城市垃圾焚烧发电系统热平衡分析与优化方案

以城市垃圾焚烧过程的热工计算为基础，深入研究了热平衡分析与能量回收之间的关系。针对国内在垃圾焚烧发电领域存在的主要问题，提出了传统工艺的优化方案，并对我国城市垃圾焚烧发电的能量回收利用前景进行了预测分析。     

新型烟气冷凝节能与脱硫装置研究

烟气冷凝节能与脱硫装置是适用于燃油燃气锅炉的新装置。本文介绍了该装置节能及脱硫的基本原理,利用81.4KW天然气锅炉实验系统对装置的传热和脱硫特性进行了研究。实验表明,该装置提高锅炉效率为3％-8％,脱硫效率为20％-40％。     

Maritime oil spills— Environmental lessons and experiences with special reference to low-risk coastlines

Oil spill contingency plans are available for most coastlines but the amount of useful environmental data is variable. The information should be held on a GIS base. High risk areas should be identified and the pre-existing store of environmental knowledge should be commensurately extensive and should be available in considerable spatial detail. Contingency plans still depend on basic lists of coastal types as defined by static, sediment based shoreline characteristics. There is a lack of dynamic, process information. TheBraer oil spill of 1993 provides a case study of the application of sound coastal geomorphological and ecological data to impact assessment. Monitoring of the ecological effects of this massive oil spill reinforces other research which indicates that most coastlines can recover naturally from oil spills, and that oil spill clean up techniques may not necessarily benefit rapid shoreline recovery. Although pre-existing environmental informations is important, the key decisions must be taken quickly and are frequently judgmental and, therefore, place a premium on gathering appropriate scientific expertise to the site of the spill as soon as possible and with sufficient powers to affect both the oil spill response, to initiate early surveys of damage and to facilitate the initial monitoring programme.     

应用假单胞菌进行防蜡作用的研究

假单胞菌L－11菌体与其胞外产物可以作为一种很好的防蜡剂，对L－11的发酵条件进行了优化，确定了最适发酵培养基的配方，发酵培养基以葡萄糖、蛋白胨为其最适碳、氮源，防蜡剂生产的发酵条件为：前16h的发酵温度为35℃，后期将温度降至20℃，发酵液的pH=4．5为发酵终点，此时发酵液在内条件下的防蜡率为78％，将上述所得菌液在大庆油田做了防蜡实验，结果表明，注入L－11的油井洗井周期有所延长，实验证明了L－11的发酵液可以作为一种经济、有效的蜡剂。     

黄原酯棉回收废弃电子电路板中金的研究

废弃电子电路板经王水溶解后，在盐酸介质中，用自制的黄原酯棉吸附。用6mol/L HCl洗涤杂质后，5％Na2SO3洗脱Au，控制溶液的流速为1mL/min。洗脱液浓缩后，再用20％ Na2SO3沉淀得到99.59%Au。     

Risk-Based Viable Population Monitoring

Abstract:  We describe risk-based viable population monitoring, in which the monitoring indicator is a yearly prediction of the probability that, within a given timeframe, the population abundance will decline below a prespecified level. Common abundance-based monitoring strategies usually have low power to detect declines in threatened and endangered species and are largely reactive to declines. Comparisons of the population's estimated risk of decline over time will help determine status in a more defensible manner than current monitoring methods. Monitoring risk is a more proactive approach; critical changes in the population's status are more likely to be demonstrated before a devastating decline than with abundance-based monitoring methods. In this framework, recovery is defined not as a single evaluation of long-term viability but as maintaining low risk of decline for the next several generations. Effects of errors in risk prediction techniques are mitigated through shorter prediction intervals, setting threshold abundances near current abundance, and explicitly incorporating uncertainty in risk estimates. Viable population monitoring also intrinsically adjusts monitoring effort relative to the population's true status and exhibits considerable robustness to model misspecification. We present simulations showing that risk predictions made with a simple exponential growth model can be effective monitoring indicators for population dynamics ranging from random walk to density dependence with stable, decreasing, or increasing equilibrium. In analyses of time-series data for five species, risk-based monitoring warned of future declines and demonstrated secure status more effectively than statistical tests for trend.     

黄磷尾气回收系统的安全设计

对一个 5 0 0 0t a的黄磷电炉的尾气回收系统的设计进行了全面的安全分析 ,指出了其中存在的不足。在此基础上 ,提出了一个改进的设计方案 ,新的设计在生产应用中取得了明显的成效 ,安全性和效益均得到明显的提高。     

硼泥处理含氟废水的研究

在一定温度下将硼泥活化处理，用于处理５０ｍｇ／Ｌ的含氟废水，加入量为４‰，最佳吸附Ｆ－的ｐＨ值为１０．０～１１．４，去除率达９３％。吸附平衡浓度与吸附量关系符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ吸附等温式，求出２０℃、２５℃、３０℃时的饱和吸附量和吸附系数。其吸附速度符合鲛岛吸附动力学方程式。     

秦皇岛市废矿物油资源化初探

在分析秦皇岛市废矿物油的产生和排放现状的基础上，指出废矿物油资源化是解决近岸海域油污染的最佳条件，并提出了一些可操作性的废矿物油资源化对策。     

乡镇铝厂大气氟污染对区域冬小麦生长影响的研究

通过对郑州市某乡镇电解铝厂附近的参气，土壤及冬小麦等生态因素含氟量的分析与研究，表明：（１）铝厂所排放的化物是造成冬小麦减产的主要原因：（２）冬小麦各部位器官含量与距污染源的距离呈负相关；（３）对电解铝生产过程排放的气态氟化物应采取相应的治理和防护措施。