世界封存CO_2驱油的现状与前景

"碳捕捉与封存"技术有助于减少温室气体排放和控制全球变暖,评述了世界可深层封存CO2的潜力,世界各国封存CO2提高油田采收率的现状和发展趋势,以及中国CO2驱油的前景。     

Increasing significance of advanced physical/chemical processes in the development and application of sustainable wastewater treatment systems

The awareness of the problem of the scarcity of water of high quality has strongly changed the approach of wastewater treatment. Currently, there is an increasing need for the beneficial reuse of treated wastewater and to recover valuable products and energy from the wastewater. Because microbiological treatment methods are, only to a limited part, able to satisfy these needs, the role and significance of physical/chemical processes in wastewater treatment are gaining more and more interest. The specific future role and aim of the various physical/chemical treatment processes can be categorized in five groups: improvement of the performance of microbiological treatment processes, achievement of the high quality required for reuse of the effluent, recovery of valuable components and energy from the wastewater for beneficial reuse, desalination of brackish water and seawater, and treatment of concentrated liquid or solid waste residues produced in a wastewater treatment process. Development of more environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment chains in which physical/chemical processes play a crucial role, also requires application of process control and modeling strategies. This is briefly introduced by the elaboration of treatment scenarios for three specific wastewaters.     

关于钢铁企业全膜法制取脱盐水工艺原水选择的探讨

全膜法制水系统,即超滤加二级反渗透工艺,已广泛应用于钢铁企业脱盐水的制取。为实现节能减排,越来越多的钢铁企业追求将工业污水收集后处理制成脱盐水和回用水用于生产。从全厂水量平衡、水质平衡的角度,对分别采用工业新水和工业污水作为制取脱盐水原水的工艺进行了分析比较,论证了采用工业污水作为制取脱盐水的原水是否可以真正的实现节能减排,可作为实际工程的参考。     

油品蒸发损耗及其回收处理技术

油品在储运、销售、应用过程中,存在着大量的蒸发损耗,油气回收是解决这一问题最有效的方法.常用的油气回收处理方法包括燃烧法、冷凝法、溶剂吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法等.将不同的回收方法进行有机组合,能实现技术互补,进而提高油气的回收效率.对油气回收系统进行评价,显示出其良好的社会、环境、经济效益.     

餐厨垃圾管理和处理方法探析

文章一方面介绍了餐厨垃圾的产生、管理及处理现状,简述了餐厨垃圾资源化方式和各自的优缺点;另一方面剖析了餐厨垃圾处理难的原因,进而探讨了餐厨垃圾规范处理的对策措施。     

高浓度豆制品废水预处理实验研究

对高浓度豆制品废水的预处理方法作了实验研究。采用调节等电点酸沉降的方法回收蛋白质,然后用聚合硫酸铁化学混凝处理上清液以降低COD的含量。实验证明了方法的可行性并得出了最佳实验条件。     

废旧锂离子电池回收处理技术研究进展

通过介绍废旧锂离子电池的构成及近年来废旧锂离子电池回收处理技术的研究进展,综述了目前主要回收方法有溶解分离法和直接回收正极材料的新型方法等,并对现有研究中存在的二次污染、安全性问题进行了初步探讨。     

韶钢2200 m3高炉优化休复风操作生产实践研究

韶钢2200 m³高炉投产运行近16年,处于炉役后期生产,受操作炉型不规则且炉缸保温性能极大下降等影响,高炉休风检修后,炉况恢复较困难。通过科学调剂精料管理、优化休风料加入方式、上下部操作制度并改进造渣制度和出铁模式等一系列措施,实现了高炉在短时间内快速恢复炉况的目的。     

Screening for a new Streptomyces strain capable of e cient keratin degradation

Keratinous wastes could be degraded by some microorganisms in nature. Native human foot skin （NHFS） was used as sole nitrogen source to screen microorganisms with keratin-degrading capability. From approximately 200 strains, a strain of Streptomyces sp. strain No. 16 was found to possess the strongest keratinolytic activity, and the total activity in the culture was 110 KU/ml with specific activity of 2870 KU/mg protein （KU： keratinase unit）. Substrate specificity test indicated that the crude keratinase could degrade keratin azure, human hair, cock feathers and collagen. The optimal pH of the crude keratinase ranged from 7.5 to 10 and the temperature ranged from 40℃ to 55℃. Metal chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid obviously stimulated the keratinolytic activity but suppressed the proteolytic activity. To our knowledge, this is the first report on specific induction of keratinases by NHFS from an actinomycete. Moreover, excellent characteristics of its crude keratinase may lead to the potential application in waste treatment and recovery, poultry and leather industry, medicine, and cosmetic development.     

校园一次性废电池回收关键环节的问卷调研

如何从分散的大量用户手中回收一次性废电池是目前一次性废电池回收体系构建中的关键环节。文章采用问卷调查方法,以华东师范大学中山北路校区在校本科生为对象,研究了针对校园大学生用户回收一次性废电池环节中的存在问题和解决。提出了"以旧换新"的回收方式,初步确定了该方式运行所需的几个关键参数:回收的"旧新电池回收比例"为5:1,回收地点在各宿舍管理员处,回收时间为每月定期进行一次。文章结果对于构建废电池回收体系具有一定的参考意义。