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161.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):531-544
The presence of toxic mercury (II) in water is an ever-growing problem on earth that has various harmful effect on human health and aquatic living organisms. Therefore, detection of mercury (II) in water is very much crucial and several researches are going on in this topic. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered as an effective device for sensing of toxic heavy metal ions in water. The tunable functionalities with large surface area of highly semiconducting MOFs enhance its activity towards fluorescence sensing. In this study, we are reporting one highly selective and sensitive luminescent sensor for the detection of mercury (II) in water. A series of binary MOF composites were synthesized using in-situ solvothermal synthetic technique for fluorescence sensing of Hg2+ in water. The well-distributed graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots on porous zirconium-based MOF improve Hg2+ sensing activity in water owing to their great electronic and optical properties. The binary MOF composite (2) i.e., the sensor exhibited excellent limit of detection (LOD) value of 2.4 nmol/L for Hg2+. The sensor also exhibited excellent performance for mercury (II) detection in real water samples. The characterizations of the synthesized materials were done using various spectroscopic techniques and the fluorescence sensing mechanism was studied. 相似文献
162.
防城湾的环境特征及其水体自净特点分析 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
根据(1983-1997)15 a间对防城湾6个航次的调查资料,分析探讨了该湾水体的自净能力。结果表明:该湾具有较强的水体自净能力,但与北海湾和钦洲湾的表现特点明显不同。物理自净能力虽以往复流影响为主,但其旋转方向是以逆时针方向为主,且湾内外流速出现大小不等现象,与该湾特殊的地形影响有关;较强的化学自净能力虽从富氧特征及明显偏低的COD值体现出来,但三态氮的形态转化没有达到较佳状态,与该湾多方位、多途径源源不断地向湾内直接排放富含有机物的生活污水及养殖废水有关;生物自净能力既体现在微生物对有机物较强的降解能力上,也体现在浮游植物对DO的贡献作用及其对营养盐的吸收能力上,具有富营养海湾的水体自净特点。 相似文献
163.
164.
Critical algal blooms in great lakes increase the level of algal organic matters(AOMs),significantly altering the composition of natural organic matters(NOMs) in freshwater of lake.This study examined the AOM's characteristics of Nitzschia palea(N.palea),one kind of the predominant diatom and an important biomarker of water quality in the great lakes of China,to investigate the effect of AOMs on the variation of NOMs in lakes and the process of algal energy.Excitation–emission matrix fluorescence(EEM) spectroscopy,synchronous fluorescence(SF) spectroscopy and deconvolution UV–vis(D-UV) spectroscopy were utilized to characterize AOMs to study the effects of nutrient loading on the composition change of AOMs.From results,it was revealed that the phosphorus is the limiting factor for N.palea's growth and the generation of both total organic carbon and amino acids but the nitrogen is more important for the generation of carbohydrates and proteins.EEM spectra revealed differences in the composition of extracellular organic matter and intracellular organic matter.Regardless of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations,aromatic proteins and soluble microbial products were the main components,but the nitrogen concentration had a significant impact on their composition.The SF spectra were used to study the AOMs for the first time and identified that the protein-like substances were the major component of AOMs,creating as a result of aromatic group condensation.The D-UV spectra showed carboxylic acid and esters were the main functional groups in the EOMs,with –OCH_3,–SO_2NH_2,–CN,–NH_2,–O– and –COCH_3functional groups substituting into benzene rings. 相似文献
165.
为调查长沙市大气中TVOC的分布特征及变化规律,研究其污染控制措施,按照相关标准和技术规范,在不同的功能区划和行政区划内合理布设12个监测点位,分季节采集样品,使用热脱附-气相色谱法进行检测,利用反距离权重插值和遥感解译等方法进行综合分析。结果表明:长沙市大气中苯与甲苯( B/T)特征比值为0.58,汽车尾气是长沙市苯系物和TVOC的主要来源;长沙市不同的工业区TVOC浓度有显著差异,工业区合理布局,增加绿化面积,可以有效的降低TVOC浓度。 相似文献
166.
在盐城国家级自然保护区内选择研究断面,进行野外监测,运用统计分析的方法,分析了盐城海滨湿土壤水分与植被的关系.结果表明:(1)自然条件下,从芦苇沼泽到米草沼泽,土壤水分呈明显的增加趋势,0~10 cm土层平均含水量从35.98%增加到46.10%;10~20 cm土层平均含水量从37.93%增加到44.80%;20~30 cm土层平均含水量从38.12%增加到46.84%.(2)人为影响下,土壤含水量在整体上表现出从陆地到海洋,先降低后增加的趋势.(3)在植被交错带,米草土壤含水量与斑块大小密切相关,随着斑块面积的增加而增加;芦苇土壤含水量与距海堤距离密切相关,对着距离的增加而增加. 相似文献
167.
Muhammad Farooq Saleem Khan Jing Wu Cheng Cheng Mona Akbar Chuanyang Liu Bo Liu Jian Shen Yu Xin 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(3):42
168.
介绍了粉煤灰的产生过程和特性 ,以及水泥型粉煤灰的生产工艺。简述了新型粉煤灰混凝土混合比试验 ,分析了水泥型粉煤灰利用的经济效益 相似文献
169.
依据JJF1059.1-2012,确立测量结果和不确定度评价的数学模型,从采集气样体积和采气后滤膜消解液待测物浓度和定容体积三个部分,A类不确定度和B类不确定度二个方面评定测量过程的不确定度,量化各不确定度分量。本次测量相对合成标准不确定度为0.024,较大的不确定度是样品浓度测量过程中的A类不确定度,主要由标准曲线测量和样品测量随机偏差引入,分量值分别为0.013和0.011。本次测量结果为0.169±0.008mg/m3(包含区间在0.161~0.177mg/m3),k=2。即在包含概率约为95%的条件下,可以判定该工作场所空气中硒化氢的含量已经超过了PC-TWA标准限值。 相似文献
170.
Lizhen Liu Boqiang Qin Yunlin Zhang Guangwei Zhu Guang Gao Qi Huang Xin Yao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1725-1732
Preliminary characterization of bound extracellular polymeric substances(bEPS) of cyanobacteria is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the formation mechanism of cyanobacterial bloom. However,the characterization of bEPS can be affected by extraction methods. Five sets(including the control) of bEPS from Microcystis extracted by different methods were characterized using three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix(3DEEM) fluorescence spectroscopy combined chemical spectrophotometry; and the characterization results of bEPS samples were further compared. The agents used for extraction were NaOH,pure water and phosphate buffered saline(PBS) containing cationic exchange resins,and hot water. Extraction methods affected the fluorescence signals and intensities in the bEPS. Five fluorescence peaks were observed in the excitation and emission matrix fluorescence spectra of bEPS samples. Two peaks(peaks T1 and T2) present in all extractions were identified as protein-like fluorophores,two(peaks A and C) as humic-like fluorophores,and one(peak E) as a fulvic-like substance.Among these substances,the humic-like and fulvic-like fluorescences were only seen in the bEPS extracted with hot water. Also,NaOH solution extraction could result in strong fluorescence intensities compared to the other extraction methods. It was suggested that NaOH at pH 10.0 was the most appropriate method to extract bEPS from Microcystis. In addition,dialysis could affect the yields and characteristics of extracted bEPS during the determination process. These results will help us to explore the issues of cyanobacterial blooms. 相似文献