved to be interrelated. Precipitation is thus attributed to homocoagulation of humic colloids induced by charge compensation, which is further supported by flocculation experiments with Al(III) depending on pH, ionic strength, and humic acid concentration.     

Novel synthesis of aluminum hydroxide gel-coated nano zero-valent iron and studies of its activity in flocculation-enhanced removal of tetracycline

A newly designed aluminum hydroxide gel-coated nanoscale zero-valent iron(AHG@NZVI)with enhanced activity and dispersibility of NZVI was successfully synthesized.The AHG@NZVI composite was synthesized via control of the surface AHG content.AHG@NZVI-1,AHG@NZVI-2 and AHG@NZVI-3 were prepared under centrifugal mixing speeds of 1000,2000 and 4000 r/min,respectively.The activity of AHG@NZVI was evaluated by its tetracycline(TC) removal efficiency.The effects of AHG content,pH value,reaction temperature,and presence of competitive anions on TC removal were investigated.TC could be removed by both adsorption and chemical reduction on AHG@NZVI-2(centrifugal speed 2000 r/min) in a short time with high removal efficiency(≥98.1%) at the optimal conditions.Such excellent performance can be attributed to a synergistic interaction between aluminum hydroxide gel and NZVI:(1) AHG could enhance the stability and dispersity of NZVI;(2) aluminum hydroxide gel could absorb a certain amount of TC and Fe~(2+)/Fe~(3+),which facilitated the mass transfer of TC onto the NZVI surface,resulting in acceleration of the reduction rate of TC by the AHG@NZVI composite;and(3) AHG-Fe~(2+)/Fe~(3+)could absorb a certain amount of TC by flocculation.The kinetics of TC removal by AHG@NZVI composite was found to follow a two-parameter pseudo-first-order model.The presence of competitive anions slightly inhibited the activity of AHG@NZVI systems for TC removal.Overall,this study provides a promising alternative material and environmental pollution management option for antibiotic wastewater treatment.     

Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation

Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites. Furthermore, the effect of various extraction methods(physical and chemical) on compositional, structural, physical and functional properties of microbial EPS has been addressed. The vital knowledge of the effect of extraction method on various important attributes of EPS can help to choose the suitable extraction method depending upon the intended use of EPS. The possible use of different molecular biological techniques for enhanced production of desired EPS was summarized.     

混凝絮凝法去除腐质酸的研究

进行了混凝絮凝法去除水中腐殖酸的研究，结果表明，同传统的絮凝剂相比，微生物絮凝剂不仅用量少，去除效果好(去除率可达60％)，而且不产生二次污染，可应用于废水特别是给水中腐殖酸的去除工艺中，对絮凝剂的絮凝机理进行了初步研究，研究表明，微生物絮凝剂去除腐殖酸主要是通过架桥完成的，不同于A12(SO4)3的电中和机理。     

微生物絮凝剂普鲁兰絮凝机理初探

通过试验研究了微生物絮凝剂普鲁兰对不同原水的絮凝效果,进而对其絮凝机理及应用条件进行了探讨.试验表明,普鲁兰与无机絮凝剂(特别是铝盐和铁盐)复配使用在水处理领域具有潜在的应用前景.